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Semantic Shifts
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Meaning 1
(gun)powder
<animal>
<artiodactyl (even-toed animal)>
<beverage, drink>
<bird>
<blood-sucking insect>
<body part>
<capricorn beetle>
<clothes>
<container>
<country>
<crockery>
<dish>
<fish>
<foot-wear>
<foreigner>
<fruit>
<furniture>
<god>
<going, walking>
<hat>
<high rank officail in the Catholic Church>
<honorific title>
<horned animal>
<insect>
<military rank>
<mushroom, fungus>
<musician>
<name of person>
<noise>
<numeral>
<orthopteran>
<person of a different faith>
<place name>
<plant (biol.)>
<priest>
<profession>
<rural foot-wear>
<sturgeon>
<swimming bird>
<thorny plant>
<to treat with a sharp instrument>
<tree>
<vessel>
<weapon>
<woman>
<wooden object>
<young animal>
abies (Abies)
above
abundance
acorn
acrobat, equilibrist
act, deed
active
acute (of sound)
Advent
affair
after
again
age
ahead
aim, goal
air
albumen, white of an egg
alder (tree)
algae
alike
alive
almond
Aloe vera (plant)
alone
already
always
amazing
amber
Amorphophallus paeoniifolius
anathema
ancestor
anger
angry
animal
animal bladder
animal yield
ankle bone for playing
ant
antelope
anvil (of a blacksmith)
any
appetite
apple
apricot
Aquarius (constellation)
arbalest, crossbow
arc
armpit
army
arrow
ash (tree)
ashes
aspen
atheist
attack (n.)
attentive
August
aunt
aunt (father's sister)
aunt (mother's brother's wife)
aunt (mother's sister)
autumn
autumn fall of the leaves
awl
axe
babble-tube
back (body part)
back of the axe head
back of the head
backbone
backwards
bad
bad (ethically)
bad weather
badger (Meles)
bald
bamboo sprout
bark (of a tree)
barley
barrel
barrier
basket
bast, the layer under the bark
bastard
bat (Microchiroptera)
bath, pool
bathroom
battle
bead
beak
beam
bean
bear (Ursus)
bear garlic
beard
bearded man
bearded vulture
beautiful
beaver (Castor fiber)
bed
bee
bee swarm
beech
beehive
beetle
before
beginning
behind
bell
bellows
belly
beloved
below, down, bottom part
belt
bench
benediction
berry
big
bile, gall
birch
bird
bird cherry tree
bird Nectarinia gutturalis
bird's foot
birthmark
biscuit, cookie
bishop
bitch
bitter
black
black cloud
black grouse (Lyrurus)
black radish
blacksmith
blade
blind
blind alley
blister
blood
blood vessel
blow
blue
blunt
board, plank
boat
body
body part
bone
bone marrow
book (n.)
boredom
boring
boss
bottom
bottom of a dress
bow (weapon)
bow-legged
bow-string
bowel
bowels, intestine
box, container
boy
brain (cerebrum)
branch, twig
brand, stamp
brave
bread
breast
breathing
brick (n.)
bride
bridegroom
bridge
brilliant, glaring
broken
bronze
brood, hatch
broom
brothel
brother
brother-in-law
brown
brushwood
bud (of a flower)
bud (on a twig)
bug (Heteroptera)
bull
bully
bumblebee
burbot
burdock
burial
bush, shrub
butcher
butterfly
buttock
button (on a dress)
cabbage
cage
calendar
calf (young cow or bull)
calf of a leg
callus, corn
calm
camel
camp
can, to be able
candle
cannon (weapon)
Capricorn
carriage
carrion
carrot
cartilage
cat
catapult
caterpillar
cattle
cauldron
cave
cavity, hollow
ceiling
celery
cell (of honeycomb)
cellar
centre
cereal
chaff
chain (n.)
chalk
chameleon
chatter, idle talk
cheap
cheek
cheek-bone
cheerful
chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium)
chest (body part)
chestnut
child (of age)
child (son or daughter)
chin
China
chip
cholera
chopped billet
Christmas
chum salmon
cigar
circle
citron
clapper of a bell
clasp, buckle
claw
clay
clean (adj.)
clever
closed
clothes
cloud
cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus)
cloudy
clover
club (a weapon)
coal
coast
cock (of a gun)
cockchafer
cockroach
codling moth larva
coffee
coin
cold
Coleus (Plectranthus) rotundifolius
colored leaves
colour
comb
comb (of a bird)
comet
common bullfinch
common chipmunk
common chub
common quail
common reed
common starling
common vole
common, shared
common, shared by several people
companion, partner
complex, complicated
comprehensible
condemned to death
cone (fruit)
conversation
copper
cork
corn crake
corner
corner of the eye
corpse
corral, enclosure for cattle
correct (adj.)
cotton
country, land
couple
court (of a sovereign)
cousin (female, parallel)
cousin (male, cross-)
cover, canopy
cover, lid
cow
coward
cowrie
cradle
craftsman
crane (Grus)
craw (of bird)
crawfish
cricket (insect)
crime
criminal
crocodile
crooked
cross (n.)
crossroads
crow
crown (n.)
cruel
crystal
cuckoo
cucumber
cunning, sly
cupboard, closet
curly-headed
currant-bush
curtain
curved
custom, habit
cuttlefish
dandelion
dandruff
danger
dangerous
dark (adj.)
darkness
date (Phoenix dactylifera)
daughter
daughter-in-law
dawn
day
day after rest
dead (adj.)
deaf
death
debt
deep
deer
dense (forest)
dense, thick (liquid)
descendant
desert (n.)
devil, satan
dew
dialect
diamond
difficult
digit (mathematics)
dinner fork
direction
dirty
disease
dissimilar, distinct
dissolute
distance
diver
do not see
dock-tailed, tailless
doctor, physician
dog
doll
donkey
doomsday
door
dough
dragon
dragonfly
drama (theatre)
dream (during sleep)
drinking vessel
drone
drop (n.)
drug, medicine
drum
drunk
dry
dry season
duck
duckweed
dump
dust
dyer's greenweed (Genista tinctoria)
dysentery
eagle
eagle-owl (Bubo bubo)
ear
ear, spike (of a grain plant)
earlier
early
earnest, serious
earring
earth
earth oven
earth, soil
east
Easter
edge, border
eel (Anguilla anguilla)
egg
eggplant (Solanum melongena)
elbow
elder
elder (Sambucus)
elder brother
elder sister
elephant
elm
ember
empty
end
enemy
engaged, bridegroom
entirely
equal
ermine; stoat (Mustela erminea)
error
erysipelas
eternal
eternity
eunuch
Europe
European blueberry
evening
evil (adj.)
evil spirit
exact
excessive, extra
exchange
executioner
expensive
extinct
eye
eyeball
eyebrow
eyelash
eyelid
fable
face
faeces
fairy tale
faith
falcon
false, wrong
falsified, fake
fame
family
fan (hand-held)
fan palm (Pritchardia pacifica)
fang
far away
farmer
fast (n.)
fat (adj.)(of a person)
fat (n.)
Fat Tuesday
father
fearful, dreadful
feather
fellow traveller
female breast
female calf
fence
ferment, leaven
field
fifth
fin
fine, powder-like
finger-ring
finger/toe
fire
fireplace
firewood
firm, solid
first
first time
firstborn
fish
fishbone
fisherman
fishing float (bobber)
fist
flag
flank (body part)
flat (adj)
flea
flexible
flint
flood, overflow (of the river)
flower
flute
fly (n.)
foam
fontanelle
food
fool
foot
foot-wear
foot/leg
footprint, track
forbidden
ford
forearm
forehead
forelock
forest
fortress
foundation, basement
fourth
fox (Vulpes vulpes)
foxglove (Digitalis L.)
fragile
francolin
frank
frankincense
freckle
free
free of charge
freedom
frequent
fresh
fresh (of water)
Friday
friend
frog
from land to shore
front part
front part of foot
frost
frozen
fruit
full
fun, gaiety
funnel
funny
furuncul
garbage
garden
gardener
garlic (Allium sativum)
gas
gate
general (military)
genuine, true
giant
gilt
Gipsy, Gypsy
girl
glass (material)
gloomy
glue
glutton
gnarl
goal frame (sport)
goat
god
goddess
gold
golden oriole
goldsmith
good
goose
grain, seed
grandchild
grandfather
grandmother
grandparent
granule
grape (plant)
grass
grasshopper (Tettigonioidea)
greasy
great-grandmother
greedy
green
grey
grey-haired
grief, sorrow
grown-up, adult
guest
guilt
guinea fowl
hail
hair
hair (of animals)
hajji
half
hammer
hand
hand/arm
handle, gripe
happiness, luck
happy
harbour
hard
hard, solid
hare (Lepus)
harm, damage
hawk (Accipiter)
hawthorn
haymaking (time)
hazel grouse (Tetrastes bonasia)
hazy, turbid, opaque
he
head
headscarf
health
healthy
heap, pile
heart
heat (n.)
heathen, pagan
heavenly body
heavy (of weight)
hedgehog (Еrinaceus)
heel (of a foot)
height (of a person)
hell
hem (of a skirt)
hen
herald, messenger
here
hermit
herring
high (location)
high (size), tall
hill
hip joint
hippopotamus
history
hoar-frost
hoe
hollow tree
honest
honey
honour
hood
hoof
hook
hoop
horn
hornbeam
horned
horse (Equus caballus)
horseman, rider
hot
hour
house
how many?
human temper, character
hummingbird
hump (of a person or camel)
humpbacked
hungry
hunt (n.), hunting
hunt down
hunter
husband
husband's brother
husband's father
hyena
ice
ide (fish)
idle
idler, loafer
image
immature fish
important
in front of
in the standing position
in vain
incomplete
increase (n.)
inflated
inhabitant
ink
inland
inner side of hide
innocent
insane
inscription
insect
inside
insolent
instrument, tool
intact
interest
internal monologue
iris (anatomy)
iron
island
jackal
jackdaw
jackfruit
jaw
jay
jerboa
Jerusalem artichoke
jester
Jesuit
Jesus Christ
jewel, precious stone
jewelry, precious thing
Jewish
John the Baptist
joint, articulation
joy
juice
jumper
juniper
Jupiter
keen (of senses, mind)
key (of a door)
khash
kidney
kilogram
kind (n.)
kind, good-hearted
kite
kite (lightweight toy)
knee
knife
knot
knowledge
ladle
ladybird
lamb
lame person
lamp
land (vs. sea)
language
lap
lap (of clothes)
last
late
lattice, grid
lavish, generous
lazy
lead, plumbum
leaf
lean
leech
leek
left
left-handed
lemon
length
lenten (fare)
lentil
letter (character)
letter (text)
life
lifting machine
ligament (anat.)
light (n.)
light (of weight)
light, bright, clear
lightning
lily-of-the-valley (Convallaria majalis)
limit
line
lineage
lingonberry
lion (Panthera leo)
lip
liquid (adj.)
literally
little finger
little, small
liver
loach (fish, Misgurnus)
lock (n.)
locked
loins
long (period of time)
long (size)
long ago
long-armed
look (n.)
lord
lost
lot
lotus
loud
louse
love
low (location)
low (size)
low (social)
lower part
lower reach (of river)
luck
lung
lyre
mad
magical remedy
magpie (Pica pica)
maize
makara
male (animal)
man (male)
man with a big moustache
mane
mango
mangy, scabby
manufacturer, producer
many, much
many-coloured, motley
maple
mare
market
Mars
marten
Mary, mother of Jesus
mask
mat
May
meadow
meadow-sweet
meandering, winding
meaningless
measure of weight
meat
meek
melancholy
melody, tune
melon (Cucumis melo)
memory
mental hospital
merchant
Mercury
messenger
metal
metal spike
middle
midnight
midwife
milk
mill (n.)
millet
mind (n.)
mine (underground tunnel)
mint (coins producing)
miracle
mirror
miserable, unhappy
misfortune
missing, failing
mist, fog
mistress of a house
mobile
moisture
molar (tooth)
mold
mole (Talpa)
monarch
Monday
money
monitor lizard
monk
monkey
monster (abnormal creature)
monster (supernatural)
moon
moose
morning
mortal
mortar (bowl)
mosquito, gnat
moss
mother
Mount Meru
mountain
mountain pass
mouse
moustache
mouth
mud
muddy, turbid (of water) (?)
muksun
mule
muscle
mushroom
mute, dumb
muzzle
nail (body part)
nail (metal spike)
naked, bare
name
nameless
nap, shag (of a carpet)
nape
narrow
narrow, close
nature
nausea
navel
navy
near
necessary
neck
needle
needle-leaved forest
neighbour
nelma
nephew
nest (n.)
nestling, baby bird
net (n.)
nettle (Urtica)
new
new year
news
next
night
night-blindness
nightingale
nimble, deft, quick
no
noble
noise
noon
North
nose
nostril
not to do
novice
now
number
nun
nurse
nut, hazel
oak
oar
oat
objection, contradiction
ocean
ochre
official (n.)
offspring
often
oil (food)
old (vs. new)
old (vs. young)
old man
old man/grandfather
old woman
olive (Olea europaea)
omen
one (unit)
one hundred thousand
one's own
onion
only, just
open (adj.)
open-eyed
opening, hole
opposite
ordinary, common
organ (anatomy)
orphan
other
otter (Lutra lutra)
outwards
overcoat
owl
owner
owner (female)
owre, buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)
ox
page
pain
paint, dye (n.)
pair of compasses
palace
palate
pale
palm (body part)
pandanus
paper
part
participant in the ritual wedding procession
partridge
pass (document allowing admission)
patch
paw
pawn (in chess)
pea
peach
peacock
pear
pearl
peled
pelican (Pelecanus)
pellicle, membrane
pen (for writing)
penis
people (pl.)
