raw
→
severe, harsh
5 realizations
Related shifts
ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
-
Comment
ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
---|---|---|
type | Polysemy | |
language | Bulgarian | |
lexeme | суров | |
meaning 1 | raw | Сурово месо. Сурова коприна. Суров памук. Raw meat. Raw silk. Raw cotton. |
direction | → | |
meaning 2 | who shows severity, rudeness, cruelty; strict, harsh, merciless | Съдиите, които отначало му изглеждаха на обикновени хора, изведнъж се преобразиха на сурови, жестоки, неумолими същества, безсърдечни и глухи за молби и жалба. Г. Караславов. The judges, who at first appeared to him to be ordinary people, were suddenly transformed into harsh, cruel, implacable creatures, heartless and deaf to plea and complaint. G. Karaslavov. |
reference | RNBE | |
comment |
ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
---|---|---|
type | Polysemy | |
language | Croatian | |
lexeme | sirov | |
meaning 1 | raw | ovo je meso još sirovo this meat is still raw |
direction | → | |
meaning 2 | severe, tough, rude, uncultured | |
reference | HJP | |
comment |
ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
---|---|---|
type | Polysemy | |
language | German | |
lexeme | roh | |
meaning 1 | raw | rohes Fleisch row meat |
direction | → | |
meaning 2 | harsh, crude | rohe Sitten crude manners |
reference | Duden | |
comment |
ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
---|---|---|
type | Semantic evolution | |
language 1 | Old East Slavic | |
language 2 | Russian | |
lexeme 1 | суровъ | |
lexeme 2 | суровый | |
meaning 1 | raw | |
direction | → | |
meaning 2 | severe, harsh | |
reference | Fasmer 1986 | |
comment | суровый связано чередованием гласных с сыроoй (Fasmer 1986) |
ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
---|---|---|
type | Polysemy | |
language | Serbian | |
lexeme | сиров (sirov) | |
meaning 1 | raw | сирово месо, сирова риба raw meat, raw fish |
direction | → | |
meaning 2 | severe, tough, rude, uncultured | људи сирови и дивљи, сирови криминалци tough and wild people, severe criminals |
reference | Vujanitsh et al. 2007: 1223 | |
comment |