to know
→
to know how
17 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Mehri | |
| Lexeme | ġərōb | |
| Meaning 1 | to know | ġarbēhəm ġɛrbíyəhəm ḏə-hēm xəṣámha 'He knew they were his enemies.' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to know how (to do sth.) | əl əġōrəb l-əġətáyr ārəbáyt ə̌lá 'I wasn’t able to speak Arabic.' |
| Reference | ML: 140 | |
| Comment | Same polysemy in Harsusi (HL 45) and Jibbali (JL 88). |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Swahili | |
| Lexeme | jua | |
| Meaning 1 | to know | namjua mtu huyu 'I know this person' |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to be able of | jua kusoma; jua kuogelea 'to be able to read' |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Polikanov | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Czech | |
| Lexeme | umĕt | |
| Meaning 1 | to know [Павлович 1976] | umĕt česky 'to speak Czech' |
| Meaning 2 | to be able of | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | The same polysemy in Pol. umieć, cf. umieć na pamięć 'to know by heart'. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | French | |
| Lexeme | savoir | |
| Meaning 1 | to know | Savez-vous le nom de cette plante ? 'Do you know the name of this plant?' |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to be able of | Je sais nager 'I can swim' |
| Reference | Larousse online | |
| Comment | Cf. also Sp. saber, Ital. sapere (sapere leggere e scrivere 'to be able to read and to write') | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Tuvan | |
| Lexeme | бил- | |
| Meaning 1 | to know | |
| Meaning 2 | to be able of | номчуп билир 'to be able to read' |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Also Azer. bilmәk 'to know, to be able' | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Macedonian | |
| Lexeme | znae | |
| Meaning 1 | to know | |
| Meaning 2 | to be able of | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | [Толовски, Иллич-Свитыч 1963: 164] | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Aghul | |
| Lexeme 1 | ʜaa | |
| Lexeme 2 | aʜaa | |
| Meaning 1 | to know | |
| Meaning 2 | to be able of | |
| Reference | The same type of polysemy in Tsakhur. =aX:\a. | |
| Comment | The same type of polysemy in Tsakhur. =aX:\a. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Bagvalal | |
| Lexeme | b=ija | |
| Meaning 1 | to know | |
| Meaning 2 | to be able of | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Ancient Greek | |
| Lexeme | οἶδα | |
| Meaning 1 | to know, be acquainted with [+accusative = something] | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to know how to [+infinitive = do something] | |
| Reference | LSJ | |
| Comment | LSJ 483 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Amharic | |
| Lexeme | awwäḳä | |
| Meaning 1 | to know, be familiar with, be acquainted with, to know how to; to learn, acquire knowledge, become knowledgeable | bämulu yawḳut näbbär 'he used to know all about him. ' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to know how to | yäsäw muya sost aynät näw. andäññaw massäbən mawäḳ hulättäññaw männaggärən mawäḳ sostäññaw mäsratən mawäḳ 'The man's art is of three kinds: the first one is to be able to think, the second one is to be able to speak, the third one is to be able to do.' |
| Reference | AED: 1269 Tarikənna məssale: 5 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 11 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Norwegian | |
| Lexeme | kunne | |
| Meaning 1 | to know | kunne veien 'to know the way' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to know how, to be able | kunne sykle 'to be able to ride a bicycle' |
| Reference | BO | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 12 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Swedish | |
| Lexeme | kunna | |
| Meaning 1 | to have knowledge about | han kan alla Europas huvudstäder 'he knows all the European capitals' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to know how, to be able | hon kan spela piano 'she can play the piano' |
| Reference | SAO | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 13 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Icelandic | |
| Lexeme | kunna | |
| Meaning 1 | to know | ég kunni þetta kvæði einu sinni utanað 'once i knew this poem by heart' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to know how, to be able | hún kann svolítið á fiðlu 'she can play the violin a little' |
| Reference | ISLEX | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 14 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Hungarian | |
| Lexeme | tud | |
| Meaning 1 | to know | amennyire én tudom 'as far as I know' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to know how, to be able | nem tudok úszni 'I cannot swim' |
| Reference | Гальди 1974: 747 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 15 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Selkup | |
| Lexeme | тӓну́гу | |
| Meaning 1 | to know | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to know how | |
| Reference | Consolidated Selkup | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 16 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Semantic evolution | |
| Language | Irish Gaelic | |
| Lexeme | eolas | |
| Meaning 1 | to know | ar gcuid eolais as an saol 'what we know of life' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to know how | is beag a eolas ar an Laidin 'he has little knowledge of Latin' |
| Reference | Ó Dónaill 1977: 497 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 17 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Zulu | |
| Lexeme | azi | |
| Meaning 1 | to know | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to know how | |
| Reference | Луцков А.Д. Зулу-Русский словарь 2014: 12 | |
| Comment | ||
Cf. Petrova 2006.