people, nation
perch (Perca fluviatilis)
pericarp of a lotus
period of time
permission
person
person of small stature
pharaoh
pheasant
phosphorus
piece
pig (Sus scrofa)
pigeon (Columba)
piglet
pike (fish)
pillar
pillow
pilot sucker
pimple
pine-tree
pineapple
pink
pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha)
piper (musician)
pit
place
plait, braid
plant (biol.)
plate (a serving dish)
pleasure
Pleiades
plough, ard
plum
pocket
pockmarked
poet
poetry
poison
poisonous
polar night
pole (long stick)
police officer
pomegranate
poor, needy
pope
poplar (Populus alba)
poppy (Papaver somniferum)
porcelain
pot
potato
power, authority
powerless
prayer (text)
precipice, abyss
precipitous
predator
pregnant
present, gift
price
prickly, thorned
priest (Christianity)
priest's wife
prison
promise (n.)
prophet
proud
proverb
pumpkin
puppy (of a dog)
pure
pus
push button
queen
quick
quiet (vs. loud)
quince
race, ethnos
radish
rag, duster (?)
rain
rainbow
rainbow smelt
rake
ram
Ranunculus
rare
raspberry
raven
ravine
raw
ray
ready
rear
red
redfin dace
reed
reflection (in the mirror, water)
reindeer
resin, tar
respect (n.)
respected, venerable
rest (n.)
resurrection
revenge
rhinoceros
rhombus
rib
rice
rich
ridgepole
right (vs. left)
ring finger
river
road
robbery
rock, crag, cliff
rolling-pin
roof
room
rooster
root (of a plant)
root vegetable
rope, string, cord, lashing
rose
rose apple (Syzygium)
rotten
rough wool
rough, uneven
round (adj.)
rowan
rubber
rude, impolite
ruff
runner
rupture, hernia
rural
rush (plant)
Russian
rust (n.)
rusty
rut
rye
sabbath
sable
sack, bag
sacred, holy
sad
saddle
sadness
saffron
Sagittarius
sail (n.)
saint
Saint George’s Day
salt
salty
Samsara
sand
sated by food
sati (Hindu practice)
satiated, full
Saturday
Saturn
saw
scale, squama
scales, weighing machine
scanty, not numerous
scissors
scorpion
screen, cover
screw, screw-bolt
sea
seagull
seal, stamp
season (of the year)
seat, chair
second (num.)
sediment
self
sensitive (instrument)
separate (adj.)
servant
seven
seventy
shadberry
shade
shadow
shadow theatre
shahada
shallow
shame
shape, form
shapeless
shark
sharp
sharp point
sharpshooter
sheath
sheep
sheet of paper
shell (of mollusc)
shepherd
Shevat
shield
shin
shine (n.)
ship, vessel
shirt
shoal
shooter
short (size)
short, brief
shoulder
shoulder pole
shoulder-blade, scapula
shout, scream
shrike
shrimp, prawn
shuttle (weaving instrument)
sick, ill
sickle
side (n.)
sieve (n.)
sign, designation
silence
silent
silver
simple
simultaneously
sin
single-eyed
sister
sister's husband
sixth
sizing tool
skeleton
skill
skin (of a person)
skin (of an animal)
skirt
skull
sky
slaughter
sleeping
sleeve
sling (weapon)
slow (adj.)
smell (n.)
smoke
smooth
snail
snake
snot
snout
snow
snowball tree, guelder-rose, viburnum
snub-nosed
soaked in sauce
sod (stratum of soil)
soft (adj.)
soldier
sole, unique
solid crust on snow
solid, entire, continuous
son
son-in-law
soon
sooner
soot
sorghum
soul
sound
sour
source (of a river)
soured milk
South
space
spade, shovel
spark
sparrow
sparse
spawn, roe
spear
sphere; ball
spice
spicy
spinach (Spinacia)
spindle
spine, backbone
spirit (supernatural being)
spleen (anat.)
splinter (wood fragment)
spoke of wheel
spool
spoon
spot, stain
spotted
spring (season)
spring, fountain
spruce (Picea)
spur (for horse)
square (geometrical)
square (in a town)
squint-eyed
squirrel (Sciurus)
St. Andrew
stable
stairs, ladder
stallion
stamen
stammerer
standart-bearer
star
state, situation
steam, vapour
steel
steep
stem (of a plant)
step (of a staircase, step-ladder)
step, pace
stepfather
steppe, plain
stepson
sterlet
stick (n.)
sticky
still (adv.)
sting (n.)
stingy
stomach
stone (material)
stone (of a fruit)
stone (piece of rock)
stop, stand (n.)
stopper, plug
storehouse; depo
stork (Ciconia)
storm
story
stove
straight
strange
stranger, foreign
straw
street
strength
string (of a musical instrument)
strong
strong (of liquid or smell)
stubborn
stump (of tree)
stupid
sty (on the eye)
substitute
sucker-fish (Catostomidae)
sudden
suddenly
suffocation
sulfur
summer
sun
sunbeam
Sunday
sunflower
swallow (bird)
swamp
swan
sweat
sweet (taste)
sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)
sweet-smelling, fragrant
sweetheart
swelling (on skin)
sword
syllable
synagogue
table, desk
tablecloth
tadpole
Tahitian chestnut
tail
tail fat (of sheep)
tailed
tailor's thimble
talkative person
tall person
tamarind
tambourine
tank (closed container for liquids)
tapir
taro
tart (taste)
taste (n.)
tasteless
tasty
tea
teacher
tears
ten
ten thousand
tender (adj.)
tendon
term of address to a married woman
Thai crape myrtle
there
thick
thick (of a growth, hair)
thief
thigh / hip
thin (of an object)
thing
third
this way, like this
thorn
thousand
thread
three times
threshold
throat
thrush
thumb
thunder
tick (Acarina)
tiger
tight, taut
time
time (instanse)
tin (n.)
to accompany (music)
to accuse, blame
to ache
to add
to adorn, decorate
to anchor
to answer
to appear, emerge
to approach suddenly
to approach, come near
to ask (for)
to ask, inquire
to attach to
to attack
to awaken, wake up
to baptize
to bark
to be angry
to be ashamed
to be awake
to be born
to be busy, to act
to be carried out
to be eager
to be engaged in commerce
to be extinguished (light)
to be friends
to be glad, happy
to be guilty
to be in a hurry
to be in time
to be in vertical position, to stand
to be inclined
to be jealous
to be separated
to be stupid
to be surprised
to be tied
to be, exist
to become
to become better
to become blind
to become clear
to become curved
to become deaf
to become dumb
to become flat
to become full
to become infected
to become sober
to become tight
to become visible
to become warm
to begin (tr.)
to behave decently
to behave in a wrong way
to believe in
to bend
to bend, bow (intr.)
to beware, be careful
to bind
to bite
to blink (by eyes)
to blossom
to blow
to blow (about wind)
to blow off
to blow one's nose
to boil (intr.)
to bow down
to braid, plait, weave
to break (intr.)
to break (tr.)
to breathe
to breathe heavily
to bridle
to bring
to bring to order
to build
to burn (intr.)
to burn (tr.)
to burst, break
to bury
to butt, to hit with the horns
to buy
to cackle, to cluck
to calculate, count
to calk, caulk
to call
to calm down
to care for, look after
to carry
to carry out
to cast (e.g. metal)
to castrate, geld
to catch
to catch fire
to catch up
to cease to be bent
to change (tr.)
to change money
to charm, to delight
to check, test
to chew
to choke
to choose
to clean
to clench fist
to close one's eyes
to clothe
to coagulate, curdle
to collapse
to come
to come loose (of rope, belt)
to compare
to conjure
to consume alcoholic beverages
to contain
to cook (prepare food)
to cool down (intr.)
to cope (with)
to copulate
to correct
to cough
to cover
to cover ears
to crackle
to crawl
to creak
to croak
to cross a river
to cry (of animals)
to cry, weep
to cure, treat (medically)
to cut
to cut (tr.)
to cut one's hair
to cut out
to dance
to dawn
to debauch
to deceive
to decline from the route
to decorticate, debark
to decrease (water level)
to defeat, win
to defecate
to defend
to dense
to deprive
to destroy, annihilate
to die
to differ, to make distinction
to dig
to digest (food)
to dilute
to diminish
to disappear
to disdain
to dislocate (of a joint)
to dissolve in liquid (tr.)
to dive
to divide into several parts
to do
to doubt
to drag
to draw water
to draw, paint
to dream while sleeping
to dress leather
to dress someone (tr.)
to drill
to drink
to drive, to force to move on
to drop (of liquid)
to drop (tr.)
to duck
to dye
to eat
to emerge from the water
to emit smoke
to encircle, surround
to end, finish
to endure
to enjoy
to enter
to envy
to equalize
to establish, found
to explain
to extinguish
to extract a thorn
to fall (of rain, snow)
to fall asleep
to fall down
to fasten, to rope
to fear
to feed
to feel
to feel hunger
to feel pity
to feel shy, embarrassed
to feel thirsty
to fence
to fight, scuffle
to fight, to be at war
to fill (tr.)
to find
to fish
to flap, wave
to flap, wave (hands)
to float
to flow
to flow into
to fly
to fly away
to fly up
to follow each other
to follow, go after smb.
to forge
to forget
to forgive
to freeze, be cold
to freeze, to congeal
to gamble
to gather in the crops
to gather, collect
to get accustomed
to get dark
to get dry
to get information
to get mouldy (musty)
to get moving
to get on well, be on good terms
to get stuck
to get tired
to get wet
to get, obtain
to give
to give birth
to glorify
to gnaw
to go apart, in various directions
to go around
to go away
to go down
to go out
to go through
to go up
to go upstream
to go, walk
to grasp, seize
to graze
to greet
to grind (with the pestle)
to grow (plants)
to grow heavy
to grow numb
to grow up
to guess
to hang
to hang (tr.)
to harness
to hate, to dislike
to have fun
to have opinion
to have smell
to have, possess
to hear
to hear / to listen
to heat up
to help, aid
to hew
to hide (tr.)
to hinder
to hiss
to hit the target
to hold (in hands)
to hope
to howl
to hug, embrace
to hunt
to increase (tr.)
to inflate (intr.)
to inform, let know
to inhabit, live
to insert
to intend
to intoxicate
to itch
to join together (tr.)
to joke
to judge
to jump into the water
to keep, preserve, retain
to kick
to kill
to kiss
to knead
to knock
to knock down
to know
to know how
to laugh
to launch a boat
to lead
to lean on/against
to learn, study
to leave
to leave behind
to lengthen
to let
to let go
to let someone get ahead
to let, leave
to lick
to lie (posture)
to lie down
to light, to kindle (the fire)
to line up
to listen
to live, be alive
to load
to look
to look asquint
to look inside
to lose
to lose (an object)
to lose colour
to lose one's way
to love
to lower, put down
to make a bonfire
to make a hole
to make a mistake, be wrong
to make alive, to give life
to make big, large
to make black
to make deaf
to make empty
to make hard
to make noise
to make real
to make sausage
to make sb look at smth
to make scratches
to make sit
to make smb/smth light (of weight)
to make soft
to make stand
to make, create
to marry
to measure
to meet
to meet (each other)
to melt, to thaw
to milk
to mill
to miss somebogy, to long for
to miss the target
to mix, stir
to move
to move (intr.)
to move away
to move down (tr.)
to move quickly
to move, to shift, to transfer
to nail
to name
to need
to neigh
to nomadize
to open (tr.)
to open a mouth
to overflow
to overpass the mountain passage
to overstep
to pass (of time)
to pass by
to pasture, shepherd
to pay
to peck (of a bird)
to peel off (about skin)
to penetrate, get into
to perceive smell
to pick, pull up (a plant)
to pierce
to pinch
to place in front of
to play (a musical instrument)
to play (intr.)
to plough
to plunge
to point
to poke, thrust
to pound (of the pulse)
to pour
to practice witchcraft
to praise
to pray
to precede, come first
to prepare
to present, gift
to press down
to prohibit
to promise
to prop up
to prove, to argue
to pull ashore
to pull hair
to pull up (a plant)
to pull, to draw
to pursue
to push
to put
to put into
to put into the ground
to put on
to put out
to put out one’s toungue
to put shoes on
to put together
to quarrel
to raise, lift (tr.)
to reach
to read
to rear up
to refuse
to regret
to rein in
to rejoice
to relieve
to relocate
to remain, stay
to remember
to remind
to repaire, to mend
to repeat
to resemble, be alike
to respect
to rest
to result in
to return (intr.)
to return (tr.)
to revere
to ride (e.g., a horse)
to ride a surfboard
to ring
to ripen
to rise (of Moon, Sun)
to rivet
to roast
to rotate (tr.)
to row (with oars)
to rub
to run
to run away
to run out (of smth)
to run wild
to sail
to sail into harbour
to salt
to saw
to say
to scald
to scratch (when itches)
to scratch (with nails)
to sculpt in clay
to seal (a document)
to search, to look for
to see/to look at
to seem
to sell
to separate
to set (of Moon, Sun)
to set upright
to sew
to shake
to shake off
to shave
to shear
to shed leaves
to shine
to shine, glitter
to shoot
to shout
to show, indicate
to shrink
to shut, close
to sing
to sink (tr.)
to sink into
to sit
to sit down
to skin, flay
to slaughter (cattle)
to sleep
to slide
to slow, linger
to smear, anoint
to smell bad
to smile
to smoke (tobacco)
to smooth
to snore
to soil, make dirty
to solve (a problem)
to sow
to speak
to spell
to spend (money)
to spit
to spoil (intr.)
to spoil (tr.)
