The Database of Semantic Shifts in the languages of the world

268 shifts found

[{"direction": "\u2192", "id": 10, "source": "to call", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to read", "target_tags": "Cognition"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 11, "source": "to calculate, count", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Cognition", "target": "to tell", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 66, "source": "to make noise", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Properties; Physical Properties. Sound", "target": "to speak", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 77, "source": "to listen", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Perception. Auditory", "target": "to keep silent", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 80, "source": "to turn, rotate (tr.)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Motion", "target": "to translate", "target_tags": "Speech; Text"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 86, "source": "to call", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to cause", "target_tags": "Abstract Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 99, "source": "to search, look for", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Cognition", "target": "to ask for, request", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 162, "source": "to drive, force to move on", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Motion", "target": "to tell lies", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 163, "source": "to return (tr.)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Motion", "target": "to answer", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 167, "source": "foam", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "chatter, idle talk", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 168, "source": "to shoot", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Artifacts; Artifacts. Weapons", "target": "to tell lies", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 171, "source": "to strike, hit", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to tell lies", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 180, "source": "to break (tr.)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to confess", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 198, "source": "to vomit", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physiology", "target": "to swear, curse", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 237, "source": "to tear off, peel off", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to carp, criticize", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 239, "source": "to make scratches", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to write", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 302, "source": "to throw", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to tell lies", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 438, "source": "word", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "letter (character)", "target_tags": "Semiotics; Text"}, {"direction": "\u2194", "id": 444, "source": "to think, consider", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Cognition", "target": "to speak", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 489, "source": "mouth", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Body Parts", "target": "speech", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 586, "source": "dog", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Animals; Animals. Domestic Animals", "target": "\u003ccurse: bad person\u003e", "target_tags": "Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 609, "source": "news", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech; Text", "target": "bribe", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 625, "source": "noise", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Properties; Physical Properties. Sound", "target": "rumour", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 628, "source": "cattle", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Animals; Animals. Domestic Animals", "target": "\u003ccurse: bad person\u003e", "target_tags": "Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 647, "source": "to play (intr.)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "joke", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 654, "source": "to shout", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to cry, weep", "target_tags": "Emotions"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 696, "source": "to shoot", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Artifacts; Artifacts. Weapons", "target": "to ask for, request", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 744, "source": "tongue (body part)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Body Parts", "target": "language", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 761, "source": "to braid, plait, weave", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Artifacts", "target": "to tell lies", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 833, "source": "to shine, glitter", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Properties; Physical Properties. Light", "target": "to shout", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 843, "source": "to speak", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to practice witchcraft", "target_tags": "Magic"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 914, "source": "to draw, paint", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Artifacts", "target": "to write", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2194", "id": 960, "source": "to ask for, request", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to ask, inquire", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 982, "source": "to speak", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to show, indicate", "target_tags": "Perception; Perception. Visual"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 989, "source": "to push", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to hint", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1033, "source": "to stink", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Perception; Perception. Olfactory", "target": "to scold", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2194", "id": 1089, "source": "to want", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Volition", "target": "to ask, inquire", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1094, "source": "to speak", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "rumour", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1115, "source": "to knock", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to inform, let know", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1142, "source": "to hear", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Perception; Perception. Auditory", "target": "rumour", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1168, "source": "to speak", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to order, command", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1230, "source": "to strike, hit", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to speak", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1231, "source": "to bark", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Animals", "target": "to shout", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1242, "source": "to shake", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to speak", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1275, "source": "to break (tr.)