Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
-
Comment
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Amharic | |
| Lexeme | näḳḳa | |
| Meaning 1 | to awaken, wake up | band säʔat näḳḳahu I woke up at seven o'clock |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to be alert, on one's guard | həzbawi dərəğğətočč ṣärä abyotäññoččən näḳtäw əndiṭäbbəḳu mämmäriya täsäṭṭä Mass organizations have been given instructions to be on the alert against counter revolutionaries. |
| Reference | AED: 83 Leslau 1973: 83 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Semantic evolution | |
| Language | Ancient Hebrew | |
| Lexeme | עוּר ˁūr | |
| Meaning 1 | to be alert, watchful | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to wake up, to be awake | |
| Reference | Gesenius, 1859 | |
| Comment | The verb עוּר ˁūr connects with the meaning 'to be hot, ardent', hence to be alert, watchful (in opposition both to sleep and to idleness), and then, to wake up, to awake (Gesenius Hebrew-Chaldee Lexicon). |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Classical Arabic | |
| Lexeme | اِسْتَيْقَظَ̣ ʔistayḳaẓa (X-stem) | |
| Meaning 1 | to wake up | ʔistayḳaẓa min nawm-i-hi He woke up from his sleep. |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to pay attention, to be alert | huwa yastayḳiẓu ʔilā´ ́ṣawt-i-hi He is paying attention to his voice/to his words, or he is listening to him. |
| Reference | Lane: 2979 | |
| Comment | Both meanings are present in يَقِظَ yaḳiẓa (I-stem), and تَيَقَّظَ tayaḳḳaẓa (V-stem) with the same root. Cf. also يَقِظ yaḳiẓ- 'non sleeping, awake; vigilant, wary, cautious; having his attention roused'. |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Classical Arabic | |
| Lexeme | تَنَبَّهَ tanabbaha | |
| Meaning 1 | to wake up | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to pay attention suddenly | tanabbaha li-l-̣ʔamr-i This object, this question drew his attention. |
| Reference | BK: II 1189 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Danish | |
| Lexeme | vågen | |
| Meaning 1 | awake | ligge vågen to lie awake |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | attentive | holde et vågent øje to look attentively |
| Reference | DDO | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | English | |
| Lexeme | awake | |
| Meaning 1 | awake, vigilant | Are you awake? Let's go on a walk! |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | awake, on guard | He was awake to danger |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Geez | |
| Lexeme | tagha | |
| Meaning 1 | to be awake, sleepless | tagāhku wa-konku kama ʕof bāḥtāwi wəsta nāḥs (Ps. 101:8) I was vigilant and became as a lonely bird on a roof. |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to be attantive or careful, diligent about something | təgəhi la-mafḳədəya bakama yətaggəh ʔəmm la-wəludā (Jer. 1:12); ʔətaggəh ʔana kama ʔəgbar za-nababku Be attentive to my necessities as a mother is attentive to her children.; I strive to do what I said. |
| Reference | LLA: 571 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Norwegian | |
| Lexeme | våken | |
| Meaning 1 | awake | rekke å bli ordentlig våken to get to become properly awake |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | attentive | ha et våkent sinn to be attentive |
| Reference | BO | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Russian | |
| Lexeme | bdet' | |
| Meaning 1 | to be vigilant, watch out | (хорошо бы пример!) |
| Meaning 2 | to be vigilant, watch out | Бдеющий или бдющий мужик ·*пск. (бдящий) vigilant, diligent, assiduous, zealous (Dahl) |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | проверить по словарям | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Swedish | |
| Lexeme | vaken | |
| Meaning 1 | awake | hon låg vaken hela natten she was lying awake all night |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | attentive | han har ett vaket sinne för modetrender he follows fashion trends attentively |
| Reference | SAO | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 11 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Tagalog | |
| Lexeme | gising | |
| Meaning 1 | awake, vigilant | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | vigilant | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Таг 129 | |