to calm down
→
to pay
2 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Medieval Latin | |
| Lexeme | pacare | |
| Meaning 1 | to make peace between contending parties, to appease, satisfy a claimant or creditor | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to pay a debt | |
| Reference | Niermeyer: 750 | |
| Comment | The same root in Latin pax 'peace'. In Classical Latin pacare 'to make peaceful, to pacify; to impose a settlement; to bring (land) under control (by cultivation); to bring under control, to subdue (individuals)'. Descendants are Old French paiier, paier ‘to pay’, Middle French payer, French payer, Catalan, Occitan, Galician, Portuguese, Spanish pagar ‘to pay’, Friulian paiâ, pajâ ‘to pay’. Italian has etymological doublets, inherited pagare ‘to pay’ and borrowed from Latin pacare ‘to calm dowm’. Romanian obsolete păca ‘to subdue; to tame’ and împăca (from *impacare) ‘to reconcile with someone’, ‘get along together (with smb.)’, ‘to agree on a price’, ‘to put up with something’, ‘to reassure someone’. English pay is borrowed from Old French. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Modern Hebrew | |
| Lexeme 1 | הִשְלִימָה hišlīmā (with the preposition or Accusative) | |
| Lexeme 2 | שִלַּמ šillam | |
| Meaning 1 | to make peace with | (hif.-stem) |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to pay, make restitution, compensate | (pi'el-stem) |
| Reference | HAL: root 9672 | |
| Comment | From shalóm 'peace'. | |
Compare French quitte 'quits; neither owing or being owed; freed from a liability or debt' from Medieval Latin quittus, from Latin quietus 'calm'. English to settle 'to become calm, quiet, or orderly; to stop being agitated', 'to reconcile (a quarrel, differences, etc.)' and 'to close, liquidate or balance (an account) by payment', 'to pay a bill'