to see/to look at
→
to know
10 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Ancient Greek | |
| Lexeme 1 | εἶδον (aor. 2, 1sg) | |
| Lexeme 2 | οἶδα (pf. 1sg) | |
| Meaning 1 | to see, to look | κατ᾽ ἐνῶπα ἰδεῖν; οἰκτρὸς ἰδεῖν to look in the face; one who looks miserable |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to be informed | τοῦ εἰδέναι ὀρέγεσθαι strive for knowledge |
| Reference | LSJ | |
| Comment | LSJ 482, 1201; Vanhove 2008: 341; Sweetser 1990: 33 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Geez | |
| Lexeme | ṭayyaḳa | |
| Meaning 1 | observe, look at, contemplate | wa-yəbelo ʔəgziʔabəḥer la-muse rad wa-ʔaydəʕomu la-ḥəzb ʔi-yəḳrabu ḫaba ʔəgziʔabəḥer la-ṭayyəḳo ‘and God said to Moses: go down and inform the people that they should not approach God in order to see (him)’ (Ex. 19:21) |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to know exactly, be certain, ascertain | tāʔamməri wa-təṭeyyəḳi kama yəmarrərakki ‘you are aware and you know how bitter it is for you’ (Jer. 2:19); ʔisrāʔel ʔi-ṭayyaḳanna ‘Israel did not know us’ (Jes. 63:16) |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | (LGz. 600; LLA 1245-1246). | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Geez | |
| Lexeme | rǝʔya | |
| Meaning 1 | to see | rǝʔya ḥǝlma 'he saw a dream' (Gen. 41:1); rǝʔiku bǝʔǝse yǝṣṣeʕan 'I saw a man riding' (Zach. 1:8) |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to know, to learn | wa-rǝʔi ʔǝnka wa-ʔaʔmǝr kama ʔalbo ʔǝkkit wǝsta ʔǝdeye 'and know and perceive that there is no evil in my hand' (1 Reg. 24:12); rǝʔikanu kama ʔangʷargʷaru farasāwǝyān ‘do you know that the Pharisees are grumbling’ (Matth. 15:12) |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | (LLA 296-297). | |
| NEW Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Hungarian | |
| Lexeme | lát | |
| Meaning 1 | to see/to look at | Szemüveg nélkül nem látja a betűket. (S)he can't see the letters without glasses. |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to know | Látom én, hová akar kilyukadni. I know what you're getting at. |
| Reference | MEK 1978 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Kaurna | |
| Lexeme | nakkondi | |
| Meaning 1 | to see/to look at | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to know | |
| Reference | Evans, Wilkins 2000: 551 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Cognates | |
| Language 1 | Latin | |
| Language 2 | Icelandic | |
| Lexeme 1 | video, -ere | |
| Lexeme 2 | vita | |
| Meaning 1 | to see | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to know | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Cf. the Eng.wit, Germ. wissen | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Cognates | |
| Language | Russian | |
| Lexeme 1 | videt' | |
| Lexeme 2 | vedat' | |
| Meaning 1 | to see | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to know | он не ведает что творит he doesn't know what he's doing |
| Reference | Vanhove 2008: 352 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Serbian | |
| Lexeme | видети (videti) | |
| Meaning 1 | to see/to look at | видети добро, видети море to see well, see the sea |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to know | Морам видети шта он намерава. I must know what he is up to. |
| Reference | Vujanitsh et al. 2007: 146 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Swahili | |
| Lexeme | ona | |
| Meaning 1 | to see, to notice | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to know | ona kwa vitendo to get to know by experience |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Polikanov | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Warlpiri | |
| Lexeme | nyangu | |
| Meaning 1 | to see, watch, look at | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to determine, find out | |
| Reference | Evans, Wilkins 2000: 551 | |
| Comment | MO | |
cf. Viberg 1984:157-158