The Database of Semantic Shifts in the languages of the world

61 shifts found

[{"direction": "\u2192", "id": 615, "source": "ashes", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "puffball", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Mushrooms"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1032, "source": "cotton", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants; Substances and Materials", "target": "paper", "target_tags": "Substances and Materials"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1127, "source": "milk", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Food and Drinks; Substances and Materials", "target": "spurge (Euphorbia)", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1129, "source": "charcoal", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "smut (plant disease)", "target_tags": "Diseases; Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 1146, "source": "brushwood", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Plants; Plants. Trees and Shrubs", "target": "garbage", "target_tags": "Substances and Materials"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 1552, "source": "grain, seed", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Plants", "target": "ferment, leaven", "target_tags": "Substances and Materials"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1954, "source": "oak", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Plants; Plants. Trees and Shrubs", "target": "to tan (hides)", "target_tags": "Physical Actions; Substances and Materials"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 2089, "source": "dust", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "pollen", "target_tags": "Parts. Parts of Plants; Plants; Substances and Materials"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 2133, "source": "flower", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Parts. Parts of Plants; Plants", "target": "yolk", "target_tags": "Substances and Materials"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 2218, "source": "moss", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants", "target": "mold (fungal)", "target_tags": "Substances and Materials"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 2672, "source": "plant (biol.)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Plants", "target": "gunpowder", "target_tags": "Substances and Materials"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 2985, "source": "oil (food)", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Food and Drinks; Substances and Materials", "target": "slippery jack (Suillus luteus)", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Mushrooms"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3051, "source": "stone (material)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "dog-rose", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Trees and Shrubs"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3201, "source": "milk", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Food and Drinks; Substances and Materials", "target": "dandelion", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 3291, "source": "pomegranate", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Plants; Plants. Cultivated Plants", "target": "ruby (stone)", "target_tags": "Substances and Materials"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3824, "source": "poison, venom", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "fly agaric (Amanita muscaria)", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Mushrooms"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3838, "source": "honey", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Food and Drinks; Substances and Materials", "target": "honey mushroom (Armillaria mellea)", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Mushrooms"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4248, "source": "earth, soil", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "potato", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Cultivated Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4313, "source": "milk", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Food and Drinks; Substances and Materials", "target": "caraway (meridian fennel)", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4338, "source": "glass (material)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "glasswort", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4339, "source": "salt", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "glasswort", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4411, "source": "jewel, precious stone", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "lotus", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4470, "source": "faeces", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physiology; Substances and Materials", "target": "elder (Sambucus)", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Trees and Shrubs"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4513, "source": "frankincense", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "oregano", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Cultivated Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4693, "source": "tobacco", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "puffball", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Mushrooms"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 4887, "source": "vinegar", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Food and Drinks; Substances and Materials", "target": "barberry", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Trees and Shrubs"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 5421, "source": "smoke", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "common fumitory (Fumaria officinalis)", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 5638, "source": "alder (tree)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Plants; Plants. Trees