to spring, jump
to sprinkle
to squeak
to squeeze
to stab with a spear
to stand
to stand in front
to stand still
to stand up
to steal
to steer a vessel
to step on
to stick (to a surface), to adhere
to sting
to stop (intr.)
to stop (tr.)
to stop moving
to straighten
to strain
to strengthen
to strew
to strike, hit
to struggle
to stumble
to suck
to suffer
to suffer from hunger
to suffice, be enough
to swallow
to sway
to swear (an oath)
to sweat
to sweep
to swell up
to swim
to systematize
to take
to take away, carry away
to take off (tr.)
to take out
to take prisoner
to tame
to tan (hides)
to taste
to teach
to tear apart
to tear off, peel off
to tear, rend
to tell a person's fortune
to tell lie
to temper (iron)
to think
to threaten
to thresh (grain)
to throw
to throw on the ground
to thrust (into)
to tickle
to tie
to tin
to touch
to transit
to travel
to tread
to tremble
to trust / to believe in
to try, to attempt
to turn back to look at smth.
to turn into (tr.)
to turn over
to turn round
to turn sour
to turn, rotate (intr.)
to turn, rotate (tr.)
to twist (a rope)
to understand
to undress (intr.)
to undress (tr.)
to unfold, unwind
to unite
to unload, download
to untie, unbind
to untwist, unscrew (intr.)
to uproot
to use
to vomit
to wait
to wake up (intr.)
to walk, to go
to walk, wander
to want
to warm up
to wash
to watch, look after
to water (plants)
to water, to give water
to wave (of water)
to weaken (intr.)
to weaken, loosen
to weigh (tr.)
to wet, moisten
to whet
to whip
to whisper
to whistle
to winnow
to wipe
to wither
to work
to worry, be agitated
to wound (tr.)
to write
to yawn
toad
tobacco
together
tomb
tongue (body part)
tooth
top of the head
top, upper part
top/crown (of a tree)
torch
torn
torso
tortoise, turtle
touched
tower
toy
trace
transparent
transversal, crosscut
trap, snare (n.)
tree
trench
triangle
tribe
tribunal
trick, hocus-pocus
troop (of animals)
trough
truck, lorry
true sedge (Carex)
truffle
trumpet
trunk (of a tree)
trunk, proboscis (of elephant)
trust, confidence
truth
tube, pipe
tuber
tuberculosis
tundra
turbid
Turk
turkey
turmeric (Curcuma)
turnip
tusk (of animal)
twelve
twin
two
ugly, unpleasant
umbrella
unbroken horse
uncle
uncle (father's brother)
uncle (mother's brother)
uncultivated, unprocessed
under age
under, below
underground, subterranean
underwear
uninhabited (place)
union
unit of length
unknown
unpleasant
unprofitable
unripe (fruit)
upper arm
upper reach (of river)
upside down
urban
urine
useless thing
uterus
vagina
varicose veins
vegetable marrow
vehicle
Venus
vessel
vinegar
vineyard
violent
virgin
visible
vocation
voice
vulture
wagtail (Motacilla)
waist
wampum
war
warm
warp
wart
wasp
watch, clock
water
water vole
water with honey
water-melon (Cucurbita citrullus)
waterfall
wave
wax
weak
weasel (Mustella nivalis)
weather
wedge
weed
weft, woof
well-being
West
western capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus)
western swamphen
wet
whale
what?
wheat
wheel
wheeze
when
whip
whirlpool
whisper
white
whore
wick
wide, broad
width
wife
wife's brother
wild boar
wild sow
wild, untamed
will
willow
wind
window
wine
wing
winnowing fan
winter
wire (n.)
witch, sorceress
with exception of
witness
wizard, magician
wolf
woman
womb
wood shavings
wood, timber
wood-louse
wooden object
woodland spirit
woodpecker
word
work (n.)
world
worm
wound (n.)
wrist
yam
yard, courtyard
year
yellow
yesterday
yew
yoke
yolk
young
young animal
young person
younger brother
younger sibling
younger sister
Yule
zebra
zenith
zero
Meaning 2
100 units of currency
24 hours
<alcoholic drink>
<berry>
<bird>
<capricorn beetle>
<clothes>
<cold steel>
<colour>
<curse>
<disease>
<ethnic group>
<exclamation of surprise, pain or sorrow>
<expletive>
<expression of anger>
<female animal>
<fish>
<foreigner>
<god>
<insect>
<military rank>
<money>
<mushroom, fungus>
<negative evaluation>
<not fully cooked meal>
<office>
<orthopteran>
<plant (biol.)>
<positive evaluation>
<priest>
<ready meal>
<salmon>
<small artifact>
<sturgeon>
<swimming bird>
<term of address to a man>
<term of address to a woman>
<term of address with endearment>
<term of respectful address among equals>
<thorny plant>
<weapon>
<young plant>
abberation of mind
abies (Abies)
ability
aborigine
about
abscess
abstinent (from alcohol)
abundance
accident
accomplice
according to
ace (playing card)
acid
aconite
acorn
act, deed
active
acute (disease, condition)
acute (of sound)
Adam's apple
additional
address (description of the location)
adulterer
advantage
advice
aër (veil covering vessels in the Orthodox Church)
aesthetic perception
affair
after
afterbirth
afterworld
again
age
age group
ahead
aim, goal
air
airplane
ajvar (vegetable dish)
albugo, wall-eye
albumen, white of an egg
alder (tree)
algae
all, whole
almost
Aloe vera (plant)
already
alternate-leaved golden-saxifrage
although
aluminium
amazing
ambush
American
ancestor
anchor
anemone (Anemone)
angel
anger
angry
Anguis fragilis
animal
ankle
annoying
ant
anteater
anthrax
anvil bone
anxious
any
apartment, flat
appearance; look
appetite
approximately
April
Aquarius (constellation)
Arctic fox
armpit
army
arrogance
arrogant
arrow
arrow fletching
arterial
artery
artichoke
ash (tree)
Asiatic dock
asleep
aspen
asphodel
assistant
astringent
attack of disease
attentive
auger, gimlet
August
aunt (father's brother's wife)
aunt (father's sister)
aunt (mother's brother's wife)
aunt (mother's sister)
automobile
autumn
award
away
awl
awn
axe
axle
baby
back (body part)
back of the axe head
back of the head
back vowels (linguistics)
backdrop (visual)
bad
bad (ethically)
bad luck
bad person
bad weather
badger (Meles)
balance weight on scale
bald
bald spot
bald-coot (Fulica atra)
bank, shore
barbel
barberry
bare (feet)
bareback
bark (of a tree)
barrel (of a gun)
barren (of animals)
base (geometry)
base for beheading
basis
basket
bass, low-pitched voice
bast, the layer under the bark
bastard
bat (Microchiroptera)
battering-ram
battle
bead
beak
beam
bean
bear (Ursus)
bearded vulture
bearing (mechanical device)
beautiful
beautiful girl
beaver (Castor fiber)
because of
bed
bed canopy
bed-clothes
bedbug (Cimex lectularius)
bedding (padding)
bee swarm
beech
beehive
beet (Beta vulgaris)
beetle
before
beggartick
beginning
behaviour
behind
belemnite
bell
bellflower (Campanula)
belly
beloved
belt
bend (of a river)
benefit
berry
best
best part of something
betrothal, engagement
better
big
bile, gall
birch
birch bolete (Leccinum scabrum)
bird
bird cherry tree
birthmark
bishop (chess)
bit (part of horse harness)
Bitis arietans
bitter
bitterling
bittern (Botaurus)
black
black cloud
black grouse
black grouse (Lyrurus)
black radish
blackberry
blackcurrant
blacksmith
blackthorn
blade
blank
blanket
blind
blizzard
blonde
blood
blood vessel
bloodletting
blue
blueflag (Iris)
blunt
body
body of water
body part
Boletus edulis
bone
bone marrow
book (n.)
book spine
boring
boss
bothering
bottle
bottom
boundary (of land plots)
bouquet
bourrache (Borago)
bow (weapon)
bow, fiddlestick
bow-string
bowels, intestine
boy
bracelet
braid (of hair)
brain (cerebrum)
bran
branch (of a river)
branch, twig
brass
brave
brave person
bread
breakfast
bream (Abramis)
breaststroke
breathing
breed
bribe
bride
bridegroom
bridge
bridge (of musical imstrument)
brief
bronze
broth
brother-in-law
brown
bruise
buckthorn (Frangula)
buckwheat
bud (of a flower)
bud (on a twig)
bug (Heteroptera)
bulb (of plant)
bullet
bullhead
bully
bumblebee
burner
burrow (of animal)
burstwort (herniaria)
bush, shrub
but, however
butt of the rifle
butterfly
butterfly fish
buttock
button (on a dress)
buttonquail
by heart
byte
caecum (intestinum)
cage
calendar
calf of a leg
calm
camomile
can, to be able
cannabis
cannon (weapon)
cap peak
cape
Capricorn
capsule (pharmacy)
captive
carabus (Carabus)
caraway (meridian fennel)
carrot
cartilage
case (grammar)
caste
castor bean (Ricinus communis)
cat
cat's-foot (Antennaria)
catamaran
cataract (of the eye)
caterpillar
caterpillar track
catkin
catnip (Nepeta cataria)
cattle
caul, amniotic sac
cause, reason
cautious
cavity, hollow
ceiling
celebrity
cell (in biology)
cell (of a political party, organization)
cell (of honeycomb)
cemetery
censer
centre
centrifuge
chaff
chaffinch
chain (n.)
chalk
champion, winner
chanterelle
chapter (of a book)
charger, cartridge clip
charr (Salvelinus)
chatter, idle talk
cheap
cheek
cheerful
cheerful mood
chest (body part)
chestnut
child (of age)
child (son or daughter)
child before baptism
children
chin
Chionactis occipitalis
chisel
chord (geometry)
chord (music)
Christmas
chrysalis
cigarette butt
cinema
cipher, code
circular halo
city block
clandestine activity
clapper of a bell
clasp, buckle
class, lesson
classical
classifier for spherical objects
clavicle
claw
claw (of a crustacean)
clay
clean (adj.)
clever
clew
clitoris
close (of relations)
closed
clot of blood
clothes
cloud
cloudy
clove (of a garlic)
clove, segment
club (a weapon)
club-rush (Scirpus)
clubs (in cards)
clumsy
coast
coati
cobalt (metal)
coccyx, tailbone
cock (of a gun)
cockchafer
cockroach
codfish
coffin
coin
cold
cold (disease)
collar
collarbone
colour
columbine (Aquilegia)
comb
comb (of a bird)
comet
comfortable
commerce, business
commodity, goods
common bullfinch
common buttercup (Ranunculus acris)
common chipmunk
common fumitory (Fumaria officinalis)
common melilot (Melilotus officinalis)
common minnow
common quail
common redstart
common reed
common roach
common starling
compass (mariners' directional tool)
competent
completion
complex, complicated
complexion
compliant, pliable
comprehensible
computer
computer mouse
condom
cone (fruit)
conscience
consequence
consequently
continent
contract
contract, treaty
conversation
copper
core (of plant)
corn crake
cornel
corner
cornflower (Centaurea)
corpse
correct (adj.)
cotton wool
country, land
coup d'état, revolution
courage
court (of a sovereign)
cousin (female, parallel)
cousin (male)
cousin (male, cross-)
cousin (male, parallel)
cover (of a book)
cover, lid
coward
cowrie
cradle
cranberry (Oxycoccus)
craw (of bird)
cream (of milk)
creditor
crested lark
criminal
crocodile
crossbill (Loxia)
crossroads
crow
crowd (of people)
crucian
cruel
cuckold
cultivated (of person)
cunning person
cunning, sly
cupola, dome
curtain
curve, turn (of road)
custom, habit
cuttlefish
cypress
dairy
daisy (Bellis)
dance (n.)
dandelion
danger
dangerous
dark (adj.)
dark blue
dark-skinned
date
date (Phoenix dactylifera)
daughter
daughter's husband
daughter-in-law
day
daydream (n.)
dead (adj.)
deadlock
deaf
dear, darling
death
deceased
December
deck (of a ship)
deep
deer
defect
defender
definition
degree (unit of measurement)
delicate, subtle (person, question etc.)
den (of thieves etc.)
dense (forest)
dense, thick (liquid)
deprived of, lacking
descendant
desert (n.)
destiny
detailed, thorough
devil, satan
dew
diamonds (in cards)
diaphragm
dictionary
difficult
digit (mathematics)
dimple
dinner
dinner fork
direction
dirty
disease
disgrace
disgusting
dishonest
disorder, mess
dispute, discussion
distance
distilled alcohol
distressing event
diver
doctor, physician
document (n.)
dog
dog-rose
doll
domestic (animal)
donut
door
door bolt
doorpost
dough
downriver
dowry
dragon
dragonfly
drama (theatre)
draught animal
drinking vessel
drug, medicine
drunk
drunkard
dry (wine)
dry season
duffer
dung
dung-beetle
dust
duty, responsibility
dwarf
eagle
ear
ear, spike (of a grain plant)
earlier
early
earnest, serious
earth, soil
earthworm
East
eater
eclipse
edge, border
eel (Anguilla anguilla)
effeminate
egg
eggplant (Solanum melongena)
Egyptian vulture
elbow
elder
elder (Sambucus)
elder brother
elder brother's wife
elder sister
electric lamp
electrical fan
electricity
elephant
elm
embroidery on the hem
eminent man
emotionless
empty
Emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae)
end
ending (in grammar)
enemy
Englishman
enough
enthusiastic person
entire
environment
epidemic
equal
ermine; stoat (Mustela erminea)
error
erysipelas
essence
ethnic group
eunuch
Eurasian hoopoe
Eurasian nuthatch
Eurasian scops owl
Eurasian skylark
Eurasian wryneck
european kingfisher (Alcedo atthis)
European robin
European whitefish
evening
event, occurrence
evident
evil (adj.)