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to scold", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1313, "source": "pig (Sus scrofa)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Animals; Animals. Mammals", "target": "\u003ccurse: bad person\u003e", "target_tags": "Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1324, "source": "to scratch (when itches)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physiology", "target": "to scold", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1391, "source": "to sing", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to glorify", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1455, "source": "to call", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to name", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1499, "source": "to name", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to scold", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 1510, "source": "to sing", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to cry, weep", "target_tags": "Emotions"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1545, "source": "to speak", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to scold", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1584, "source": "to speak", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "because of", "target_tags": "Connectives"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1603, "source": "Romani", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Ethnonyms", "target": "to ask for, request", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1687, "source": "to write", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to learn, study", "target_tags": "Cognition"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 1689, "source": "to calculate, count", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Cognition", "target": "to repeat", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1730, "source": "to bark", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Animals", "target": "to tell lies", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1747, "source": "lip", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Body Parts", "target": "word", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1775, "source": "to repeat", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to tell", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1799, "source": "to call", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to make a telephone call", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1817, "source": "to make black", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Properties; Physical Properties. Colour", "target": "to slander", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 1842, "source": "conversation", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Social Actions and Relations; Speech", "target": "feast, holiday", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1903, "source": "to do, act", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "verb", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1910, "source": "to gnaw", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to carp, criticize", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1936, "source": "to mill, grind", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to talk nonsense", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 1942, "source": "to cackle, cluck", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Physical Properties; Physical Properties. Sound", "target": "to speak", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 1991, "source": "word", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "matter, affair", "target_tags": "Abstract Entities"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 2051, "source": "to open (tr.)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to explain", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 2136, "source": "to speak", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to foresee", "target_tags": "Cognition"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 2142, "source": "to bark", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Animals", "target": "to joke", "target_tags": "Emotions; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 2216, "source": "bastard", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Human Beings; Human Beings. Social Status", "target": "\u003ccurse: bad person\u003e", "target_tags": "Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 2251, "source": "to speak", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to have opinion", "target_tags": "Cognition"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 2254, "source": "to become dense", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Properties", "target": "to keep silent", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 2264, "source": "to chew", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physiology", "target": "to explain", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 2313, "source": "to answer", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to be responsible for", "target_tags": "Human Qualities"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 2500, "source": "to swear, vow", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to swear, curse", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 2585, "source": "to hope", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Emotions", "target": "to ask for, request", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 2608, "source": "to play (intr.)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to speak", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 2613, "source": "common, shared", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Abstract Relations", "target": "to inform, let know", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 2633, "source": "to promise", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Social Actions and Relations", "target": "to answer", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 2675, "source": "to shout", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to call", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 2697, "source": "to blow", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to speak", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 2732, "source": "to throw", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to speak", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 2740, "source": "to ask, inquire", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to teach", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 2766, "source": "to answer", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to agree", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 2774, "source": "to roast", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Food and Drinks", "target": "to scold", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 2783, "source": "to move, to shift, to transfer", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Motion", "target": "to translate", "target_tags": "Speech; Text"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 2827, "source": "to thrust (into)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to scold", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 2907, "source": "to lose one\u0027s way", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Motion", "target": "to tell lies", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 2974, "source": "to speak", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to tell a person\u0027s fortune", "target_tags": "Magic"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3166, "source": "to sing", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "rooster", "target_tags": "Animals; Animals. Birds; Animals. Domestic Animals"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3196, "source": "tongue (body