and Shrubs", "target": "blood", "target_tags": "Physiology; Substances and Materials"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 5898, "source": "wood shavings", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "dandelion", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 5918, "source": "blood", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physiology; Substances and Materials", "target": "Saint-John\u0027s-wort (Hypericum)", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6106, "source": "milk", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Food and Drinks; Substances and Materials", "target": "field sowthistle", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6338, "source": "stone (piece of rock)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "Boletus edulis", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Mushrooms"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6340, "source": "cork", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Parts. Parts of Plants; Substances and Materials", "target": "Boletus edulis", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Mushrooms"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6682, "source": "smoke", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "cannabis", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6888, "source": "pearl", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Objects; Substances and Materials", "target": "lily-of-the-valley (Convallaria majalis)", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6897, "source": "tears", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physiology; Substances and Materials", "target": "lily-of-the-valley (Convallaria majalis)", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 6971, "source": "dandelion", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants", "target": "cotton wool", "target_tags": "Substances and Materials"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7041, "source": "poison, venom", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "hemlock (plant)", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7044, "source": "poison, venom", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "oleander", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Trees and Shrubs"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7193, "source": "gold", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "globeflower", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7195, "source": "gold", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "golden-saxifrage", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7196, "source": "gold", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "goldenrod", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 7246, "source": "wood shavings", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "moss", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7400, "source": "stone (piece of rock)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "grain, seed", "target_tags": "Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7686, "source": "grass, herb", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants", "target": "hay", "target_tags": "Plants; Substances and Materials"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7743, "source": "sweat", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physiology; Substances and Materials", "target": "downy birch", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Trees and Shrubs"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7934, "source": "palmyra palm", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Plants; Plants. Trees and Shrubs", "target": "sugar", "target_tags": "Food and Drinks; Substances and Materials"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7940, "source": "faeces", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physiology; Substances and Materials", "target": "lichen", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Mushrooms"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7941, "source": "faeces", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physiology; Substances and Materials", "target": "\u003cberry\u003e", "target_tags": "Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 8172, "source": "milk", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Food and Drinks; Substances and Materials", "target": "willowherb", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9032, "source": "water", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "columbine (Aquilegia)", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9079, "source": "dust", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "puffball", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Mushrooms"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9080, "source": "smoke", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "puffball", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Mushrooms"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9087, "source": "faeces", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physiology; Substances and Materials", "target": "puffball", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Mushrooms"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9146, "source": "pomegranate", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Plants; Plants. Cultivated Plants", "target": "garnet", "target_tags": "Substances and Materials"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 9230, "source": "mushroom", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Plants; Plants. Mushrooms", "target": "cork", "target_tags": "Parts. Parts of Plants; Substances and Materials"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9304, "source": "honey", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Food and Drinks; Substances and Materials", "target": "lemon balm (Melissa)", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9306, "source": "grass, herb", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants", "target": "poison, venom", "target_tags": "Substances and Materials"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9711, "source": "gold", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "ranunculus", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Herbaceous Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9886, "source": "gold", "source2": "apple", "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "orange (plant)", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Cultivated Plants"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 10357, "source": "silk", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Artifacts; Substances and Materials", "target": "spirogyra", "target_tags": "Plants"}]