evil eye
evil spirit
exact
exactly
expensive
experience of great suffering
experienced
extortioner
eye
eye (of potato)
eye of a needle
eye of typhoon
eye socket
eyebright (Euphrasia officinalis)
eyebrow
eyelash
eyelid
face
faeces
falcon
fallen woman
false, wrong
falsified, fake
fame
family
famous
fan (hand-held)
fan (sport)
fanatic
fang
far away
farm laborer
farmer
fascicle (cluster of flowers or berries)
fast (n.)
fat (adj.) (of food)
fat (adj.)(of a person)
father
father-in-law
fatless
fearful, dreadful
feast
feast (at a table)
feather
feathering
February
female breast
female maral
female servant, maid
fenugreek
ferment, leaven
fertile (soil)
fetters
fetus
fever
few
fibres prepared for spinning
fibula (anat.)
field bindweed
field sowthistle
fieldfare
fig
fighter plane
figuratively
figure, stature
film, movie
fin
fine, powder-like
finger-ring
finger/toe
fire
fire-arms
firearm
firebug, Pyrrhocoris apterus
firefly
firewood
fireworks
firm, solid
first
fishbone
five
five-finger (Potentilla)
flag
flagellate
flank (military)
flat (adj)
flatbread
flattery
flatus
flea
flexible
floor (vs. ceiling)
flower
flower cup
flute
fly (n.)
fly agaric (Amanita muscaria)
flying fish
foam
follower (of guru, leader)
fontanelle
food
fool
foot-wear
foot/leg
footprint, track
forehead
foreign
foreskin
forest
forget-me-not (flower)
fortress
foster-father
foundation ditch
founder
fox (Vulpes vulpes)
foxglove (Digitalis L.)
frank
fraud, cheat
fraudster
fraught with consequences
freak, oddity
freckle
free
free of charge
frequent
fresh
fresh (of water)
Friday
fried eggs
friend
friendly, amicable
frivolous
frog
from the top to the bottom of the mountain
front (during the war)
front leg
front part
frost
fruit pulp
full age
full stop
funny
furious
furnace
future
galloon
garbage
garden
garden bed
garlic (Allium sativum)
garlic-scented agaric
gas
gay
Gemini (constellation)
generation
genitalia
genuine, true
geometrid
german (brother or sister)
giant
giant panda
gills
giraffe
girl
girth
glad
glass (material)
glasswort
glaucoma
globeflower
globus cruciger
gloomy
glutton
goal (sport result)
god
goddess
godmother
gold
goldcrest
golden oriole
goldenrod
goldfinch (Carduelis)
good
good manners
good weather
gooseberry
gossiper
grain, seed
grandchild
granddaughter
grandfather
grandmother
grandparent
grandson
grass
grasshopper (Tettigonioidea)
gratuity
grave
great
great bilberry (Vaccinium uliginosum)
greater celandine
greediness
greedy
green
grey
grey hair
grey-haired
grimace
group of men
grown-up, adult
guava (Psidium guajava)
guileful, crafty person
guilty
guinea fowl
guinea pig (Cavia porcellus)
gulf
gum, gingiva
habit
hail
hair
hair (of animals)
half
hammer bone, malleus
hand (of a clock)
hand grenade
hand/arm
handful
handle, gripe
handwriting
happiness, luck
happy
hard, solid
hard-working, laborious
hardship
hare (Lepus)
harrow
harvest
harvest time
hatched egg without embryo
having no milk
hawkweed (Hieracium)
hawthorn
haystack
hazel grouse (Tetrastes bonasia)
head
heading, title
headlight (of a car)
headstream
healed
health
healthy
hearing
heart
hearts (in cards)
heat (n.)
heathen, pagan
heavy (of weight)
hedgehog (Еrinaceus)
heel (of a shoe)
heel (of bread)
height (of a person)
hell
helmet
help, aid (n.)
hemlock (plant)
hemorrhoids
henbane
hepatitis
herald, messenger
herd
heron
Heterodon nasicus
heterosexual
high (size), tall
high-pitched
hill
hinge
hippopotamus
history
hoar-frost
hoarse
hoe
holiday
homosexual
honest
honey
honey mushroom (Armillaria mellea)
honeycomb
honeysuckle
honour
hood (of car)
hoof
hooligan
horn
hornet
horse (Equus caballus)
horse-bird
horse-fly (Tabanidae)
horseshoe
horsetail, equisetum
hose
host
hostile
hot
hot-tempered
hour
house
house spirit
how many?
human temper, character
hummel, hornless
hump (of a person or camel)
humpbacked
hungry
hunt (n.), hunting
husband
husband's brother
husband's elder brother
hybrid
hyena
hypocrite, dissembler
hypotenuse
I
ice
ice-crusted ground
ide (fish)
idle
idler, loafer
if
ignorant
illegal
illiterate
immediately
implement for ramming
impolite
important
importunate
impossible
impudence
impudent
impulsive
in addition to
in vain
inattentive person
incantation, spell
inclination to smth
incomprehensible
index finger
indifferent
industrious, diligent person
inert, passive
inevitable
inexperienced
infertile (soil)
inflammation
influential person
informer
inheritance
innocent
insane
insect
inside
insolent
instant, moment
instead of
instep
institution
instrument, tool
insulting
intact
intellect
intensive
interest (finance)
interval
intestinal worm
intrigue
iris (anatomy)
iron
iron (for pressing clothes)
island
isthmus
it's a pity
jack (playing card)
jackal
jackdaw
jamb (of a door, window)
January
Japanese
jaw
jay
jerboa
jewel, precious stone
Jewish
joiner; cabinetmaker
joint, articulation
joke
journal, magazine
July
June
Jupiter
just now
keel
keen (of senses, mind)
key (of a door)
keystone
kidney
kind (n.)
kind, good-hearted
kindergarten
king (a playing card)
kinkajou
kinship
kite (lightweight toy)
knee
knee-cap
kneepit
knife
knight (chess)
knot
koala
lady
lady's slipper (Cypripedium)
ladybird
lair
lake
lame person
lamprey (Petromyzontidae)
Lampropeltis triangulum
land (vs. sea)
language
lap
lapwing (Vanellus)
larch
large quantity
larva
last
late
latitude
lavish, generous
layer
laziness
lazy
lazy person
lead, plumbum
leaf
leaf (of door, window)
leaf spring
leafy tops of root vegetables
lean
leech
leeward
left
left (political)
leg (furniture)
lemon balm
lenient
lens
lenten (fare)
leper
leprosy
lesbian
letter (character)
letter (text)
lie (n.), untruth
lier
life
lifting machine
light, bright, clear
light-headed
lightning
lily-of-the-valley (Convallaria majalis)
limit
line (in poetry)
lion (Panthera leo)
liquid
listener
literacy
little finger
little, small
livelihood
lively person
liver
lizard
loach (fish, Misgurnus)
location of emotions
lock (n.)
log
loins
long (period of time)
long (size)
long ago
long-fibred flax (Linum usitatissimum)
longitude
look (n.)
loop
lose weight
loud
louse
love
low (size)
low (social)
lower part
lumpen
lung
lynx
macereed (Typha)
magic
magnet
main
maize
male (animal)
malignant (of tumor)
man (male)
mandrel (technology)
mane
manner, way
mantis
many, much
many-coloured, motley
maple
marble goby (Oxyeleotris marmorata)
March
mark, grade (at school)
marmot
married
Mars
marten
martyr
mask
match
match (for fire)
matchmaker
mattress
May
may, to be allowed
meal (process)
meaning, sense
meaningless
means
measles
measure of volume
measure of weight
meat
meat jelly
mediator
medlar
medusa, jellyfish
meek
meeting of witches
melody, tune
melon (Cucumis melo)
member
member of criminal organisation
member of religious organisation
memory
menstruation
merchant
mercury
mesentery
metal
metalworker
meteor shower
meteorite
meter (device)
middle
middle finger
middle of nowhere, periphery
midwife
milk
milk-tooth, deciduous tooth
Milky Way
mill (n.)
mill race
millerbird (Acrocephalus etc.)
millet
million
millstone
milt (of fish)
mind (n.)
mine (explosive device)
mint (Mentha)
minute
miracle
mirror
mirror (website)
mirror carp
miserable, unhappy
misfortune
missing, failing
mist, fog
mistress, paramour
moderate
moderlieschen
molar (tooth)
mold
mole (Talpa)
mole cricket (Gryllotalpa)
monarch
monastery
Monday
money
monk
monster (abnormal creature)
monster (supernatural)
month
mood
moon
moose
more probable
morning
moslem
mosquito, gnat
moss
moth
mother
mother tongue
mother-in-law
motherland
motherwort
motionless
mountain
mountain foot
mountain pass
mountain ridge, edge
mountain slope
mouse
moustache
mouth
mouth (of a river)
move (board games)
murder
murderer
murine rodent
muscle
mushroom
mushroom cap
music
musk-deer (Moschus moschiferus)
must
mute, dumb
muzzle
nail (metal spike)
nail-head
naked, bare
name
narcotic drugs
narrow
narwhal (Monodon monoceros);
nausea
navel
near
necessary
neck
neck (of bottle etc.)
nectar
needle
nephew
nettle (Urtica)
nettle-rash
nevertheless
new
newborn baby
newlywed
news
newspaper hoax
next
nickel
niece
night
nightingale
nipple (part of the breast)
noble
noble rank, title
node (part of a plant stem)
noise
noisy place
nonsense
noon
normal
North
northern fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis)
nose
nostril
not long
not strong (of liquid or smell)
not working
note book
noticeable
noun (grammar)
November
novice
now
nucleus (in physics)
nut, hazel
oak
oar
oat
oath
observer
obstacle
obstinate
October
of high rank
of low rank
offspring
oil (food)
oil particle
old (vs. new)
old (vs. young)
old man
old woman
oleander
on all fours
on the outside
one piece (at counting)
onion
only, just
opening, hole
opinion
opossum
opportunity
opposite
order
ordinary, common
oregano
origin
original
orphan
osprey (Pandion haliaёtus)
ostrich
other
other`s
otter (Lutra lutra)
outbuilding
owl
own (of a relative)
owner
pacemaker (running)
pack of cards
page
pain
pair
palace
palatal (sound)
palate
pale
palm (tree)
paper
parachute
paralyzed
parents
parsley
parsnip
part
partridge
party, soiree
passageway
passion (in game)
passionate
password
patron, protector
pawn (in chess)
payment
peace
peak of mountain
pear
pedestal
pedestrian crossing
peephole
peer
pelican (Pelecanus)
pellicle, membrane
pelvis
pencil
penis
people (pl.)
people, nation
pepperwort
perfect person
perfect, complete
perfume, scent
period of time
persimmon
persistent
person
person (grammar)
petrel (Procellaria)
petroleum, oil
phantom, ghost
pickaxe
picture
pig (Sus scrofa)
pigeon (Columba)
pig`s snout
pike (fish)
pill, tablet
pillar
pillowcase
pine needle
pine-tree
pineapple
pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha)
pip (disease of birds)
place
place of employment, job
placenta
plaice (fish)
plaintive
plait, braid
planet
plant (biol.)
plantain (Plantago)
platan
plate (a serving dish)
plateau
platinum
playing cards
pleasant
plot of land
plough, ard
plum
pod
poetry
poison
poisonous
pole (geographical)
pole (long stick)
polecat, ferret (Mustela putorius)
police officer
polite
political party
pollen
pondweed
poor, needy
poplar (Populus alba)
poppy (Papaver somniferum)
porcelain
pot
potato
pottery fragment
powder
powdery mildew
power, authority
precipice, abyss
predator
pregnant
previous
price
pride
priest (Christianity)
prince
princess
prison
probably
problem (mathematics)
profession
profit, gain (n.)
profiteer
pronoun
propeller (of boat engine)
property, possessions
prose
prosperity
prostate
protection, patronage
protein
proud
puffball
pumpkin
pungent (odour)
punishment
pupil (of an eye)
puppet, lay figure
pure
purgative (medicine)
push button
quantity
quarrel
queen (bee)
queen (playing card)
queen (termites and ants)
queue
quick
quiet (vs. loud)
quinsy
quiver
quotation mark
rabid
raccoon
race, ethnos
radiointerference
radius (bone)
raft
railcar
rain
rainbow
rake
ram
Ranunculus
rapids
rare
rash, eruption
rat
raven
ravine
raw
raw material
ray
ready
rear end
recent
recently
red
red panda
reed (in loom)
reflection (in the mirror, water)
relation, connection
relative (n.)
reliable, trustworthy
remote area
reputation
resin, tar
respect (n.)
respected, venerable
result, outcome
retina
revenge
rheumatism
rhinoceros
rhombus
rhubarb
rib (part of a ship’s framework)
rice
rich
riddle
ridgepole
right (political)
right (vs. left)
right side
ring finger
river
river-bed
road
roasted
rock, crag, cliff
rodent
roof
rook
rook (chess)
rooster
root (arithmetic)
root (of a plant)
root of equation
root of tooth
root vegetable
rope, string, cord, lashing
rose chafer
rotten
rough, uneven
rowan
ruby (stone)
rudder (of a boat)
rude, impolite
ruff (bird)
ruff (fish)
rule, regulations
rumour
Russian desman
rust (n.)
rust (plant disease)
rye bread
sabrefish
sack, bag
sacrum (bone)
sad
saddleback
safety
sail (n.)
