dog
→
bad person
9 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Russian | |
| Lexeme | pes | |
| Meaning 1 | dog | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | bad person | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Erzya | |
| Lexeme | киска | |
| Meaning 1 | dog | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | rascal | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ЭрзРС 268 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Russian | |
| Lexeme | sobaka | |
| Meaning 1 | dog | a. Породистая собака 'Purebred dog'. b. Сторожевая собака 'Patrol dog'. c. Легавая собака 'Pointing dog'. d. Дворовая собака 'Mongrel'. e. Комнатная собака 'Housedog'. f. Охотничья собака 'Hound'. g. Служебная собака 'Tracker dog'. |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | rascal | Ведь не бьет, собака, наотмашь, а тычет кулачищем прямо в рожу. (Сухово-Кобылин) 'He does not beat with the back of his hand, dirty dog, he pokes his big fist right in the face. (Sukhovo-Kobylin)' |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Lezgian | |
| Lexeme 1 | kic’ | |
| Lexeme 2 | kic’wal | |
| Meaning 1 | dog | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | meanness, dirty act | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | (LezgRus 160) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Tabassaran | |
| Lexeme | tula | |
| Meaning 1 | hound | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | lickspittle (fig.) | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | (TabRus 281) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Batak Toba | |
| Lexeme | asu | |
| Meaning 1 | dog | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | coarse word much used in insults | |
| Reference | ACD | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Manggarai | |
| Lexeme | acu | |
| Meaning 1 | dog | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | ften used to insult and mock people | |
| Reference | ACD | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Tausug | |
| Lexeme | iruʔ | |
| Meaning 1 | dog | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | a derogatory term for a person, often used in anger to children who disobey or are hard to manage | |
| Reference | ACD | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Turkish | |
| Lexeme | it | |
| Meaning 1 | dog | it iniği ' puppy ' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | bad person | ' |
| Reference | Baskakov 1977: 482 | |
| Comment | ||