millet maize 8 realizations
ACCEPTED Realization 1
type Polysemy
language Galician
lexeme millo
meaning 1 (dated) millet
direction
meaning 2 maize
reference DDDDLG DRAG
comment

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese milho, from Latin milium 'millet'. In the 17th-19th century the name passed to be applied to a new crop, the American maize, whilst millet became known as millo miúdo (literally 'little maize').

Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval, Santiago de Compostela: ILG
Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013) Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018) Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024) Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega,

ACCEPTED Realization 2
type Derivation
language Galician
lexeme 1 paínzo
lexeme 2 maínzo
meaning 1 millet
direction
meaning 2 maize
reference DDDDLG
comment

Blend of paínzo 'foxtail millet' +‎ maíz 'maize'

ACCEPTED Realization 3
type Semantic evolution
language 1 Middle Dutch
language 2 Afrikaans
lexeme mielie
meaning 1 millet
direction
meaning 2 maize
reference <personally collected data>
comment

from Latin milium'millet'

ACCEPTED Realization 4
type Semantic evolution
language 1 Old Galician–Portuguese
language 2 Portuguese
lexeme milho
meaning 1 millet
direction
meaning 2 maize
reference DPLP
comment

from Latin milium 'millet'

ACCEPTED Realization 5
type Borrowing
language 1 Romanian
language 2 Hungarian
lexeme 1 mălai
lexeme 2 málé
meaning 1 (archaic, Moldavia, Transylvania) millet, millet grains
direction
meaning 2 (regional) maize; polenta
reference MEK 1978 MDA2
comment

mălai also means 'cornflour', (regional) 'millet flour', 'any cereal', 'cornbread' , 'plant Luzula pilosa, Luzula campestris, Kochia (Bassia)'

Possibly from Late Dacian *mellája, from Dacian *melwá-ja, from Proto-Indo-European *melh₂-wo-yo- 'consisting of flour', from *melh₂-wo- 'flour', from *melh₂- 'to grind', or some other Paleo-Balkanic substrate. Other theories include Latin amylum + the suffix -alium. More likely is some connection with mămăligă, perhaps through contraction of a variant *mămălaie.

ACCEPTED Realization 6
type Polysemy
language Romanian
lexeme mălai
meaning 1 (archaic, Moldavia, Transylvania) millet, millet grains
direction
meaning 2 maize
reference DLRLC
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 7
type Semantic evolution
language Spanish
lexeme panizo
meaning 1 millet (esp. foxtail millet)
direction
meaning 2 maize
reference DRAE
comment

Inherited from Late Latin pānīcium, from Latin pānīcum 'foxtail millet', from pānus 'ear of millet'

ACCEPTED Realization 8
type Polysemy
language Turkish
lexeme darı
meaning 1 millet
direction
meaning 2 (colloquial) maize
reference Sesli Sözlük
comment

From Ottoman Turkish darı, from Proto-Turkic *tạrï-g (“millet