saint
Saint-John's-wort (Hypericum)
salary
salient part, ledge
salt
salty
Samsara
sap (of a plant)
sapling
sarcastic
satiated, full
saturated (of colour)
saturated (with something)
Saturday
Saturn
sausage
sawdust
scandal
scanty, scarce
scar
scarf
scarlet pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis)
scatterbrain
scissors
scorpion
scoundrel
screw, screw-bolt
scrotum
sea
seahorse (Hippocampus)
seal (animal)
season (of the year)
second (measure of time)
second (num.)
second wife
secret
secret (n)
secret; covert
sediment
seesaw
self
sense of smell
sense, perception
sensitive
sensitive (person)
sentence (by a court)
separately
September
servant
service, good turn
seven
several
severe
severe (about pain)
sexually transmitted disease
shadow
shadow side
shadow theatre
shallow
shaman
shaman hand drum
share; stock
shark
sharp point
sharpshooter
sheaf
sheath
sheep
sheet of paper
shell (of an egg)
shepherd
shepherd's pipe (musical instrument)
shield
shinbone
ship, vessel
shoal
shoehorn
shoes' soles
shooting target
shop
short person
shortly
should
shoulder
shoulder pole
shoulder-blade, scapula
shower head
shrike
shrimp, prawn
shuttle (in a sewing machine)
shuttle (weaving instrument)
shy
Siberian cedar (kedar)
Siberian flying squirrel
siberian jay
Siberian weasel (Mustela sibirica)
sibling
sibling of opposite sex
sick, ill
sickle
side (n.)
side of a coin
siege engine
sigh
sign, designation
signature
silver
simple
sink (basin for holding water for washing)
sinus (math.)
sir
siskin
sister
sister's husband
sister-in-law
skeleton
skilful, dexterous
skill
skin (of a person)
skull
skunk
sky
slag, scoria
slattern
slave
sleeve
sleigh
slingshot
slippery
slippery jack (Suillus luteus)
sloth (South American mammal)
slow (adj.)
small amount, a bit
small object
small quantity of something
small tortoise-shell (Aglais urticae)
smallpox
smell (n.)
smoke
smoke hole in a tent-like home
smooth
smut (plant disease)
snail
snake
snipe (Gallinago)
snot
snow bunting
sober
socialist or communist
sock
soft (adj.)
soldering iron
soldier
soldier (plan, Stratiotes)
soldier who is approaching demobilization
sole (of shoe)
solid, entire, continuous
something bad
son
son-in-law
song
soon
sorrel
soul
sound
sour
source (of a river)
sourdough
South
spades (in cards)
spark
spark plug
sparrow
sparse
spawn, roe
spawning
spear
spectacles
speech
sperm
spicy
spider
spider web
spindle
spindle (Euonymus)
spiral
spirit (supernatural being)
spit, saliva
spleen (anat.)
splinter (group of people)
split (gymnastics)
spoke of wheel
sponge
spool
spoon
spot of reflected light
spot, pip (on playing cards or dice)
spot, stain
spouse
spout of vessel
spring (mechanical device)
spring (season)
spring, fountain
spruce (Picea)
spur of mountain
spurge (Euphorbia)
spy
square (in a town)
squint-eyed
squirrel (Sciurus)
stage, phase
stairs, ladder
stammerer
star
starfish
state (sovereign polity)
state, situation
steam, vapour
steel
steep
stem (of a plant)
step (of a staircase, step-ladder)
step, pace
stepfather
stepmother
steppe, plain
sterile
stern
sternum, breastbone
stick (n.)
still (adv.)
sting (n.)
stingray
stingy
stirrup
stone (of a fruit)
stone (piece of rock)
stone in a ring
stone loach (Barbatula barbatula)
stork (Ciconia)
stove
straight
strain (microbiology)
strait
strange
stranger, foreign
strawberry (Fragaria moschata)
strength
strike of lightning
string (of a musical instrument)
strong
strong (of liquid or smell)
strong (wind, frost)
strong man (?)
stubborn
stubborn person
stuffy, close
stump (of tree)
stupid
sty (on the eye)
substance
sucker (botany)
suddenly
sugar
suitable
summer
sun
Sunday
sundew (Drosera)
sunflower
sunset
suntanned
supervision
support (n.)
surface
surroundings
suspicious, questionable
swamp
swan
swearword
sweat
sweet (taste)
sweet clover
sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)
sweets, candy
swelling (on skin)
swift (bird)
swing (hanging seat)
sword
syllable
syphilis
table (of data)
table of contents
table, desk
taciturn
tactless
tadpole
tail
talc
talent
talisman
talkative person
tall person
tamarisk
tank (armour)
tansy
tap, faucet
tapir
tart (taste)
taste (n.)
tasteless
tasty
tayra
teacher
teapot spout
tears
telegram
temple (region of skull)
temptation
tender (adj.)
tendon
tendril (of plant)
tense (grammar)
tense, stressful
tentacle (of animals)
term of address to a wife
territorial entity
testicle
textile, cloth
the day after tomorrow
then
thick
thick (of a growth, hair)
thief
thigh / hip
thin (of a person)
thin (of an object)
thing
thirst
thorn
threshing floor
throat
thumb
thunder
thunderstorm
Thursday
thyroid gland
tidy, neat
tiger
tight, taut
timbre
time
time (instanse)
tin (n.)
tin, can
to abate (about wind)
to abduct, to steal (bride)
to abolish
to abscess, to fester (of wound)
to accuse, blame
to ache
to acquire
to act
to act according to
to add
to address (someone)
to adorn, decorate
to advise
to agree
to analyse
to answer
to appear for a moment
to appear, emerge
to appoint (to a position)
to approach, come near
to argue, have a dispute
to arrange a banquet
to ascend (dough)
to ask (for)
to ask for consent to marriage
to ask, inquire
to astonish
to attack
to attain, achieve
to avoid
to awaken, wake up
to bake
to baptize
to bargain
to be adherent
to be alive (about babies)
to be angry
to be appropriate (for)
to be ashamed
to be at war
to be awake
to be born
to be cleared (about sky)
to be covered with leaves (buds)
to be defeated
to be delirious
to be disposed towards
to be domesticate
to be engaged in commerce
to be exited
to be extinguished (light)
to be fed up with
to be fired, dismissed
to be glad, happy
to be greedy
to be guilty
to be haughty, insolent
to be hungry
to be imprisoned
to be in a hurry
to be in debt
to be in use
to be inclined
to be indulgent
to be interested in
to be jealous
to be keen on
to be lame in one leg
to be late
to be near
to be necessary
to be not frozen (water)
to be paid (e. g. debt)
to be poisoned by fumes
to be reluctant
to be responsible for
to be resurrected
to be satisfied (sexually)
to be situated
to be sleepy
to be solved
to be stubborn, obstinate
to be sure
to be surprised
to be suspended
to be torn
to be unfaithful (to one's husband or wife)
to be zealous
to be, exist
to be, to take place
to become
to become a member of
to become better
to become decrepit
to become dirty, soiled
to become infected
to become ready (of food)
to become sober
to become unavoidable
to become untuned (of a musical instrument)
to become visible
to become warm
to befit
to begin
to begin (tr.)
to behave
to behave affectedly
to behave in a wrong way
to believe in
to betray
to beware, be careful
to bid farewell
to bite
to bite (of a fish)
to bless
to block
to blow (about wind)
to blunt
to boast
to bother, pester
to bow down
to breach an agreement
to bread animals
to break (of male voice)
to break (tr.)
to break deadline
to break down
to breathe
to bribe
to bring into discussion
to bring to order
to bring up
to browse through (a digital source)
to build
to burn (tr.)
to burst, break
to bury
to butt, to hit with the horns
to buy
to calculate, count
to call
to calm down
to cancel
to care for, look after
to carp, find faults
to carry
to carry out
to cast anchor
to cast out
to castrate, geld
to catch
to catch fire
to cause
to cause moral suffering
to cause to moving
to cease to be bent
to celebrate
to challenge
to change (tr.)
to change clothes
to change direction of one's motion
to change money
to charm, to delight
to check, test
to choke
to choose
to clean
to clean up, tidy up
to clear away (fog, clouds)
to clench fist
to climb
to close one's eyes
to coagulate, curdle
to coincide
to collapse
to come
to come to end, to cease
to comfort
to communicate, be on friendly terms
to compare
to compete (with smn.)
to conceal, make secret
to conceive, to become pregnant
to concern, be related to
to confess
to confuse (with)
to congratulate
to conjure
to consider
to consist of
to consume
to consume alcoholic beverages
to contain
to continue
to cook (prepare food)
to cook, boil
to copulate
to correct
to correspond
to corrode
to cost
to cough
to crawl
to create a text
to cross a mountain range
to crucify
to cry, weep
to cure, treat (medically)
to cut (tr.)
to cut off relationships
to cut up
to dance
to dare
to deal with
to deceive
to decide
to decline from the route
to decorate, award
to decrease drastically
to defeat, win
to defecate
to defend
to deflorate
to depend
to deprave
to depress
to deprive
to derive profit
to despair
to despise
to destroy, annihilate
to detect
to develop
to die
to differ, to make distinction
to dig
to dilute
to dip
to disagree
to disappear
to disapprove
to discharge, dismiss
to discover game animals or birds (hunting)
to discriminate, to treat improperly
to discuss
to disgrace, dishonor
to dislocate (of a joint)
to disperse (intr., about cloud)
to distill, retort
to distinguish
to distort
to distract
to divide into several parts
to divorce
to do
to do something one after another
to do sport, take exercise
to doubt
to draft (for the army)
to draw (an official paper)
to draw, paint
to drink
to drive (the car)
to drop (of liquid)
to drop by
to dye
to earth up (plants)
to eat
to eat too much
to emit smoke
to emotionalize
to employ
to enculturate, civilize
to end, finish
to endure
to endure a load
to enter into a contract
to envy
to erupt
to escape, flee
to establish, found
to evaporate, exhale
to evoke (a feeling)
to exhaust
to exist
to experience an orgasm
to explain
to express agreement
to extinguish
to extort (money from smb.)
to fail
to fail (of engine)
to fall (of rain, snow)
to fall down
to fall in love
to fall to one's lot
to falsify
to fear
to feel
to feel (an emotion)
to feel affection
to feel dizzy
to feel hunger
to feel pity
to feel pleasure
to feel shy, embarrassed
to feel sick
to feel thirsty
to ferment, yeast
to fight, scuffle
to fight, to be at war
to find
to fish
to fit, suit
to fit, try on
to flame up
to flap, wave (hands)
to flatter
to flirt
to float
to flog
to flow
to flow into
to flutter (of flag)
to fly
to fold (cloth)
to follow logically
to follow unthinkingly
to follow, go after smb.
to force to work
to foresee
to forge
to forget
to forgive
to form the fruit (of plant)
to fornicate
to gain, to earn
to gas (a car), to refuel
to get (in games)
to get (to), to find oneself (in)
to get a cramp, spasm
to get along (with smb.)
to get angry
to get better, convalesce
to get drunk
to get immunity
to get money
to get mouldy (musty)
to get off a vehicle
to get on a vehicle
to get rid of
to get tired
to get, obtain
to give birth
to give birth to twins
to give orders
to give preference
to glorify
to go against the wind
to go away
to go downstream
to go forward, advance
to go mad
to go out (of fire)
to go overripe
to go up
to go upstream
to go, walk
to govern, control, rule
to grasp, seize
to graze
to grieve (intr.)
to grieve (tr.)
to grow (plants)
to grow numb
to grow up
to growl
to grumble
to guard
to guess
to happen
to harass
to harden
to harm, to damage
to harness
to hatch eggs
to hatch out, brood
to hate, to dislike
to have an appearance
to have experience
to have mercy
to have opinion
to have relationships (romantic or sexual)
to have smell
to have strange ideas
to heal (of a wound)
to hear
to hear / to listen
to help, aid
to hew
to hide (tr.)
to hinder
to hint
to hit the target
to hope
to hug, embrace
to humble, to abase
to hunt
to hurt
to ice over
to ignore
to imitate
to imprison
to improve
to increase (tr.)
to incur losses
to indicate something bad
to induce
to inform, let know
to infringe
to inhabit, live
to inoculate
to instigate
to insult
to intend
to invest
to investigate
to investigate/examine
to invite
to involve
to iron (clothes)
to itch
to joke
to judge
to jump into the water
to keep silent
to keep the fast
to kick
to kill
to kiss
to know
to know how
to lack
to ladle out (soup)
to last
to laugh
to lead
to learn, find out
to learn, study
to leave
to left untreated (disease)
to let
to let grow (of beard, moustaches, hairs)
to lick
to lie prostrate, as in reverence
to light, to kindle (the fire)
to like
to live, be alive
to loaf, do nothing
to lock
to look around
to lose
to lose colour
to lose consciousness
to lose fertility (of the soil)
to lose hope
to lose one's way
to lose smell or taste (of liquids)
to love
to make
to make a mistake, be wrong
to make a move (in a game)
to make a telephone call
to make disordered
to make do smth.
to make empty
to make noise
to make, create
to manage to do smth
to marry
to marry off (a daughter)
to mature
to mean
to measure
to meet
to meet accidentally
to menstruate
to mention
to milk
to miss the target
to misunderstand
to mix, stir
to mock (at)
to moor
to mount a horse
to move away
to move ears (of animal)
to move quickly
to move smoothly, gently
to move, change residence
to mow grass
to name
to need
to nod
to nomadize
to obey
to object
to oblige
to occupy, to conquest (territory)
to offend (tr.)
to open (tr.)