part)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Body Parts", "target": "rumour", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3212, "source": "to sing", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to read", "target_tags": "Cognition"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 3220, "source": "to answer", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to help, aid", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3236, "source": "whisper", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "intrigue", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3248, "source": "shout, scream", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Perception. Auditory; Speech", "target": "unit of length", "target_tags": "Units of Measurement"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3268, "source": "to shout", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "puffball", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Mushrooms"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3310, "source": "\u003cto treat with a sharp instrument\u003e", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to scold", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3320, "source": "to speak", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to promise", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3358, "source": "to sing", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to practice witchcraft", "target_tags": "Magic"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3389, "source": "to ask, inquire", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to torture", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3406, "source": "mind (n.)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Cognition", "target": "joke", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3455, "source": "conversation", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Social Actions and Relations; Speech", "target": "custom, habit", "target_tags": "Abstract Entities; Social Institutions"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3486, "source": "to repeat", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to learn, study", "target_tags": "Cognition"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3487, "source": "to raise, lift (tr.)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to bring up (a subject)", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3501, "source": "word", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "thing", "target_tags": "Abstract Entities"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3506, "source": "to say", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to name", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 3623, "source": "to ask for, request", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to buy", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 3641, "source": "to sing", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to dance", "target_tags": "Physical Actions"}, {"direction": "\u2194", "id": 3646, "source": "to ask for, request", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to tell", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3675, "source": "word", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "speech", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2194", "id": 3680, "source": "to do, act", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to speak", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3685, "source": "to untie, unbind", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to explain", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 3751, "source": "to creak", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Properties; Physical Properties. Sound", "target": "to scream", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3752, "source": "to blow", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to whisper", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 3766, "source": "to call", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to mention", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 3825, "source": "to sing", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "fly agaric (Amanita muscaria)", "target_tags": "Plants; Plants. Mushrooms"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3845, "source": "literally", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Discourse Markers", "target": "figuratively", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3865, "source": "mother", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Human Beings; Human Beings. Kinship", "target": "mother tongue", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3926, "source": "word", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "verb", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 3954, "source": "word", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "language", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 3961, "source": "to spell", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to practice witchcraft", "target_tags": "Magic"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 4077, "source": "smell (n.)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Perception; Perception. Olfactory", "target": "news", "target_tags": "Speech; Text"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4111, "source": "to sing", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "shaman", "target_tags": "Human Beings. Professions; Religion"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4171, "source": "atheist", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Religion", "target": "\u003ccurse: bad person\u003e", "target_tags": "Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4242, "source": "to move (tr.)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Motion", "target": "to perform (a speech act)", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4359, "source": "to say", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to like", "target_tags": "Emotions"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 4361, "source": "voice", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Body Parts", "target": "word", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 4363, "source": "voice", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Body Parts", "target": "language", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4375, "source": "to ask for, request", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to pray", "target_tags": "Religion"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4377, "source": "to read", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Cognition", "target": "to scold", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 4379, "source": "to ask, inquire", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "ear", "target_tags": "Body Parts"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4594, "source": "syllable", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "byte", "target_tags": "Scientific Terms"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4605, "source": "battle", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Social Actions and Relations", "target": "dispute, discussion", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4607, "source": "to be tied", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to stammer, stutter", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 4641, "source": "to rivet", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Artifacts. Tools", "target": "to slander", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4643, "source": "to put out", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to tell", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4694, "source": "to speak", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to prove, to argue", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4704, "source": "to add", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Social Actions and Relations", "target": "to inform, let know", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4712, "source": "to explain", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to translate", "target_tags": "Speech; Text"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4727, "source": "sod (stratum of soil)", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Physical Objects", "target": "oath", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4738, "source": "to bend (tr.)