to fall down
→
to die
34 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 | |
| 2787 | to go down | → | to die | Open |
| NEW Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Adyghe | |
| Lexeme | етэкъохын (jɜtɜqɜwxɘn) | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall down from smth | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | fig. to die | |
| Reference | Shaov 1975: 113 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Ancient Greek | |
| Lexeme | πέσημα | |
| Meaning 1 | fall | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | death | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | from the verb πίπτω 'to fall', cf. πέσος 'dead body' | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Armenian | |
| Lexeme | ənknel | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall | |
| Meaning 2 | to be killed, to die | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | АрмРС 238 | |
| NEW Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Bulgarian | |
| Lexeme | падна | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall down | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to die, to perish | падна в битка to die in battle |
| Reference | Bernštejn 1966: 433 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Classical Arabic | |
| Lexeme | saḳaṭa | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall | saḳaṭa fulān-un maġšiyy-an ʕalayhi ‘such a one fell down in a swoon’ |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to die | saḳaṭa r-rağul-u ‘the man died’ |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Lane 1380 | |
| NEW Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Croatian | |
| Lexeme | pasti | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall down | pasti na zemlju fall to the ground |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to die | |
| Reference | HJP | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Danish | |
| Lexeme | falde | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall down | falde på gulvet to fall to the floor |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to be killed | faldet i kampen killed on the battlefield |
| Reference | DDO | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | English | |
| Lexeme | fall | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall | |
| Meaning 2 | to die | 1) And women rent their tresses for their great prince's fall. 1) И женщины рвали на себе волосы, горюя о смерти своего великого государя (Lingvo) |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | The same case in Icel. falla 'to fall' and 'to die in a battle; to die (cattle)' (Берков). Нем. Fellen. | |
| NEW Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Erzya | |
| Lexeme | мадемс | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall down | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to die | |
| Reference | Serebrennikov et al. 1993: 356 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | French | |
| Lexeme | tomber | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall down | Un pot de fleurs tomba et se brisa. A flower pot fell down and came to pieces. |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to be killed | ceux qui sont tombés au champ d'honneur the ones who fell in the battle |
| Reference | Larousse online | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 11 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Geez | |
| Lexeme | wadḳa | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall [LLA 930-931] | za-wadḳa diba ʔəbn the one who fell on the stone (Matth. 21:44) |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to die [LLA 930-931] | 1) wa-wadḳa ʔəm-wəsta ḥəzb yəʔəta ʔamira 300 bəʔəsi; 1) 'and that day about three thousand of the people died' (Ex. 32:28); 2) 'They will fall from a spear' (Jes. 13:15) |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | The same polysemy in Tigrinya:wädäḳ̌ä (KT 1787-88) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 12 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Hungarian | |
| Lexeme | elesik | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall down | Egy korcsolyázó pár elesett a jégen. The figure skating pair fell down on ice. |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to die, pass away | Elesett Isaszegnél. He fell at the battle of Isaszeg. |
| Reference | MEK 1978 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 13 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Icelandic | |
| Lexeme | falla | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall down | bollinn féll á gólfið og brotnaði the cup fell down and came to pieces |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to be killed | margir hermenn hafa fallið í bardögunum a lot of soldiers fell in the battle |
| Reference | ISLEX | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 14 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Japanese | |
| Lexeme | taoreru (倒れる) | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall | その木は今にも倒れそうだった The tree was ready to fall down |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to die | 彼は舞台の上で心臓発作で倒れました He died of a heart attack on the stage |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 15 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Komi | |
| Lexeme | усьны | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall | усьны гуö, зэр эз усьлы войт to fall into a pit, even a drop of rain did not fall |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to perish | аръявыв öвад усьö In autumn the gadflies die |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | КомиРС 686-687 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 16 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Latin | |
| Lexeme | cado, -ere | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to perish, to die | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Also Rum. A cădea DRRS 1, 363 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 17 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Lithuanian | |
| Lexeme | krìsti | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall | nuõ me˜džių kriñta lãpai leaves are falling off the trees |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to die (animals) | arklys krito the horse died |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | LRŽ 361, similarly iškrìsti | |
| NEW Realization 18 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Maori | |
| Lexeme | hinga | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall, fall over, lose, knock down | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to be defeated, killed, outdone, beaten, fallen over, overcome, smitten; loss, fall, defeat, death | |