to oppress
to palpitate
to pamper
to pass (of time)
to pasture, shepherd
to pay
to pay attention
to pay tax
to peck (of a bird)
to penetrate, get into
to perceive smell
to perform
to perform a shamanistic ritual
to persuade
to photograph
to pity
to plant, put (a seed or plant) in the ground
to play (a musical instrument)
to play cards
to please
to pledge, pawn
to plough
to pour
to practice witchcraft
to praise
to pray
to predict misfortune
to prepare
to present, gift
to pretend (to be)
to prevent
to prick
to print
to prohibit
to promise
to promote
to prosecute at law
to prove, to argue
to provoke
to pump
to punish
to purr
to put the evil eye (on), to bedevil
to put up as a prize
to quarrel
to raft timber
to reach
to reach a state
to read
to recall, recollect
to receive visitors
to recognize
to reconcile
to record
to recover a debt
to refuse
to refute
to regret
to reincarnate
to rejoice
to release a fountain (of whale)
to remain, stay
to remember
to remember / recall
to remove from fire
to remove, eliminate
to repaire, to mend
to repatriate
to repeat
to repent
to resemble, be alike
to respect
to rest
to restrain, control one’s feelings
to result in
to return (intr.)
to revenge
to revolt, rebel
to ring
to ripen
to rise (of Moon, Sun)
to risk
to rob
to roll up a trunk (of elephant)
to rot, putrefy
to row (with oars)
to rub
to run
to run away
to run out (of smth)
to sacrifice (relig.)
to saddle
to sail
to save
to scold
to scratch (when itches)
to scream
to search, to look for
to see/to look at
to seem
to sell
to send
to sentence
to set (of Moon, Sun)
to set a trap
to set cupping glass
to set free
to sew
to share
to shave
to shear
to shed hair or feathers
to shine
to shine, glitter
to shirk
to shock (of electric current)
to shoe (horses)
to shoot
to shout
to show, indicate
to shrink (of textile)
to shut one's eyes
to shut, close
to sin
to sing
to sink (tr.)
to skin, flay
to skip over, overlook
to slake (hunger, thirst)
to slander
to sleep
to slim
to slow, linger
to smear, anoint
to smell bad
to smile
to smoke (meat or fish)
to smoke (tobacco)
to snitch
to snuff a candle
to soar
to soil, make dirty
to solve (a problem)
to sound
to sow
to spare, to economize
to spawn
to speak
to spend (money)
to spit
to spoil (intr.)
to spoil (tr.)
to spread (intr.)
to spring, jump
to spur a horse
to spy
to stab
to stammer, stutter
to stand motionless
to stand still
to stand up
to stare
to start moving
to stay awake
to steal
to sting
to stop (intr.)
to stop (tr.)
to stop doing smth.
to stop feeling pain
to stop moving
to strike, hit
to struggle
to stumble
to stun, to knock out
to subjugate
to subside (medicine)
to subtract
to succeed
to suck
to suffer
to suffer from rheumatism
to suffice, be enough
to suit (of clothes)
to suppress
to surpass
to surpass, exceed
to swagger
to sway
to swear, curse
to sweep
to swim
to swingle, scutch, felt
to switch off
to switch on
to sympathize
to take
to take a husband
to take down
to take into account
to take off (tr.)
to take one thing for another
to take out
to take possession
to talk nonsense
to tame (animal)
to tan (hides)
to taste
to teach
to tear, rend
to tell
to tell a person's fortune
to tell lie
to think
to threaten
to thresh (grain)
to throw
to throw a lasso
to thrust (into)
to thunder
to tickle
to torture
to touch
to trade
to translate
to treat, regale
to tremble
to trust
to trust / to believe in
to try, to attempt
to turn (of age)
to turn back to look at smth.
to turn into an animal
to turn sour
to twinkle, glimmer
to understand
to unravel
to untie, unbind
to urinate
to vaccinate
to vex, exasperate
to visit
to vomit
to wait
to wake up (intr.)
to walk, wander
to want
to wash
to wash (clothes)
to waste
to watch, look after
to water (plants)
to weaken (about wind)
to weaken (intr.)
to weaken, loosen
to wear (clothes)
to weigh (intr.)
to whet
to whine
to whisper
to winnow
to wipe
to work
to work carelessly
to worry, be agitated
to worship
to wrestle
to wring a cloth
to write
toad
tobacco
tobacco pipe
today
toilet
tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
tomb
tomorrow
tone
tonsil
tonsure (of monk)
too much
tooth
toothless
top of the head
top, upper part
top/crown (of a tree)
torch fishing
torpid person
torso
tortoise, turtle
totally, absolutely
town
track idler wheel
trader
traffic jam
trait
transparent
transport station
trap, snare (n.)
tray
tree
tribe
tribunal
trick, deceit
trigger (of a gun)
Trimorphodon biscutatus
troop (of fishes)
trouser-leg
trump (in cards)
trumpet
trunk (of a tree)
trunk, proboscis (of elephant)
tuberculosis
Tuesday
tufted vetch
tumult, turmoil
tuning peg
turkey
turnstone (Arenaria)
twin
two
tyre (of a car)
udder
ugly, unpleasant
umbrella
unbroken horse
uncle
uncle (father's brother)
uncle (father's sister's husband)
uncle (mother's brother)
uncle (mother's sister's husband)
underwear
undiluted
unexpected
unfair
unforested, treeless place
unfunny
unimportant, slight
uninhabited (place)
unique
unit of area
unit of length
unit of speed
unlucky
unmarried
unpleasant
unpleasant place
unreliable
unripe (fruit)
unskillful
unusual
upper arm
upper part (of a leg)
upriver
urgent
urine
useless thing
usual
vacancy
vacation
vagina
valerian
valid
vegetable marrow
vehicle
veil, head-covering
venous
Venus
verb
verse
very
vigilant
vigorous
village
violence
violent
Vipera latastei
virgin
vision
voice
volcanic crater
volume (of books)
vote
vulgar
vulgar, common
wagtail (Motacilla)
waist
wall
war
warm
warp
warrior
wasp
watch, clock
water beetle
water nymph
water rail
watering place (for animals)
wave
weak
weak point
wealth
weapon
weasel (Mustella nivalis)
weather
website
wedding
Wednesday
week
well sweep
West
western capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus)
wet
wet-nurse
whale
wheat
wheel
when
whirlpool
whirlwind
white
white (politics)
white caps (on sea waves)
white of an eye
whore
wickerwork
wide, broad
widow
wife
wild beast
wild boar
wild rosemary
wild strawberry
wild, untamed
will
will (legal document)
willow
wind
window
windowsill
wine
wing
winter
wire (n.)
wishbone, merrythought
witch, sorceress
witchcraft, sorcery
witness
wizard, magician
woad (Isatis tinctoria)
wolf
wolverine
woman
womb
wombat
wood, timber
wood-louse
woodland spirit
woodpecker
wool
word
work (n.)
world
worm
wound (n.)
wrong
Xenopeltis unicolor
yarrow
year
yellow
yellow-hammer
yes
yesterday
yoke (figuratively)
yolk
you (pronoun 2 sg., polite)
young
young people
young person
younger
younger brother
younger sister
zero
zinc
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Kolami
Kolum So (Mombo Dogon)
Kolyma (Southern) Yukaghir
Kombio
Komi
Komi-Permyak
Komnzo
Komo (Nilo-Saharan)
Komodo
Konda (Dravidian)
Konda (Papuan)
Konkow (Northwest Maidu)
Kono
Konso
Konyak
Korean
Koreguaje
Koromfe
Korowai
Koryak
Kosraean
Kott
Koyo (Republic of Congo)
Koyukon
Ko’alh
Kryts
Kubachi
Kube (Tobo-Kube)
Kui (India)
Kui (Indonesia)
Kukatja (Western Australia)
Kumak
Kuman (New Guinea)
Kumbewaha
Kumyk
Kung
Kungarakany
Kunwinjku
Kunza
Kuot
Kurdish
Kuria
Kurux
Kusaal (Kusasi)
Kuuk-Thaayorre (Thayore)
Kuvi
Kuwema (Pungupungu, Kandjerramalh)
Kuwi
Kwaio
Kwakw’ala
Kwama
Kwamera
Kwegu
Kwere
Kyaka
Kyakhta Russian–Chinese Pidgin
Kyrghyz
Laal
Labuk-Kinabatangan Kadazan
Lacandon
Lahnda (Western Punjabi)
Lak
Lake Miwok
Lakkia
Lakon (Lakona)
Lakota
Lamboya
Langi
Langja Buyang (E'ma Buyang)
Lango
Lao
Lardil
Lasalimu
Late Latin
Latin
Latvian
Lau (Malaita island)
Laz
Lega
Lembena
Lengua (Enlhet)
Leti (Indonesia)
Levantine Arabic
Lezgian
Lingala
Lish
Lithuanian
Livonian
Livvi-Karelian
Lokono (Arawak)
Lotha
Low German
Lower Sorbian
Lower Tanana
Lowland Oaxaca Chontal
Luang (Wetan)
Luangiua (Ontong Java)
Ludic Karelian
Luganda
Luhya
Luiseño
Lule Sami
Luobenzhuo Bai
Luobohe Miao
Luri
Lushai
Lushei (Mizo)
Luwian
Luxembourgish
Ma'di
Mabaan (Southern Burun)
Maca
Maca (Maká)
Macedonian
Macushi
Madurese
Magar
Maguindanao
Maidu
Mairasi
Maiwa (Papuan)
Makah
Makassarese
Makonde
Malagasy
Malak-Malak
Malay
Malayalam
Maltese
Malto (Sauria Paharia, references do not distinguish from Kumarbhag Paharia)
Mamaindé (Northern Nambikwara)
Mamanwa
Mambwe
Manang
Manang (Manange, Nyishang)
Manchu
Manda (of India)
Mandaic
Mandar
Mandarin Chinese
Mandinka
Mandobo
Mang
Mangareva
Mangdi
Manggarai
Mangghuer
Maninka
Manipuri (Meitei)
Mano
Mansaka
Mansi
Mantharta (Warriyangga)
Manx
Mao
Maonan
Maori
Mapuche (Mapudungun)
Mapudungun
Mapun (Bajaw)
Maranao
Marathi
Marghi Central
Marghi South (Hildi)
Maricopa
Marquesan
Marrgu
Marshallese
Masaba (Lumasaaba)
Masai
Masbateño
Masbatenyo (Masbateño)
Mashco Piro
Matngele
Mator
Matsés (Mayoruna)
Mattole–Bear River
Maung
Maxakalí
Maya
Maybrat
Mbaenggu (Baeggu)
Mbula
Mbunga
Meadow Mari
Medieval Latin
Megrelian
Mehri
Meixian Hakka Chinese
Mekeo
Melpa
Mendi (Angal)
Menominee
Mentasta Ahtena
Mentawai
Meriam (Eastern Torres Strait)
Mesa Grande 'Iipay
Mesqan
Mian
Middle English
Middle French
Middle High German
Middle Low German
Middle Mongolian
Middle Persian (Pahlavi)
Middle Vietnamese
Miji (Dmay, Dhammai, Dhammai, Sajolang)
Mikasuki
Mikir
Min Dong (Eastern Min)
Minangkabau
Mingrelian
Miri (dialect of Narom)
Miriwoong (Miriwung)
Miship (Chip, cip)
Mixifore
Miya
Mlabri
Mobilian Jargon
Mocoví
Modern Greek
Modern Hebrew
Modern Mon
Modern Written Arabic
Mojave
Moken
Moksha
Molala
Moldavian
Mongghul
Mongolian (Khalkha)
Mongondow
Mongsen Ao
Montenegrin
Mopan Maya
Mota
Motu
Mountain Koiarj
Muher
Mulam
Mum
Munduruku
Mungkip
Munji
Murle
Mursi
Muskogee (Creek)
Mussau-Emira
Muya
Mwera
Mwotlap
Nahuatl
Naiki (Southeastern Kolami)
Namia
Nanai
Nancowry
Nara
Narak
Natchez
Naukan Siberian Yupik