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to swear, curse", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4788, "source": "to see/to look at", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Perception; Perception. Visual", "target": "to discuss", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4835, "source": "to call", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to cost", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 4948, "source": "to defecate", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physiology", "target": "to slander", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 4957, "source": "to dance", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to joke", "target_tags": "Emotions; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 5053, "source": "to answer", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to correspond", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 5054, "source": "to speak", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to correspond", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 5122, "source": "to inform, let know", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to accuse, blame", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 5219, "source": "wind", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Meteorology", "target": "rumour", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 5320, "source": "lightning", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Meteorology", "target": "\u003ccurse\u003e", "target_tags": "Evaluation; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 5392, "source": "word", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "letter (text)", "target_tags": "Semiotics; Text"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 5393, "source": "word", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "book (n.)", "target_tags": "Artifacts; Text"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 5430, "source": "to go out", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Motion", "target": "to speak", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 5467, "source": "body part", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Body Parts", "target": "syllable", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 5568, "source": "to say", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to ask in marriage", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 5728, "source": "promise (n.)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Social Actions and Relations; Speech", "target": "will (legal document)", "target_tags": "Text"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 5844, "source": "bitch, female dog", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Animals. Domestic Animals", "target": "\u003ccurse: bad person\u003e", "target_tags": "Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 5887, "source": "to speak", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to live, be alive", "target_tags": "Existence"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 5901, "source": "to joke", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Emotions; Speech", "target": "easy", "target_tags": "Evaluation"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 5929, "source": "dialect", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "tone", "target_tags": "Physical Properties; Physical Properties. Sound"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 5966, "source": "to lick", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Perception. Gustatory", "target": "rumour", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 6064, "source": "to ask, inquire", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to read", "target_tags": "Cognition"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6065, "source": "to ask, inquire", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to tell a person\u0027s fortune", "target_tags": "Magic"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6076, "source": "to ride (e.g., a horse)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Motion", "target": "to tell lies", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6099, "source": "to call", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to reconcile", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2194", "id": 6191, "source": "to read", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Cognition", "target": "to speak", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6195, "source": "to call", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to invite", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 6285, "source": "to joke", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Emotions; Speech", "target": "to teach", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 6289, "source": "to tell lies", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to mock", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6313, "source": "to fall (of rain, snow)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Meteorology", "target": "to swear, curse", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6327, "source": "evil spirit", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Religion; Supernatural Beings", "target": "\u003ccurse: bad person\u003e", "target_tags": "Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6349, "source": "to eat", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physiology", "target": "to swear, curse", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6384, "source": "to break (tr.)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to answer", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6415, "source": "to speak", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to teach", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6424, "source": "to draw, paint", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Artifacts", "target": "to tell lies", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6425, "source": "to clothe", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Artifacts; Artifacts. Clothes and Footwear", "target": "to tell lies", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6434, "source": "word", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "rumour", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6556, "source": "word", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "contract, treaty", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 6565, "source": "to speak", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to imitate", "target_tags": "Cognition"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6582, "source": "to unfold, unwind", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to explain", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6587, "source": "to speak", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to behave well", "target_tags": "Evaluation; Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6590, "source": "to answer", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "revenge", "target_tags": "Interpersonal Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6591, "source": "to