man (male)
→
husband
43 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 | |
| 966 | woman | ↔ | wife | Open |
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Evenki | |
| Lexeme | beye | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | The second meaning emerges in the presence of the possessive suffixes Василевич 1958, 73 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Niuean | |
| Lexeme | tāne | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Полинская 1995, 102 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Icelandic | |
| Lexeme | ver | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Берков | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Romanian | |
| Lexeme | bărbat | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | DEX98 MDA2 DRRS: 1, 214 | |
| Comment | Originally 'bearded' (Latin barbatus). In the meaning of ‘husband’, often with a possessive pronoun. Also bărbătuș (diminutive of bărbat) ‘male animal’, (rarely) ‘little man’ (DEX09, MDA2, DRRS 1, 215), meaning ‘husband’ noted in Seche 2002. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Czech | |
| Lexeme | muž | |
| Meaning 1 | man [Павлович 1976: 253] | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | There are both meanings in Bulg. мъж, Mac. маж, Sloven. mož, Slovak, Czech. muž, Ucr. Муж. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Russian | |
| Lexeme 1 | mužčina | |
| Lexeme 2 | muž | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | The Russian муж used to mean also 'man', which has been preserved in several expressions cf. государственный муж 'statesman'; не мальчика, но мужа 'not a boy, but a man'. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Armenian | |
| Lexeme | mard | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | АрмРС 462 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Tuvan | |
| Lexeme | эр | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | The same in Karaim. Эр, эркэк (КРПС 665, 667). | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | German | |
| Lexeme | Mann | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Cf. also the Swedish man 'man, husband', Icelandic mann 'person, man, husband'. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Ukrainian | |
| Lexeme | čolovik | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 11 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Lezgian | |
| Lexeme | itim | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | (LezgRus 141-142). Cf. the Lak АДИМАНА, apparently the same root (Khajdakov 1962: 29). | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 12 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Gagauz | |
| Lexeme | adam | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ГРМС 25. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 13 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Tibetan | |
| Lexeme | khyo-ga | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Рерих I, 311. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 14 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Sanskrit | |
| Lexeme | vīrá | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | MW | |
| Comment | MW 1005, Кочергина 615 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 15 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Tabassaran | |
| Lexeme | žilir | |
| Meaning 1 | man | жилирси гъуз 'be a man' |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | жилирин чи 'sister in law (=husband's sister)' |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | (LezgRus 163) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 16 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Ancient Greek | |
| Lexeme | φώς | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 17 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Nganasan | |
| Lexeme | куодюму | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | НМС 1111 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 18 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Adyghe | |
| Lexeme | ƛ'ǝ | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | АдРС 198 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 20 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Osetin | |
| Lexeme | læg | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Абаев 2, 19 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 21 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Jarawara | |
| Lexeme | maki | |
| Meaning 1 | male | Inamatewe maki towe awane. 'I think it's a baby boy.' |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | her husband | Aa, ati maki kame 'Aha, there comes your older sister's husband' |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | JED 129. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 22 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Norwegian | |
| Lexeme | mann | |
| Meaning 1 | man | hvem er den mannen? 'who is this man?' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | miste mannen sin 'to lose one's husband' |
| Reference | BO | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 23 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Danish | |
| Lexeme | mand | |
| Meaning 1 | man | ung mand 'a young man' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | tidligere mand 'ex-husband' |
| Reference | DDO | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 24 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Swedish | |
| Lexeme | man | |
| Meaning 1 | man | en ung man 'a young man' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | hennes blivande man 'her husband-to-be' |
| Reference | SAO | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 25 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Latin | |
| Lexeme | vir | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | François 2008: 176 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 26 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Archi | |
| Lexeme | bošór | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | harakdu bošór 'former husband' |
| Reference | Kibrik, Kodzasov 1990: 205 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 27 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Kubachi | |
| Lexeme | адаме | |
| Meaning 1 | man | адамилла бакьутте 'male act' |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | адамилла уцце 'brother-in-law (lit. husband's brother)' |
| Reference | Magomedov, Saidov-Akkutta 2017: 43-44 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 28 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Udmurt | |
| Lexeme | пиосмурт | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | Kirillova 2008 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 29 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Soqotri | |
| Lexeme | ʕag | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | CSOL I: 505 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 30 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Abaza | |
| Lexeme | qat͡s’a | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | Tugov 1967 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 31 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Eastern Canadian Inuktitut | |
| Lexeme | aŋuti | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | Fortescue et al. 2010: 38 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 32 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Moksha | |
| Lexeme | аля | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | Serebrennikov et al. 1998: 34 | |
| Comment | Second meaning in dialect of Buldygino (Zubovo-Polyansky district, Mordovia) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 33 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Tofa | |
| Lexeme | эр | |
| Meaning 1 | man | эрлер чүнү тэ соодаэдырылар 'men are talking about something' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | эриӊ ғайдал? 'where is your husband?' |
| Reference | Rassadin 2016: 583 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 34 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Cham | |
| Lexeme | likaj | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | Alieva, Bùi Khán Thế 1999: 129 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 35 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Malto (Sauria Paharia, references do not distinguish from Kumarbhag Paharia) | |
| Lexeme | muṛse | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | Mahapatra 1987: 107 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 36 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Kurux | |
| Lexeme | mēt | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | Oraon-English Dictionary: 490 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 37 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Cognates | |
| Language | Kolami | |
| Lexeme | mās | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | Emeneau Kolami language: 216 | |
| Comment | The form has different meanings in dialects: in Kinwat Kolami its meaning is "man", and in Adilabad Kolami (data from P. Setumadhava Rao's grammar) the meaning is "husband". | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 38 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Kui | |
| Lexeme | mṛehenju | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | Winfield Kui Vocabulary: 79 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 39 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Serbian | |
| Lexeme | човек (čovek) | |
| Meaning 1 | man | постати човеком 'to become a man' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | лепо живети са својим човеком 'live nicely with your husband' |
| Reference | Vujanitsh et al. 2007: 1520 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 40 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Croatian | |
| Lexeme | čovjek | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | HJP | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 41 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Turkish | |
| Lexeme | er | |
| Meaning 1 | man | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | husband (colloquial) | ere gitmek 'to marry (of a woman)' |
| Reference | Baskakov 1977: 275 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 42 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | North Alaskan Inuit (Iñupiaq) | |
| Lexeme | aŋun | |
| Meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | Fortescue et al. 2010: 38 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 43 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Eastern Canadian Inuktitut | |
| Lexeme | aŋuti | |
| Meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | husband | |
| Reference | Fortescue et al. 2010: 38 | |
| Comment | ||