Navajo
Ndali
Nedebang
Negidal
Nek
Nenets
Nepali
New Latin
Newar
Nez Perce (Nimipuutímt)
Ngaanyatjarra
Ngadha
Ngaju Dayak
Ngalakgan
Ngalkbun
Ngamo
Ngan'gi
Nganasan
Ngardi
Ngarinman
Ngarinyin
Ngarla
Ngarluma
Ngas (Angas)
Ngoreme (Ngurimi)
Nias
Nimo
Ninam
Niuean
Nivaclé
Nivkh
Nkore (Runyankore)
Nocte
Nocten Wichi
Nogai
Nootka (Nuu-chah-nulth)
North Alaskan Inuit (Iñupiaq)
North Alaskan Inupiatun
North Babar
North Frisian
North Junín Quechua
North Slavey
North Tairoa
Northern Bashkardi
Northern Haida
Northern Pa-Hng
Northern Sami
Northern Sierra Miwok
Northern Sotho
Northern Yana
Norwegian
Nuguria
Nuk
Nukak
Nukumanu
Nukuoro
Numanggang
Numbami (Siboma)
Nung (Tai)
Nyakur
Nyakyusa
Nyamwezi
Nyangumarta
Nyawaygi
Obokuitai
Ocaina
Occitan
Ofo
Ogea
Ojibwe
Okinawan
Oksapmin
Old Chinese
Old Church Slavonic
Old Czech
Old East Slavic
Old English
Old French
Old Frisian
Old Georgian
Old High German
Old Irish
Old Japanese
Old Lithuanian
Old Norse
Old Persian
Old Polish
Old Prussian
Old Spanish
Old Sweden
Old Tamil
Old Tupian
Old Turkic
Old Udi
Old Uighur
Old Welsh
Ono
Oowekyala
Opao
Opuo (Opo)
Orejón
Ormuri
Oro Win
Oroch
Orok
Orokaiva
Orokolo
Oromo
Oroqen
Orya
Ossetian
Otomi
Ottoman Turkish
Oyrot
Paakantyi (Darling language)
Paamese
Paez
Paipai
Paiwan
Palauan
Palaung
Palawano
Palenquero
Palewyami
Pali
Pamona (Bare’e)
Panare
Pancana
Pangasinan
Pangwa
Pare (Pa)
Parji
Parthian
Pashto
Paulohi
Paumarí
Pazeh
Pela (Bolo)
Pengo
Pennsylvania German
Penrhyn
Peve (Lame)
Phoenician
Phom
Phong
Phrygian
Piapoco
Pilagá
Pintupi-Luritja
Pitjantjatjara
Plains Miwok
Polabian
Polci
Polish
Ponapean (Pohnpeian)
Portuguese
Postbiblical Hebrew
Prai (Phai)
Puelche (Gününa Küne)
Puinave
Pukapukan
Pumi
Punjabi
Puyuma
Pyu (Papuan)
Q'eqchi'
Qiandong Miao (Hmu)
Quechan
Quechua
Quiché
Quileute
Raivavae
Raivavae
Rakahanga-Manihiki
Rapa
Rapanui
Rejang
Rek (Southwestern Dinka)
Rembong
Remontado
Rengma
Rennellese
Resígaro
Reta (Retta)
Riffian (Tarifiyt)
Romani
Romanian
Romansh
Romblomanon
Rombo (Mkuu)
Rongga
Rongmei (Nruanghmei)
Rotuman
Ruc
Rukai
Rumu (Kairi)
Rundi
Rungwa
Russian
Rutul
S'gaw Karen
Sa'ban
Saamic
Saaroa
Sabaic
Safeyoka
Saisiyat
Salar
Sambaa (Shambaa)
Samei
Samoan
Sanapaná
Sangir
Sanskrit
Santee-Sisseton
Sar (of Chad)
Saramaccan
Sardinian
Sariqoli
Sartang
Sasak
Sau (Samberigi)
Sawai
Sawila
Scots
Scottish Gaelic
Scythian
Secoya
Seediq
Selepet
Selknam (Ona)
Selkup
Selti
Semnani
Seneca
Serbian
Serbo-Croatian
Seri
Serrano
Sese Gumuz
Seward Alaska Inupiatun
Seychellois Creole
Shan
Shasta
Shawnee
She
Sherdukpen
Sherpa
Shiaxa (Awyu)
Shilluk
Shingazidja (Comorian)
Shipibo-Conibo
Shor
Shuar
Shubi
Shughni
Sierra Puebla Nahuatl (Sierra de Zacapoaxtla)
Sika
Sikaiana
Sikaritai
Simeulue (Simalur)
Sinhalese
Siona
Siraya
Siriano
Sirionó
Sirva (Sileibi)
Sizaki (Shashi)
Skiri Pawnee
Skolt Sami
Slavey
Slovak
Slovenian
So (Uganda)
Sogdian
Solon
Som
Somali
Soninke
Soo
Soqotri
Sora
Soteapanec (Sierra Popoluca)
Sotho
Sougb (Manikion)
Southeastern Pomo
Southeastern Tepehuan
Southern Altai
Southern Bashkardi
Southern Bobo Mandaré
Southern Haida
Southern Kewa (Erave)
Southern Kiwai
Southern Min (Min Nan)
Southern Sami
Southern Sierra Miwok
Southern Thai
Spanish
Suba
Suena
Sui
Sulung
Sumerian
Sundanese
Sura (Mwaghavul)
Surin Khmer (Northern Khmer)
Sursurunga
Susu
Suyá
Svan
Swahili
Swedish
Syriac
Tabassaran
Tabo
Tae'
Tagalog
Tahitian
Tai Khün
Tai Lue
Tai Nuea (Dehong)
Taigi
Tairuma
Tajiki
Takia
Takpa (Tawang Monpa)
Takuu
Talysh
Tamang
Tamil
Tanacross
Tangale
Tangga
Tangkhul
Tangko
Tangsa
Tangut
Tapirapé (Apyãwa)
Tarifit Berber
Tatar
Tauade
Tausug
Tboli
Tehuelche
Teiwa
Telefol
Telugu
Tem (Kotokoli)
Tennet
Tequistlatec
Tera (Pidlimdi)
test
Tetum (Tetun)
Tha'oa
Thai
Thalanyji
Thao
Tho (Tày)
Tibetan
Tifal
Tigre
Tigrinya
Tii
Tikopia
Tima (Domorik, Lomorik)
Timogon-Murut
Tindi
Tiruray
Titan
Tlingit
Toba Qom
Tocharian A
Tocharian B
Tofa
Tojolabal
Tok Pisin
Tokano
Tokelau
Tolai (Kuanua)
Tommo So
Tongan
Toro So (Escarpment Dogon)
Totontepec Mixe
Trinitario
Trukese (Chuukese)
Tsakhur
Tsangla
Tsez
Tshangla (Monpa Dirang)
Tsimané (Mosetén, Chimane)
Tsou
Tsudakhar Dargwa
Tswana
Tuamotu
Tübatulabal
Tucano
Tukang Besi
Tulu
Tundra Nenets
Tundra Yukaghir
Tunebo (Uwa)
Tunika
Turkish
Turkmen
Turrbal (Turubul, Durubul)
Tuvaluan
Tuvan
Tuyuca
Tver Karelian
Tzotzil
Udi
Udihe
Udmurt
Uduk (Tw'ampa)
Ugaritic
Uighur
Ukrainian
Ulchi
Uldeme (Ouldémé, Wuzlam)
Uma
Uncunwee (Ghulfan)
Upper Sorbian
Uri
Urum
Ute
Uyajitaya (Duduela)
Uzbek
Vaeakau-Taumako (Pileni)
Vai
Vampaya
Ventureño
Veps
Vietnamese
Võro
Votic
Wa
Waboda
Wadjiginy
Wagaya
Wakhi
Wallisian (East Uvea)
Walmajarri
Wamas
Wambon (Digul, Ketum)
Wambon (Yonggom)
Wanano (Guanano, Piratapuyo)
Wancho
Wanji
Wanman (Warnman)
Wantoat
Waorani
Wapishana
Wappo
Waray
Wardandi
Warembori
Waritai
Wariʼ (Orowari)
Warlmanpa
Warlpiri
Warluwara
Warrgamay
Warumungu
Washo
Waskia
Wathawurrung
Waurá
Wayampi
Wayoró
Wayuu (Guajiro)
Welsh
Wemba Wemba
West Frisian
West Futuna (Futuna-Aniwa)
West Kewa
West Uvea
Western Abenaki
Western Armenian
Western Bukidnon Manobo
Western Canadian Inuit
Western Desert language (Wati)
Western Maninka
Western Mono
Western Pahari
Western Pantar (Tubbe, Lamma)
Western Shoshoni
Western Yugur
Wetarese (Dadu'a)
Wetarese (Erai)
Wetarese (Ili'uun)
White Hmong (Hmong Daw)
Wik-Mungkan
Wikchamni
Winnebago
Wintu
Wirangu
Wiru
Witoto Mi̵ni̵ca
Witoto Murui
Wolane
Woleaian
Wolio
Wolio
Wolof
Wubuy
Wuvulu-Aua
Xamtanga (Khamir)
Xavante
Xerénte
Xokleng
Xuzhang
Yabem
Yagaria
Yaghnobi
Yagua
Yagwoia
Yahgan (Yagán, Yámana)
Yahi
Yakut
Yamdena
Yami
Yaminahua
Yandruwandha
Yangliu
Yankton-Yanktonai
Yankunytjatjara
Yanomámi (Waiká)
Yanomamö
Yao (Iu Mien)
Yaqay
Yaqui (Hiaki)
Yaruro (Pumé)
Yavitero (Paraene)
Yaweyuha
Yawuru
Yazghulami
Yedina (Buduma)
Yegha
Yekora
Yenimu (South Awyu)
Yiddish
Yidgha
Yidiñ
Yimchungrü
Yir Yoront
Yoruba
Yucatec
Yucatec Maya
Yuchi
Yugh
Yuki
Yulparija
Yupik
Yurok
Yuwana (Hodï)
Zacatepec Chatino
Zazaki
Zhuang-Longzhou (Central Tai)
Zhuǀ'hoan (South-Eastern Ju)
Zigua
Zinza (Dzinza)
Zotung
Zulu
Zuni
Zway
ǀ'Auni
ǀXam
ǀǀKxauǀǀen
ǀǀNg!ke
ǃKhong (ǃXóõ, Taa )
Glottologue ID
area1240
Afroasiatic
abaz1241
abkh1244
abui1241
achi1257
ache1246
achu1248
adan1252
adyg1241
adze1240
aeka1244
Afroasiatic
afri1274
aghu1253
agua1253
ainu1252
ajie1238
akan1250
akhv1239
akka1240
akla1240
akoy1238
alab1237
alba1267
alek1238
aleu1260
alor1247
alun1238
paci1278
alut1245
alya1239
amba1266
ambu1247
amha1245
amis1246
anat1256
anci1242
anci1244
andi1255
anga1288
angl1258
ango1254
anka1246
anma1239
maga1263
anut1237
anua1242
apal1256
apul1236
stan1318
arak1252
aran1263
arao1248
arch1244
argo1244
argu1237
arik1265
arin1243
nucl1235
arom1237
aros1241
asil1242
assa1263
assa1266
assy1241
atak1252
atay1247
aton1241
zaiw1241
avar1256
aves1237
awac1239
awap1236
aqua1252
awiy1238
nucl1667
ayor1240
mode1262
baal1234
baca1246
bagi1246
bagv1239
bahi1252
bala1315
bali1278
east2304
bamb1269
bamu1257
band1339
bona1250
nucl1630
bara1380
barb1263
barb1263
barg1252
bari1297
bari1286
wara1302
baru1267
bash1264
basq1248
bass1258
bata1288
bata1289
bats1242
batu1258
baur1253
bauz1241
beam1240
beja1238
bela1254
bell1243
bent1238
bena1264
beng1280
bera1264
beri1254
bezh1248
biko1240
bili1260
bili1250
bilu1245
bima1247
bimi1240
bina1273
bine1240
bint1246
binu1244
biri1259
bisl1239
biss1248
bitt1240
blaan1241
blag1240
coas1301
bodo1270
boga1247
damu1236
boly1239
bond1248
bont1247
borr1242
boro1279
bosn1245
botl1242
brah1256
chim1312
braz1246
bret1244
bube1242
budu1248
bugh1239
bugi1244
bugu1246
buku1249
blan1242
bulg1262
buli1255
buna1277
buna1278
buna1276
gahr1239
bung1265
bunu1267
bura1292
bura1267
bayu1249
buri1258
burj1242
nucl1310
buru1303
buru1296
boko1267
bush1247
buya1244
medi1251
cabe1245
cahu1264
cant1236
cara1272
cash1251
casi1235
stan1289
kana1291
cavi1250
chac1249
cayu1262
cebu1242
cemu1238
ahte1237
cent2247
sout2991
carr1249
nise1244
cent2128
cent2140
chew1245
chac1251
Kra–Dai
chag1247
seba1251
chac1251
east2563
cham1309
uppe1440
cham1312
chan1313
chav1241
chec1245
chep1245
cher1273
chey1247
copa1236
chib1270
chic1270
chim1301
chin1272
chip1262
chip1241
chir1284
chir1295
choc1276
chon1284
iyow1239
mwim1241
chuk1273
chul1246
chon1248
chur1257
chuv1255
chol1282
ciac1237
stan1318
clas1249
litel1248
cccc
class1250
midd1352
coas1300
coat1239
coch1272
coco1262
coco1261
cofa1242
colo1256
raro1241
corn1251
cors1241
crim1257
croa1245
crow1244
cube1242
cuic1234
cuoi1242
czec1258
dadi1250
daga1275
daur1238
bata1294
dako1258
dako1258
dalm1243
mari1428
dann1241
beav1236
dang1274
dani1285
dano1240
darg1241
dari1249
daww1239
dawe1237
dedu1240
dege1248
dein1238
dera1248
desa1247
dhao1237
dhuw1248
east2478
didi1258
digo1242
dima1251
dink1262
dier1241
dyaa1242
djam1256
djap1238
djin1253
dogo1299
dogr1252
dolg1241
domu1246
doro1266
doya1240
drun1238
duna1248
dupa1235
dutc1256
east2534
wich1263
bini1246
efik1245
egyp1246
kung1261
emae1237
emba1238
embe1258
empl1237
ende1246
inor1238
mark1255
enet1250
enge1239
stan1293
anin1240
inor1238
sout2989
epen1239
epie1238
erit1239
erzy1239
esee1248
espe1235
esto1258
even1260
even1260
fali1285
faro1244
fars1254
fasu1242
fata1247
favo1235
fiji1243
finn1318
fipa1238
foii1241
folo1238
ford1242
fore1270
fore1266
fran1266
stan1290
friu1240
fula1264
east2447
gaaa1244
gaan1243
gaga1251
gaam1241
mudh1235
gadd1244
gads1258
gaga1249
gain1243
gali1258
gami1243
gamo1243
ganc1239
gang1267
ganz1246
nort2644
garo1247
tran1282
gaww1239
gbay1279
geda1237
gede1246
geez1241
gela1263
gela1265
nucl1302
stan1295
gese1240
gilb1244
gimi1243
hinu1240
dyir1250
gitu1237
goba1246
ghod1238
gogo1265
sodd1242
nort3258
goro1259
goth1244
gras1249