answer", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "punishment", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6632, "source": "to braid, plait, weave", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Artifacts", "target": "to tell", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6655, "source": "to scream", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "longhorn beetle", "target_tags": "Animals; Animals. Arthropods; Animals. Insects"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6661, "source": "to say", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to mean", "target_tags": "Cognition"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6776, "source": "chatter, idle talk", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "false, wrong", "target_tags": "Evaluation"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6820, "source": "to mix, stir", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to talk nonsense", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6827, "source": "palate", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Internal Organs", "target": "conversation", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6835, "source": "worm", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Animals; Animals. Invertebrates", "target": "\u003ccurse: bad person\u003e", "target_tags": "Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6838, "source": "to scald", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Processes", "target": "to scold", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6843, "source": "gas", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "nonsense", "target_tags": "Logical; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6850, "source": "animal", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Animals", "target": "\u003ccurse: bad person\u003e", "target_tags": "Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 6857, "source": "objection, contradiction", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Abstract Relations", "target": "lie (n.), untruth", "target_tags": "Evaluation; Semiotics; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 6933, "source": "to ask for, request", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to be hungry", "target_tags": "Physiology"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7001, "source": "\u003cperson of a different faith\u003e", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Human Beings", "target": "\u003ccurse: bad person\u003e", "target_tags": "Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7004, "source": "whore", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Human Beings; Human Beings. Social Status", "target": "\u003ccurse: bad person\u003e", "target_tags": "Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7006, "source": "to caulk", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Artifacts; Artifacts. Tools", "target": "to scold", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7007, "source": "tin (n.)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Substances and Materials", "target": "to scold", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7075, "source": "to whisper", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to snitch", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7088, "source": "to call", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to remember, recall", "target_tags": "Cognition"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7126, "source": "to sculpt in clay", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Artifacts", "target": "to slander", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7133, "source": "to throw on the ground", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to slander", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7134, "source": "to smear, anoint", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to slander", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 7176, "source": "mind (n.)", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Cognition", "target": "advice", "target_tags": "Interpersonal Relations; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7330, "source": "to sing", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "Eurasian skylark", "target_tags": "Animals; Animals. Birds"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7331, "source": "to sing", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to perform a shamanistic ritual", "target_tags": "Magic"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7472, "source": "time", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Time", "target": "verb", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7672, "source": "to bite", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to scold", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7762, "source": "thought, idea", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Cognition", "target": "advice", "target_tags": "Interpersonal Relations; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7847, "source": "sound", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Properties; Physical Properties. Sound", "target": "news", "target_tags": "Speech; Text"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7879, "source": "news", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech; Text", "target": "newspaper", "target_tags": "Text"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7880, "source": "interesting", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Abstract Entities; Cognition", "target": "news", "target_tags": "Speech; Text"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 7883, "source": "to ask, inquire", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to learn, study", "target_tags": "Cognition"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 7950, "source": "to ask for, request", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to need", "target_tags": "Volition"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7951, "source": "to ask for, request", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to invite", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 7997, "source": "to talk nonsense", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to go mad", "target_tags": "Physiology"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 8000, "source": "to hate, dislike", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Emotions", "target": "to slander", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 8029, "source": "to ask for, request", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to want", "target_tags": "Volition"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 8035, "source": "to speak", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to bequeath", "target_tags": "Possession"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 8044, "source": "to cut", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to speak", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 8242, "source": "mouth", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Body Parts", "target": "language", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 8244, "source": "to answer", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to obey", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 8429, "source": "popcorn", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Food and Drinks", "target": "lie (n.), untruth", "target_tags": "Evaluation; Semiotics; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 8433, "source": "empty", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Properties", "target": "nonsense", "target_tags": "Logical; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 8446, "source": "to put", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to name", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 8518, "source": "melody, tune", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Properties. Sound", "target": "dialect", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 8577, "source": "to name", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to order, command", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 8619, "source": "to write", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to order, command", "target_tags": "Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 8798, "source": "to get stuck", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Motion", "target": "to stammer, stutter", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 8845, "source": "conversation", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Social Actions and Relations; Speech", "target": "language", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 8847, "source": "to get caught", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Social Actions and Relations", "target": "to stammer, stutter", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 8850, "source": "to teach", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Social Actions and Relations", "target": "to answer", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 8901, "source": "to wash (clothes)", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Artifacts. Clothes and Footwear; Physical Actions", "target": "to scold", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 8933, "source": "to shine, glitter", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Properties; Physical Properties. Light", "target": "to reveal", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9231, "source": "mushroom", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Plants; Plants. Mushrooms", "target": "lie (n.), untruth", "target_tags": "Evaluation; Semiotics; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9238, "source": "disease", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Diseases", "target": "\u003ccurse: bad person\u003e", "target_tags": "Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9239, "source": "germ, microorganism", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Animals. Invertebrates", "target": "\u003ccurse: bad person\u003e", "target_tags": "Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9340, "source": "to chirp, twitter (birds)", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Perception. Auditory; Physical Properties. Sound", "target": "chatter, idle talk", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9368, "source": "carrion", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Physical Objects; Substances and Materials", "target": "\u003ccurse: bad person\u003e", "target_tags": "Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9369, "source": "to sing", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to talk nonsense", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9395, "source": "chatter, idle talk", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "parrot", "target_tags": "Animals; Animals. Birds"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 9407, "source": "language", "source2": null, "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to quarrel", "target_tags": "Interpersonal Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 9476, "source": "to hear / to listen", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Perception; Perception. Auditory", "target": "to ask, inquire", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9532, "source": "host (Christianity)", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Religion", "target": "\u003ccurse\u003e", "target_tags": "Evaluation; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9534, "source": "to ask for, request", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "beggar", "target_tags": "Human Beings; Human Beings. Social Status"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9535, "source": "to ask, inquire", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "beggar", "target_tags": "Human Beings; Human Beings. Social Status"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9547, "source": "to scold", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to swear, curse", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9548, "source": "sacred, holy", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Religion", "target": "\u003ccurse: bad person\u003e", "target_tags": "Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9625, "source": "question", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "hardship", "target_tags": "Abstract Entities"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9626, "source": "to ask, inquire", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "duty, responsibility", "target_tags": "Abstract Entities; Cognition; Social Actions and Relations"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 9629, "source": "to say", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to sing", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9630, "source": "to call", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to awaken, wake up", "target_tags": "Physiology"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9748, "source": "to shout", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to sing", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9844, "source": "to call", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "vocation", "target_tags": "Human Beings; Human Beings. Professions"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9977, "source": "to laugh", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Emotions", "target": "to joke", "target_tags": "Emotions; Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 9980, "source": "to shout", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to laugh", "target_tags": "Emotions"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 10019, "source": "to have sexual desire", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Emotions", "target": "to talk nonsense", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 10051, "source": "to make yarn", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to tell", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 10061, "source": "to cry, weep", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Emotions", "target": "to grumble", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 10079, "source": "advice", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Interpersonal Relations; Speech", "target": "council", "target_tags": "Social Institutions"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 10094, "source": "to clean", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to explain", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2194", "id": 10119, "source": "language", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "people, nation", "target_tags": "Human Beings; Social Institutions"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 10161, "source": "to illuminate, enlighten", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Physical Actions", "target": "to explain", "target_tags": "Speech"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 10215, "source": "to shout", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to get angry", "target_tags": "Emotions"}, {"direction": "\u2192", "id": 10237, "source": "word", "source2": "box, container", "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "dictionary", "target_tags": "Text"}, {"direction": "\u2014", "id": 10278, "source": "to keep silent", "source2": "", "source_tags": "Speech", "target": "to melt, thaw", "target_tags": "Physical Processes"}]

ID	Meaning 1	Taxons 1	Direction	Meaning 2	Taxons 2
10	to call	Speech	→	to read	Cognition