| Reference | MD | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 19 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Norwegian | |
| Lexeme | falle | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall down | falle på baken to fall to the ground |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to be killed | falle i krigen to die in the war |
| Reference | BO | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 20 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Russian | |
| Lexeme 1 | упасть | |
| Lexeme 2 | пасть | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall | он упал с крыши he fell off the roof |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | chaps | Он пал на поле брани He fell in a battle |
| Reference | <personally collected data> | |
| Comment | Cf. also for Meaning 2: Rus. падеж скота 'loss of livestock' | |
| NEW Realization 21 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Internal cognates | |
| Language | Rutul | |
| Lexeme 1 | егъибхьур / eʁibxur | |
| Lexeme 2 | гегъибхьур / geʁibxur | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall down | джиба гулег'быр егъидхьур / ǯiba gulegʲbɨr eʁidxur the keys fell out the pocket |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to collapse, to die | гъул гегъибхьур / ʁul geʁibxur ихьды зер гегъибхьур / ixʲdɨ zer geʁibxur the window collapsed our cow died |
| Reference | Alekseeva et al. 2023 | |
| Comment | eʁibxur (INSIDE-OUT-fall)* and geʁibxur (UNDER-OUT-fall) have the same bound root xur, which is present in other words with other preverbs (=prefixes): ibxur (fall in smth), kibxur (fall into liquid), etc. * These are not proper glosses for the word, it is a scheme to represent the root and the preverbs in the word |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 22 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Sanskrit | |
| Lexeme | gal | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall down or off | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to vanish , perish , pass away | |
| Reference | MW | |
| Comment | MW350, Кочергина 190 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 23 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Sanskrit | |
| Lexeme | cyuti | |
| Meaning 1 | falling , falling down , gliding | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | perishing , dying | |
| Reference | MW | |
| Comment | MW403. | |
| NEW Realization 24 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Serbian | |
| Lexeme | пасти (pasti) | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall down | пасти са дрвета, пасти са стола fall from the tree, fall from the table |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to die | Srbi su u besmrtnu pesmu ugradjivali plemenita dela svojih predaka, hrabra dela onih koji su pali u borbi za slobodu. The Serbs incorporated the noble deeds of their ancestors, the brave deeds of those who died in the fight for freedom, into an immortal song. |
| Reference | Vujanitsh et al. 2007: 916 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 25 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Spanish | |
| Lexeme | caer | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall | cear del tejado to fell down frm the roof |
| Meaning 2 | to perish | caer en la lucha por la libertad to fall in the fight for freedom |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Narumov 1995: 146-147 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 26 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Swahili | |
| Lexeme | pukutika | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to die in mass | watu walipukutika People were dying like flies |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Polikanov | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 27 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Swedish | |
| Lexeme | falla | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall down | stenen föll ner från taket the stone fell off the roof |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to be killed | han föll i slaget vid Stiklastad he fell in the battle of Stiklestad |
| Reference | SAO | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 28 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Tagalog | |
| Lexeme | lagás | |
| Meaning 1 | detached | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | dead | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | The verbs málagás 'to separate, to fall out, to fall', málagásan 'to die'. Таг 178 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 29 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Tamil | |
| Lexeme | utir | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall down (about the leaves, predominantly) | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to die, pass away | |
| Reference | Tamil-Russian dictionary: 119 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 30 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Tamil | |
| Lexeme | viẓu | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall down | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to pass away, to die | |
| Reference | Tamil lexicon: 3721 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 31 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Tatar | |
| Lexeme | егылу | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall down | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to die | |
| Reference | Asylgaraev, Ganiev et al. (eds.) 2007: 1, 368 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 32 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Tigre | |
| Lexeme | hagga | |
| Meaning 1 | 'to fall' | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | 'to perish' | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | LH 28 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 33 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Yakut | |
| Lexeme | оҕут- | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall | мас охтубут a tree felt |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to be lost; to die, to kick off | 1) ойуурдаах куобах охтубат 1) a hare will not get lost in the forest (prov.) 2) dead cattle |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ЯРС 266. | |
| NEW Realization 34 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Yakut | |
| Lexeme | оҕут= | |
| Meaning 1 | to fall down | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to die (of animals) | |
| Reference | SakhaTyla.Ru | |
| Comment | ||