gree1280
guah1254
para1311
guay1257
gude1246
kuku1273
gugu1255
guhu1244
guja1252
guma1253
gupa1247
gurd1238
ribg1235
guri1247
guro1248
gusi1247
gwer1238
hadi1240
hadz1240
hais1244
hakk1236
hamt1247
hani1248
hano1241
hara1271
hars1241
haus1257
hawa1245
sabu1255
bell1263
helo1243
chin1488
high1242
hili1240
west2392
hind1269
hiri1237
hitt1242
nucl1241
hmon1264
papo1239
hopi1249
hrus1242
huuu1240
huav1256
huli1244
hung1274
hunj1241
hunz1247
hupd1244
hupa1239
ibal1244
iban1264
ibat1238
None
icel1247
idaa1241
east2733
idum1241
oduu1239
mele1250
ifug1247
nucl1417
moxo1234
ilok1237
ilok1237
inar1241
indo1316
ines1240
ines1240
sout1743
ingr1248
ingu1240
inxo1238
inok1238
inxo1238
ipai1240
iraq1241
irar1238
iris1253
iron1242
irul1243
isab1240
ishk1246
isna1241
istr1244
ital1282
itaw1240
itba1237
itel1242
iton1250
itza1241
ixil1251
izer1242
djam1255
tipa1240
nucl1643
jama1261
jaru1254
java1254
kumi1248
jebe1250
jerr1238
nort3242
pale1261
sheh1240
jiny1235
jing1260
youl1235
jola1263
jude1256
juho1239
kaba1278
cent2100
kain1271
kaiy1239
kajt1238
kaka1265
kala1399
kala1397
kala1389
cala1258
gali1262
kalm1243
kami1255
miju1243
kama1365
kama1370
kama1362
kama1360
kama1373
kamb1316
kamb1299
kamb1300
cams1241
kana1286
kanu1281
kang1281
kana1286
kank1245
nucl1305
kanu1279
pamp1243
kapi1249
kaqc1270
kara1465
kara1464
kara1500
kara1476
kara1467
uigh1240
kara1499
kara1474
kare1348
kare1335
ngar1293
bata1293
karo1304
None
cash1252
kash1274
xaas1235
kate1253
kato1244
kaul1240
kaur1267
kava1241
kawa1276
kawa1283
qawa1238
kawi1241
kaya1323
kaya1315
kaya1319
kaza1248
keda1252
keii1239
kela1258
qima1242
kemi1240
main1275
keor1235
kere1283
kere1280
kett1243
kehu1238
khak1248
turk1303
khal1275
kham1281
kham1299
kham1291
khan1273
khas1269
khin1240
cent1989
khot1251
khum1248
khwa1238
khwa1239
colo1257
chig1238
kild1236
kili1267
kili1268
kimm1245
kiny1244
kipc1239
kipe1235
gilb1244
kiry1234
serr1255
gian1241
kelo1247
koas1236
kobo1249
koda1255
cogu1240
koit1244
kola1242
momb1254
sout2750
komb1272
komi1268
komi1269
komn1238
komo1238
komo1261
kond1295
kond1303
nort2951
kono1268
kons1243
kony1248
kore1280
kore1283
koro1298
koro1312
kory1246
kosr1238
kott1239
koyo1242
koyu1237
kwat1246
kryt1240
kuba1248
kube1244
kuii1252
kuii1253
kuka1246
kuma1276
kuma1280
kumb1274
kumy1244
kung1260
kung1259
guma1252
kunz1244
kuot1243
kurd1259
kuri1259
kuru1301
kusa1250
thay1249
kuvi1243
pung1239
kuvi1243
kwai1243
kwak1269
kwam1249
kwam1252
kweg1241
kwer1261
kyak1244
kjac1234
kirg1245
laal1242
labu1249
laca1243
lahn1241
lakk1252
lake1258
lakk1238
lako1245
lako1247
lamb1273
lang1320
emab1235
lang1322
laoo1244
lard1243
lasa1237
late1252
lati1261
latv1249
lauu1247
lazz1240
lega1253
lemb1266
nort2971
leti1246
leva1239
lezg1247
ling1263
lish1235
lith1251
livv1244
livv1243
araw1276
loth1237
lowg1239
lowe1385
lowe1425
lowl1260
luan1263
onto1237
ludi1246
gand1255
kabr1240
luis1253
lule1254
luob1236
luop1235
luri1252
lush1249
lush1249
luvi1235
luxe1241
madi1260
maba1272
maca1260
maca1260
mace1250
macu1259
madu1247
maga1261
magu1243
nort2952
nucl1594
maiw1251
maka1318
maka1311
mako1251
plat1254
mull1237
stan1306
mala1464
malt1254
saur1249
nort3153
mama1275
mamb1296
mana1290
mana1288
manc1252
mand1413
nucl1706
mand1442
mand1415
mand1436
mand1473
mang1378
mang1401
sout3210
mang1405
minh1238
mani1303
mani1292
mann1248
mans1262
mans1269
mant1266
manx1243
naga1397
maon1241
maor1246
mapu1245
mapu1245
born1254
mara1404
mara1378
marg1265
marg1266
mari1440
nort2845
marg1251
mars1254
masa1299
masa1300
masb1238
masb1238
mash1270
madn1237
nucl1288
mats1244
matt1238
maun1240
west2636
maya1287
mayb1239
baeg1237
mbul1263
mbun1248
mari1278
medi1250
ming1252
mehr1241
yuet1238
meke1243
melp1238
anga1314
meno1252
ment1252
ment1249
meri1244
ipai1239
mesq1240
mian1255
midd1317
midd1316
stan1295
midd1318
midd1351
pahl1241
viet1252
saja1240
mika1239
karb1241
mind1253
mina1268
ming1252
miri1269
miri1266
mish1244
mixi1241
miya1266
mlab1235
mobi1236
moco1246
mode1248
hebr1245
monn1252
stan1318
moha1256
moke1242
moks1248
mola1238
roma1327
huzh1238
halh1238
mong1342
mong1332
mont1282
mopa1243
mota1237
motu1246
moun1252
seba1251
mula1253
mumm1238
mund1330
mung1272
munj1244
murl1244
murs1242
cree1270
muss1246
muya1239
mwer1248
motl1237
azte1234
sout1249
nami1256
nana1257
nanc1247
nara1262
nara1264
natc1249
nauk1242
nava1243
ndal1241
nede1245
negi1245
nekk1240
nene1249
nepa1254
lati1261
newa1246
nezp1238
ngaa1240
ngad1261
ngaj1237
ngal1293
ngal1292
ngam1282
nang1259
ngan1291
ngar1288
ngar1235
ngar1284
ngar1296
ngar1287
ngas1240
ngur1263
nias1242
nimo1247
nina1238
niue1239
niva1238
gily1242
nyan1307
noct1238
wich1262
noga1249
nuuc1236
inup1234
nort2943
nort2860
nort2626
nort2980
nort2942
nort2920
bash1263
haid1248
pahn1237
nort2671
nort2968
nort3233
nort2963
norw1258
nuku1259
nukk1240
kaku1242
nuku1258
nuku1260
numa1254
numb1247
nung1283
nyah1250
nyak1260
nyam1276
nyan1303
nyaw1247
obok1239
ocai1244
occi1239
ofoo1242
ogea1238
ojib1241
cent2126
oksa1245
oldc1244
chur1257
czec1258
oldr1238
stan1293
oldf1239
oldf1241
oldg1234
stan1295
oldi1245
oldj1239
oldl1240
oldn1244
oldp1254
oldp1256
prus1238
olds1249
None
oldt1248
None
oldt1247
aghw1237
oldu1238
oldw1239
onoo1246
oowe1239
opao1240
opuu1239
orej1242
ormu1247
orow1243
oroc1248
orok1265
orok1269
orok1267
nucl1701
oroq1238
orya1242
osse1243
otom1300
otto1234
sout2694
darl1243
paam1238
paez1247
paip1241
paiw1248
pala1344
pala1336
nucl1738
pale1260
pale1254
pali1273
pamo1252
enap1235
panc1247
pang1290
pang1287
pare1271
parj1243
part1239
pash1269
paul1238
paum1247
kulo1237
pela1242
peng1244
penn1240
penr1237
peve1243
phoe1239
phom1236
phon1246
phry1239
piap1246
pila1245
pint1250
pitj1243
plai1259
pola1255
nyam1284
poli1260
pohn1238
port1283
None
phai1238
puel1244
puin1248
puka1242
pumi1242
panj1256
puyu1239
pyuu1245
kekc1242
east2369
quec1382
cusc1236
kich1262
quil1240
raiv1237
raiv1237
raka1237
rapa1245
rapa1244
reja1240
rekk1238
remb1250
remo1247
sout2732
renn1242
resi1247
rett1240
tari1263
roma1329
roma1327
roma1326
romb1245
romb1244
rong1269
rong1266
rotu1241
rucc1239
ruka1240
rumu1243
rund1242
rung1255
russ1263
rutu1240
sout1554
saba1265
n
saar1237
saba1279
safe1240
sais1237
sala1264
sham1280
same1240
samo1305
sana1298
nort2871
sans1269
dako1259
sarr1246
sara1340
sard1257
sari1246
sart1249
sasa1249
samb1321
sawa1247
sawi1256
scot1243
scot1245
oldo1234
seco1241
taro1264
sele1250
onaa1245
selk1253
silt1240
semn1249
sene1264
serb1264
sout1528
seri1257
serr1255
sese1245
nort2945
sese1246
shan1277
shas1239
shaw1249
shee1238
sher1257
sher1255
awyu1264
shil1265
como1260
ship1253
shor1247
shua1257
shub1238
shug1248
high1278
sika1262
sika1261
sika1263
sime1241
sinh1246
sion1247
sira1267
siri1274
siri1279
sile1255
siza1240
skir1238
skol1241
slav1253
slov1269
slov1268
sooo1256
sogd1245
solo1263
somm1240
soma1255
soni1259
soo1256
soqo1240
sora1254
high1276
soth1252
mani1235
sout2982
sout 2976
sout2694
sout2644
bobo1253
sout2956
erav1244
sout2949
minn1241
sout2674
sout2985
sout2746
stan1288
suba1252
suen1241
suii1243
sulu1241
sume1241
sund1251
mwag1236
nort2684
surs1246
susu1250
suya1243
svan1243
swah1253
swed1254
clas1252
taba1259
tabo1241
taee1237
taga1270
tahi1242
khun1259
luuu1242
tain1252
taig1245
tair1256
taji1245
taki1248
dakp1242
taku1257
taly1247
tama1367
tami1289
tana1290
nucl1696
tang1348
tang1336
tang1353
tase1235
tang1334
tapi1254
tari1263
tata1255
taua1242
taus1251
tbol1240
tehu1242
teiw1236
tele1256
telu1262
temm1241
tenn1246
tequ1245
tera1251
tetu1245
None
thai1261
dhal1245
thao1240
tayy1238
tibe1272
tifa1245
tigr1270
tigr1271
tiii1241
tiko1237
tima1241
timu1262
tind1238
tiru1241
tita1241
Na-Dene
toba1269
tokh1241
tokh1243
kara1462
tojo1241
tokp1240
toka1244
toke1240
kuan1248
tomm1242
tong1325
esca1235
toto1305
moxo1234
chuu1238
tsak1249
tsha1245
dido1241
tsha1247
mose1249
tsou1248
cuda1238
tswa1253
tuam1242
tuba1278
tuca1252
tuka1247
tulu1258
tund1255
nort2745
tune1260
tuni1252
nucl1301
turk1304
yaga1256
tuva1244
tuvi1240
tuyu1244
tver1240
tzot1259
udii1243
udii1243
udmu1245
uduk1239
ugar1238
uigh1240
ukra1253
ulch1241
wuz1236
umaa1242
ghul1238
uppe1395
urii1240
urum1249
utee1244
dudu1240
uzbe1247
pile1238
vaii1241
wamb1258
vent1242
veps1250
viet1252
none
voti1245
waaa1245
wabo1241
wadj1254
waga1260
wakh1245
wall1257
walm1241
wama1247
ketu1238
wamb1259
wana1272
wanc1238
vwan1235
wanm1242
want1252
waor1240
wapi1253
wapp1239
wara1300
nyun1247
ware1253
wari1264
wari1268
warl1255
warl1254
warl1256
warr1255
waru1265
wash1253
wask1241
wath1238
waur1244
waya1270
wayo1238
wayu1243
wels1247
wemb1241
west2354
futu1245
west2599
west1216
west2630
homs1234
west2555
west2618
wati1241
west2500
mono1275
hima1250
lamm1241
west2622
west2402
weta1245
weta1245
weta1245
hmong1333
wikm1247
wikc1234
hoch1243
nucl1651
wira1265
wiru1244
mini1256
muru1274
wola1253
wole1240
woli1241
woli1241
nucl1347
nung1290
wuvu1239
xamt1239
xava1240
xere1240
xokl1240
xuzh1234
yabe1254
yaga1260
yagn1238
yagu1244
yagw1240
yama1264
yahi1243
yaku1245
yamd1240
yami1254
yami1255
yand1252
yang1304
nako1239
yank1247
yano1262
yano1261
iumi1238
yaqa1246
yaqu1251
pume1238
yavi1244
yawe1241
yawu1244
yazg1240
budu1265
kora1294
yeko1240
sout2941
yidd1255
yidg1240
yidi1250
yimc1240
yiry1245
yoru1245
yuca1254
yuca1254
yuch1247
yugh1239
yuki1243
yulp1239
yupi1267
yuro1248
yuwa1244
zaca1242
zaza1246
deba1238
juho1239
zigu1244
zinz1238
zotu1235
zulu1248
zuni1245
zayy1238
auni1244
xamm1241
kxau1241
ngke1238
taa1242
Realization Type
Polysemy
Semantic evolution
Derivation
Motivation
Cognates
Internal cognates
Syncretism
Borrowing
Strange1
Lexeme
Exact form
Shift ID