11	to calculate, count	Cognition	→	to tell	Speech
66	to make noise	Physical Properties; Sound	→	to speak	Speech
77	to listen	Auditory	→	to keep silent	Speech
80	to turn, rotate (tr.)	Motion	→	to translate	Speech; Text
86	to call	Speech	→	to cause	Abstract Relations
99	to search, look for	Cognition	→	to ask for, request	Speech
162	to drive, force to move on	Motion	→	to tell lies	Speech
163	to return (tr.)	Motion	→	to answer	Speech
167	foam	Substances and Materials	→	chatter, idle talk	Speech
168	to shoot	Artifacts; Weapons	→	to tell lies	Speech
171	to strike, hit	Physical Actions	→	to tell lies	Speech
180	to break (tr.)	Physical Actions	→	to confess	Speech
198	to vomit	Physiology	→	to swear, curse	Speech
237	to tear off, peel off	Physical Actions	→	to carp, criticize	Speech
239	to make scratches	Physical Actions	→	to write	Speech
302	to throw	Physical Actions	→	to tell lies	Speech
438	word	Speech	—	letter (character)	Semiotics; Text
444	to think, consider	Cognition	↔	to speak	Speech
489	mouth	Body Parts	→	speech	Speech
586	dog	Animals; Domestic Animals	→	<curse: bad person>	Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech
609	news	Speech; Text	—	bribe	Social Actions and Relations
625	noise	Physical Properties; Sound	→	rumour	Speech
628	cattle	Animals; Domestic Animals	→	<curse: bad person>	Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech
647	to play (intr.)	Physical Actions	→	joke	Speech
654	to shout	Speech	→	to cry, weep	Emotions
696	to shoot	Artifacts; Weapons	→	to ask for, request	Speech
744	tongue (body part)	Body Parts	→	language	Speech
761	to braid, plait, weave	Artifacts	→	to tell lies	Speech
833	to shine, glitter	Physical Properties; Light	—	to shout	Speech
843	to speak	Speech	→	to practice witchcraft	Magic
914	to draw, paint	Artifacts	—	to write	Speech
960	to ask for, request	Speech	↔	to ask, inquire	Speech
982	to speak	Speech	—	to show, indicate	Perception; Visual
989	to push	Physical Actions	—	to hint	Speech
1033	to stink	Perception; Olfactory	→	to scold	Speech
1089	to want	Volition	↔	to ask, inquire	Speech
1094	to speak	Speech	→	rumour	Speech
1115	to knock	Physical Actions	→	to inform, let know	Speech
1142	to hear	Perception; Auditory	→	rumour	Speech
1168	to speak	Speech	→	to order, command	Social Actions and Relations
1230	to strike, hit	Physical Actions	→	to speak	Speech
1231	to bark	Animals	→	to shout	Speech
1242	to shake	Physical Actions	→	to speak	Speech
1275	to break (tr.)	Physical Actions	→	to scold	Speech
1313	pig (Sus scrofa)	Animals; Mammals	→	<curse: bad person>	Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech
1324	to scratch (when itches)	Physiology	→	to scold	Speech
1391	to sing	Speech	→	to glorify	Social Actions and Relations
1455	to call	Speech	→	to name	Speech
1499	to name	Speech	→	to scold	Speech
1510	to sing	Speech	—	to cry, weep	Emotions
1545	to speak	Speech	→	to scold	Speech
1584	to speak	Speech	→	because of	Connectives
1603	Romani	Ethnonyms	→	to ask for, request	Speech
1687	to write	Speech	→	to learn, study	Cognition
1689	to calculate, count	Cognition	—	to repeat	Speech
1730	to bark	Animals	→	to tell lies	Speech
1747	lip	Body Parts	→	word	Speech
1775	to repeat	Speech	→	to tell	Speech
1799	to call	Speech	→	to make a telephone call	Social Actions and Relations
1817	to make black	Physical Properties; Colour	→	to slander	Speech
1842	conversation	Social Actions and Relations; Speech	—	feast, holiday	Social Actions and Relations
1903	to do, act	Physical Actions	→	verb	Speech
1910	to gnaw	Physical Actions	→	to carp, criticize	Speech
1936	to mill, grind	Physical Actions	→	to talk nonsense	Speech
1942	to cackle, cluck	Physical Properties; Sound	→	to speak	Speech
1991	word	Speech	—	matter, affair	Abstract Entities
2051	to open (tr.)	Physical Actions	→	to explain	Speech
2136	to speak	Speech	→	to foresee	Cognition
2142	to bark	Animals	—	to joke	Emotions; Speech
2216	bastard	Human Beings; Social Status	→	<curse: bad person>	Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech
2251	to speak	Speech	→	to have opinion	Cognition
2254	to become dense	Physical Properties	—	to keep silent	Speech
2264	to chew	Physiology	→	to explain	Speech
2313	to answer	Speech	→	to be responsible for	Human Qualities
2500	to swear, vow	Speech	→	to swear, curse	Speech
2585	to hope	Emotions	—	to ask for, request	Speech
2608	to play (intr.)	Physical Actions	→	to speak	Speech
2613	common, shared	Abstract Relations	→	to inform, let know	Speech
2633	to promise	Social Actions and Relations	→	to answer	Speech
2675	to shout	Speech	→	to call	Speech
2697	to blow	Physical Actions	→	to speak	Speech
2732	to throw	Physical Actions	→	to speak	Speech
2740	to ask, inquire	Speech	→	to teach	Social Actions and Relations
2766	to answer	Speech	—	to agree	Social Actions and Relations
2774	to roast	Food and Drinks	→	to scold	Speech
2783	to move, to shift, to transfer	Motion	→	to translate	Speech; Text
2827	to thrust (into)	Physical Actions	→	to scold	Speech
2907	to lose one's way	Motion	→	to tell lies	Speech
2974	to speak	Speech	—	to tell a person's fortune	Magic
3166	to sing	Speech	→	rooster	Animals; Birds; Domestic Animals
3196	tongue (body part)	Body Parts	→	rumour	Speech
3212	to sing	Speech	→	to read	Cognition
3220	to answer	Speech	—	to help, aid	Social Actions and Relations
3236	whisper	Speech	→	intrigue	Social Actions and Relations
3248	shout, scream	Auditory; Speech	→	unit of length	Units of Measurement
3268	to shout	Speech	→	puffball	Plants; Mushrooms
3310	<to treat with a sharp instrument>	Physical Actions	→	to scold	Speech
3320	to speak	Speech	→	to promise	Social Actions and Relations
3358	to sing	Speech	→	to practice witchcraft	Magic
3389	to ask, inquire	Speech	→	to torture	Social Actions and Relations
3406	mind (n.)	Cognition	→	joke	Speech
3455	conversation	Social Actions and Relations; Speech	→	custom, habit	Abstract Entities; Social Institutions
3486	to repeat	Speech	→	to learn, study	Cognition
3487	to raise, lift (tr.)	Physical Actions	→	to bring up (a subject)	Speech
3501	word	Speech	→	thing	Abstract Entities
3506	to say	Speech	→	to name	Speech
3623	to ask for, request	Speech	—	to buy	Social Actions and Relations
3641	to sing	Speech	—	to dance	Physical Actions
3646	to ask for, request	Speech	↔	to tell	Speech
3675	word	Speech	→	speech	Speech
3680	to do, act	Physical Actions	↔	to speak	Speech
3685	to untie, unbind	Physical Actions	→	to explain	Speech
3751	to creak	Physical Properties; Sound	—	to scream	Speech
3752	to blow	Physical Actions	→	to whisper	Speech
3766	to call	Speech	—	to mention	Speech
3825	to sing	Speech	—	fly agaric (Amanita muscaria)	Plants; Mushrooms
3845	literally	Discourse Markers	→	figuratively	Speech
3865	mother	Human Beings; Kinship	→	mother tongue	Speech
3926	word	Speech	→	verb	Speech
3954	word	Speech	—	language	Speech
3961	to spell	Speech	→	to practice witchcraft	Magic
4077	smell (n.)	Perception; Olfactory	—	news	Speech; Text
4111	to sing	Speech	→	shaman	Professions; Religion
4171	atheist	Religion	→	<curse: bad person>	Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech
4242	to move (tr.)	Motion	→	to perform (a speech act)	Speech
4359	to say	Speech	→	to like	Emotions
4361	voice	Body Parts	—	word	Speech
4363	voice	Body Parts	—	language	Speech
4375	to ask for, request	Speech	→	to pray	Religion
4377	to read	Cognition	→	to scold	Speech
4379	to ask, inquire	Speech	—	ear	Body Parts
4594	syllable	Speech	→	byte	Scientific Terms
4605	battle	Social Actions and Relations	→	dispute, discussion	Social Actions and Relations; Speech
4607	to be tied	Physical Actions	→	to stammer, stutter	Speech
4641	to rivet	Tools	—	to slander	Speech
4643	to put out	Physical Actions	→	to tell	Speech
4694	to speak	Speech	→	to prove, to argue	Social Actions and Relations
4704	to add	Social Actions and Relations	→	to inform, let know	Speech
4712	to explain	Speech	→	to translate	Speech; Text
4727	sod (stratum of soil)	Physical Objects	→	oath	Speech
4738	to bend (tr.)	Physical Actions	→	to swear, curse	Speech
