Soviet ethnographer Yevgeny Schilling wrote in the 1940s: "According to their functions, Kubachi amulets belong to objects that “protect” from the evil eye, from “evil spirits”. <...> Hekal is an amulet in the form of a triangle, with a “prayer” sewn into it. The text was written on a piece of paper by a mullah. The content of such texts is usually excerpts from sacred books, prayers, often words and phrases devoid of meaning, letters, figures, lines. Hekal was worn by women, children, as well as men. Usually this amulet was sewn to the armpits of a woman's dress, shirt, beshmet. Women also wore it around the neck. Hekal hung a horse on a bang, a cow between the horns. The amulet protected from diseases or the evil eye. Hekal under the same name is also known to the Dargins, Avars and Laks. Similar amulets were widespread, both within Dagestan and in general in the Caucasus (in the regions of Islam with Arabic text, in the regions of Christianity with a text of Christian origin). I observed amulets with a hardwired text in the everyday life of many peoples of the Caucasus." (Шиллинг Е.М. Амулеты восточного Кавказа (с предисловием Е. Терюковой) // Государство, религия, церковь в России и за рубежом. 2018. № 1. С. 213–228.)