Shift #
Number of realizations
10
to suffer
—
to endure
| Realization | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | English | |
| Lexeme | suffer | |
| Meaning 1 | to suffer | I suffer from headaches |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to tolerate, to endure | I cannot suffer him. How can you suffer such insolence? France will no longer suffer the existing government. |
| Reference | ODE | |
| Related Languages | ||
| Comment | ||
| Realization | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Hungarian | |
| Lexeme | szenved | |
| Meaning 1 | to suffer | szenvedni az igazságért "to suffer for the truth" |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to endure | vereséget szenvedni "to endure failure" |
| Reference | Гальди 1974 687 | |
| Related Languages | ||
| Comment | ||
| Realization | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Spanish | |
| Lexeme | sufrir | |
| Meaning 1 | to suffer | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to endure | no puedo sufrir (a uno) "I can't tolerate (smb.)" |
| Reference | Narumov 1995 | |
| Related Languages | ||
| Comment | Also Romanian suferi, Portuguese sofrer, French souffrir | |
| Realization | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Italian | |
| Lexeme | patire | |
| Meaning 1 | to suffer | patire di stomaco |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to endure | non patire il sole "do not tolerate sunlight" |
| Reference | Zor'ko et al. 2002 | |
| Related Languages | ||
| Comment | ||
| Realization | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | German | |
| Lexeme | leiden | |
| Meaning 1 | to suffer | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to endure | |
| Reference | Moskal'skaja (ed.) 2001 | |
| Related Languages | ||
| Comment | ||
| Realization | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Portuguese | |
| Lexeme | padecer | |
| Meaning 1 | to suffer | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to endure | |
| Reference | Feerštejn, Starec 2005 591 | |
| Related Languages | ||
| Comment | from Vulgar Latin *patīscere, from Latin patior 'to suffer' | |
| Realization | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Latin | |
| Lexeme | patior | |
| Meaning 1 | to suffer, to undergo | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to bear with equanimity, to tolerate, to put up with | |
| Reference | Glare 1309 | |
| Related Languages | ||
| Comment | ||
| Realization | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Modern Greek | |
| Lexeme | υποφέρω | |
| Meaning 1 | to suffer | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to endure | |
| Reference | Xorikov, Malev 1993 779 | |
| Related Languages | ||
| Comment | ||
| Realization | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Polish | |
| Lexeme | cierpieć | |
| Meaning 1 | to suffer | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to endure | |
| Reference | Gessen, Stypula 1980 1, 113 | |
| Related Languages | ||
| Comment | Also Czech trpět, Slovene trpẹ́ti | |