4788	to see/to look at	Perception; Visual	→	to discuss	Speech
4835	to call	Speech	→	to cost	Social Actions and Relations
4948	to defecate	Physiology	→	to slander	Speech
4957	to dance	Physical Actions	—	to joke	Emotions; Speech
5053	to answer	Speech	→	to correspond	Social Actions and Relations
5054	to speak	Speech	→	to correspond	Social Actions and Relations
5122	to inform, let know	Speech	→	to accuse, blame	Social Actions and Relations
5219	wind	Meteorology	→	rumour	Speech
5320	lightning	Meteorology	→	<curse>	Evaluation; Speech
5392	word	Speech	—	letter (text)	Semiotics; Text
5393	word	Speech	—	book (n.)	Artifacts; Text
5430	to go out	Motion	→	to speak	Speech
5467	body part	Body Parts	→	syllable	Speech
5568	to say	Speech	→	to ask in marriage	Social Actions and Relations
5728	promise (n.)	Social Actions and Relations; Speech	→	will (legal document)	Text
5844	bitch, female dog	Domestic Animals	→	<curse: bad person>	Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech
5887	to speak	Speech	→	to live, be alive	Existence
5901	to joke	Emotions; Speech	→	easy	Evaluation
5929	dialect	Speech	—	tone	Physical Properties; Sound
5966	to lick	Gustatory	→	rumour	Speech
6064	to ask, inquire	Speech	—	to read	Cognition
6065	to ask, inquire	Speech	→	to tell a person's fortune	Magic
6076	to ride (e.g., a horse)	Motion	→	to tell lies	Speech
6099	to call	Speech	→	to reconcile	Social Actions and Relations
6191	to read	Cognition	↔	to speak	Speech
6195	to call	Speech	→	to invite	Social Actions and Relations
6285	to joke	Emotions; Speech	—	to teach	Social Actions and Relations
6289	to tell lies	Speech	—	to mock	Social Actions and Relations
6313	to fall (of rain, snow)	Meteorology	→	to swear, curse	Speech
6327	evil spirit	Religion; Supernatural Beings	→	<curse: bad person>	Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech
6349	to eat	Physiology	→	to swear, curse	Speech
6384	to break (tr.)	Physical Actions	→	to answer	Speech
6415	to speak	Speech	→	to teach	Social Actions and Relations
6424	to draw, paint	Artifacts	→	to tell lies	Speech
6425	to clothe	Artifacts; Clothes and Footwear	→	to tell lies	Speech
6434	word	Speech	→	rumour	Speech
6556	word	Speech	→	contract, treaty	Social Actions and Relations
6565	to speak	Speech	—	to imitate	Cognition
6582	to unfold, unwind	Physical Actions	→	to explain	Speech
6587	to speak	Speech	→	to behave well	Evaluation; Social Actions and Relations
6590	to answer	Speech	→	revenge	Interpersonal Relations
6591	to answer	Speech	→	punishment	Social Actions and Relations
6632	to braid, plait, weave	Artifacts	→	to tell	Speech
6655	to scream	Speech	→	longhorn beetle	Animals; Arthropods; Insects
6661	to say	Speech	→	to mean	Cognition
6776	chatter, idle talk	Speech	→	false, wrong	Evaluation
6820	to mix, stir	Physical Actions	→	to talk nonsense	Speech
6827	palate	Internal Organs	→	conversation	Social Actions and Relations; Speech
6835	worm	Animals; Invertebrates	→	<curse: bad person>	Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech
6838	to scald	Physical Processes	→	to scold	Speech
6843	gas	Substances and Materials	→	nonsense	Logical; Speech
6850	animal	Animals	→	<curse: bad person>	Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech
6857	objection, contradiction	Abstract Relations	→	lie (n.), untruth	Evaluation; Semiotics; Speech
6933	to ask for, request	Speech	—	to be hungry	Physiology
7001	<person of a different faith>	Human Beings	→	<curse: bad person>	Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech
7004	whore	Human Beings; Social Status	→	<curse: bad person>	Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech
7006	to caulk	Artifacts; Tools	→	to scold	Speech
7007	tin (n.)	Substances and Materials	→	to scold	Speech
7075	to whisper	Speech	→	to snitch	Social Actions and Relations
7088	to call	Speech	→	to remember, recall	Cognition
7126	to sculpt in clay	Artifacts	→	to slander	Speech
7133	to throw on the ground	Physical Actions	→	to slander	Speech
7134	to smear, anoint	Physical Actions	→	to slander	Speech
7176	mind (n.)	Cognition	—	advice	Interpersonal Relations; Speech
7330	to sing	Speech	→	Eurasian skylark	Animals; Birds
7331	to sing	Speech	→	to perform a shamanistic ritual	Magic
7472	time	Time	→	verb	Speech
7672	to bite	Physical Actions	→	to scold	Speech
7762	thought, idea	Cognition	→	advice	Interpersonal Relations; Speech
7847	sound	Physical Properties; Sound	→	news	Speech; Text
7879	news	Speech; Text	→	newspaper	Text
7880	interesting	Abstract Entities; Cognition	→	news	Speech; Text
7883	to ask, inquire	Speech	—	to learn, study	Cognition
7950	to ask for, request	Speech	—	to need	Volition
7951	to ask for, request	Speech	→	to invite	Social Actions and Relations
7997	to talk nonsense	Speech	→	to go mad	Physiology
8000	to hate, dislike	Emotions	→	to slander	Speech
8029	to ask for, request	Speech	—	to want	Volition
8035	to speak	Speech	→	to bequeath	Possession
8044	to cut	Physical Actions	→	to speak	Speech
8242	mouth	Body Parts	→	language	Speech
8244	to answer	Speech	→	to obey	Social Actions and Relations
8429	popcorn	Food and Drinks	→	lie (n.), untruth	Evaluation; Semiotics; Speech
8433	empty	Physical Properties	→	nonsense	Logical; Speech
8446	to put	Physical Actions	→	to name	Speech
8518	melody, tune	Sound	→	dialect	Speech
8577	to name	Speech	→	to order, command	Social Actions and Relations
8619	to write	Speech	→	to order, command	Social Actions and Relations
8798	to get stuck	Motion	→	to stammer, stutter	Speech
8845	conversation	Social Actions and Relations; Speech	—	language	Speech
8847	to get caught	Social Actions and Relations	→	to stammer, stutter	Speech
8850	to teach	Social Actions and Relations	→	to answer	Speech
8901	to wash (clothes)	Clothes and Footwear; Physical Actions	→	to scold	Speech
8933	to shine, glitter	Physical Properties; Light	→	to reveal	Speech
9231	mushroom	Plants; Mushrooms	→	lie (n.), untruth	Evaluation; Semiotics; Speech
9238	disease	Diseases	→	<curse: bad person>	Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech
9239	germ, microorganism	Invertebrates	→	<curse: bad person>	Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech
9340	to chirp, twitter (birds)	Auditory; Sound	→	chatter, idle talk	Speech
9368	carrion	Physical Objects; Substances and Materials	→	<curse: bad person>	Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech
9369	to sing	Speech	→	to talk nonsense	Speech
9395	chatter, idle talk	Speech	→	parrot	Animals; Birds
9407	language	Speech	—	to quarrel	Interpersonal Relations
9476	to hear / to listen	Perception; Auditory	—	to ask, inquire	Speech
9532	host (Christianity)	Religion	→	<curse>	Evaluation; Speech
9534	to ask for, request	Speech	→	beggar	Human Beings; Social Status
9535	to ask, inquire	Speech	→	beggar	Human Beings; Social Status
9547	to scold	Speech	→	to swear, curse	Speech
9548	sacred, holy	Religion	→	<curse: bad person>	Evaluation; Human Beings; Speech
9625	question	Speech	→	hardship	Abstract Entities
9626	to ask, inquire	Speech	→	duty, responsibility	Abstract Entities; Cognition; Social Actions and Relations
9629	to say	Speech	—	to sing	Speech
9630	to call	Speech	→	to awaken, wake up	Physiology
9748	to shout	Speech	→	to sing	Speech
9844	to call	Speech	→	vocation	Human Beings; Professions
9977	to laugh	Emotions	→	to joke	Emotions; Speech
9980	to shout	Speech	→	to laugh	Emotions
10019	to have sexual desire	Emotions	—	to talk nonsense	Speech
10051	to make yarn	Physical Actions	→	to tell	Speech
10061	to cry, weep	Emotions	→	to grumble	Speech
10079	advice	Interpersonal Relations; Speech	→	council	Social Institutions
10094	to clean	Physical Actions	→	to explain	Speech
10119	language	Speech	↔	people, nation	Human Beings; Social Institutions
10161	to illuminate, enlighten	Physical Actions	→	to explain	Speech
10215	to shout	Speech	→	to get angry	Emotions
10237	word + box, container	Speech	→	dictionary	Text
10278	to keep silent	Speech	—	to melt, thaw	Physical Processes