ID	Meaning 1	Taxons 1	Direction	Meaning 2	Taxons 2
615	ashes	Substances and Materials	→	puffball	Plants; Mushrooms
1032	cotton	Plants; Herbaceous Plants; Substances and Materials	→	paper	Substances and Materials
1127	milk	Food and Drinks; Substances and Materials	→	spurge (Euphorbia)	Plants; Herbaceous Plants
1129	charcoal	Substances and Materials	→	smut (plant disease)	Diseases; Plants
1146	brushwood	Plants; Trees and Shrubs	—	garbage	Substances and Materials
1552	grain, seed	Plants	—	ferment, leaven	Substances and Materials
1954	oak	Plants; Trees and Shrubs	→	to tan (hides)	Physical Actions; Substances and Materials
2089	dust	Substances and Materials	→	pollen	Parts of Plants; Plants; Substances and Materials
2133	flower	Parts of Plants; Plants	—	yolk	Substances and Materials
2218	moss	Plants; Herbaceous Plants	—	mold (fungal)	Substances and Materials
2672	plant (biol.)	Plants	→	gunpowder	Substances and Materials
2985	oil (food)	Food and Drinks; Substances and Materials	→	slippery jack (Suillus luteus)	Plants; Mushrooms
3051	stone (material)	Substances and Materials	→	dog-rose	Plants; Trees and Shrubs
3201	milk	Food and Drinks; Substances and Materials	→	dandelion	Plants; Herbaceous Plants
3291	pomegranate	Plants; Cultivated Plants	—	ruby (stone)	Substances and Materials
3824	poison, venom	Substances and Materials	→	fly agaric (Amanita muscaria)	Plants; Mushrooms
3838	honey	Food and Drinks; Substances and Materials	→	honey mushroom (Armillaria mellea)	Plants; Mushrooms
4248	earth, soil	Substances and Materials	→	potato	Plants; Cultivated Plants
4313	milk	Food and Drinks; Substances and Materials	→	caraway (meridian fennel)	Plants; Herbaceous Plants
4338	glass (material)	Substances and Materials	→	glasswort	Plants; Herbaceous Plants
4339	salt	Substances and Materials	→	glasswort	Plants; Herbaceous Plants
4411	jewel, precious stone	Substances and Materials	→	lotus	Plants; Herbaceous Plants
4470	faeces	Physiology; Substances and Materials	→	elder (Sambucus)	Plants; Trees and Shrubs
4513	frankincense	Substances and Materials	→	oregano	Plants; Cultivated Plants
4693	tobacco	Substances and Materials	→	puffball	Plants; Mushrooms
4887	vinegar	Food and Drinks; Substances and Materials	—	barberry	Plants; Trees and Shrubs
5421	smoke	Substances and Materials	→	common fumitory (Fumaria officinalis)	Plants; Herbaceous Plants
5638	alder (tree)	Plants; Trees and Shrubs	→	blood	Physiology; Substances and Materials
5898	wood shavings	Substances and Materials	→	dandelion	Plants; Herbaceous Plants
5918	blood	Physiology; Substances and Materials	→	Saint-John's-wort (Hypericum)	Plants; Herbaceous Plants
6106	milk	Food and Drinks; Substances and Materials	→	field sowthistle	Plants; Herbaceous Plants
6338	stone (piece of rock)	Substances and Materials	→	Boletus edulis	Plants; Mushrooms
6340	cork	Parts of Plants; Substances and Materials	→	Boletus edulis	Plants; Mushrooms
6682	smoke	Substances and Materials	→	cannabis	Plants; Herbaceous Plants
6888	pearl	Physical Objects; Substances and Materials	→	lily-of-the-valley (Convallaria majalis)	Plants; Herbaceous Plants
6897	tears	Physiology; Substances and Materials	→	lily-of-the-valley (Convallaria majalis)	Plants; Herbaceous Plants
6971	dandelion	Plants; Herbaceous Plants	—	cotton wool	Substances and Materials
7041	poison, venom	Substances and Materials	→	hemlock (plant)	Plants; Herbaceous Plants
7044	poison, venom	Substances and Materials	→	oleander	Plants; Trees and Shrubs
7193	gold	Substances and Materials	→	globeflower	Plants; Herbaceous Plants
7195	gold	Substances and Materials	→	golden-saxifrage	Plants; Herbaceous Plants
7196	gold	Substances and Materials	→	goldenrod	Plants; Herbaceous Plants
7246	wood shavings	Substances and Materials	—	moss	Plants; Herbaceous Plants
7400	stone (piece of rock)	Substances and Materials	→	grain, seed	Plants
7686	grass, herb	Plants; Herbaceous Plants	→	hay	Plants; Substances and Materials
7743	sweat	Physiology; Substances and Materials	→	downy birch	Plants; Trees and Shrubs
7934	palmyra palm	Plants; Trees and Shrubs	→	sugar	Food and Drinks; Substances and Materials
7940	faeces	Physiology; Substances and Materials	→	lichen	Plants; Mushrooms
7941	faeces	Physiology; Substances and Materials	→	<berry>	Plants
8172	milk	Food and Drinks; Substances and Materials	→	willowherb	Plants; Herbaceous Plants
9032	water	Substances and Materials	→	columbine (Aquilegia)	Plants; Herbaceous Plants
9079	dust	Substances and Materials	→	puffball	Plants; Mushrooms
9080	smoke	Substances and Materials	→	puffball	Plants; Mushrooms
9087	faeces	Physiology; Substances and Materials	→	puffball	Plants; Mushrooms
9146	pomegranate	Plants; Cultivated Plants	→	garnet	Substances and Materials
9230	mushroom	Plants; Mushrooms	—	cork	Parts of Plants; Substances and Materials
9304	honey	Food and Drinks; Substances and Materials	→	lemon balm (Melissa)	Plants; Herbaceous Plants
9306	grass, herb	Plants; Herbaceous Plants	→	poison, venom	Substances and Materials
9711	gold	Substances and Materials	→	ranunculus	Plants; Herbaceous Plants
9886	gold + apple	Substances and Materials	→	orange (plant)	Plants; Cultivated Plants
10357	silk	Artifacts; Substances and Materials	→	spirogyra	Plants