to calculate, count
—
to read
38 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Kilivila | |
| Lexeme | -kalava- | |
| Meaning 1 | count | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | read | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Finnish | |
| Lexeme | luke- | |
| Meaning 1 | calculate, count | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | read | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Kiribati | |
| Lexeme | wareka | |
| Meaning 1 | count, calculate | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | read | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Kwamera | |
| Lexeme | -awsini | |
| Meaning 1 | count | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | read | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Sumerian | |
| Lexeme | šid | |
| Meaning 1 | to calculate, count | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to read aloud, recite | |
| Reference | Haser 2000: 181 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Nahuatl | |
| Lexeme | tlapōhua | |
| Meaning 1 | count | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | read | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Samoan | |
| Lexeme | faitau | |
| Meaning 1 | count | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | read | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Koryak | |
| Lexeme | йылӈык | |
| Meaning 1 | to count | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to read | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | КорРС 43 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Nganasan | |
| Lexeme | туобталудя | |
| Meaning 1 | to count | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to read | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | НМС 2924 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Yoruba | |
| Lexeme | kà | |
| Meaning 1 | count | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | read | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 11 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Mekeo | |
| Lexeme | e-kuapi (-na) | |
| Meaning 1 | count | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | read | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 12 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Kildin Saami | |
| Lexeme | лōгкэ | |
| Meaning 1 | to count | лōгкэ ōдтэсьт to count smb |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to read | лōгкэ ōд кнӣга to read a new book |
| Reference | Kuruč 1985: 161 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 13 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Old East Slavic | |
| Lexeme | чисти | |
| Meaning 1 | to count, to calculate | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to read | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | In Russian the derivatives of this verb acquired different meanings: считать 'to count' and читать 'to read'. Morphological relationships between the lexemes читать and считать is the following: читать - is the old imperfective form of чисти, считать is imperfecive. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 14 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Lak | |
| Lexeme | bukːin | |
| Meaning 1 | to count | цава-к1ива т1ий буккин to count in order |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to read | лу буккин to read a book |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | [Хайдаков 1962: 65] | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 15 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Udihe | |
| Lexeme | таŋи- | |
| Meaning 1 | to count | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to read | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Кормушин 1998, 293 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 16 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Dami (Marik) | |
| Lexeme | i-wese-ya | |
| Meaning 1 | count | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | read | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 17 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Takia | |
| Lexeme | -siti | |
| Meaning 1 | count | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | read | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 18 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Motu | |
| Lexeme | dulahi-a | |
| Meaning 1 | count | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | read | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 19 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Mari | |
| Lexeme | luɗa | |
| Meaning 1 | count | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | read | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 20 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Estonian | |
| Lexeme | lugema | |
| Meaning 1 | count | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | read, consider | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 21 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Itelmen | |
| Lexeme | ањл̹нэ'л̹кас | |
| Meaning 1 | to count | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to read | |
| Reference | Volodin, Xalojmova 1989: 14 PIRS: 163 | |
| Comment | ԓны- - PIRS |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 22 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Lango | |
| Lexeme | kwànnò, kwân | |
| Meaning 1 | count | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | read | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 23 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Maya | |
| Lexeme | xok | |
| Meaning 1 | count, number | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | read | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 24 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Tolai (Kuanua) | |
| Lexeme | luk | |
| Meaning 1 | count | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | read | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 25 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Navajo | |
| Lexeme | ʻííníshtaʼ | |
| Meaning 1 | count | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | read | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 26 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Itelmen | |
| Lexeme | л̹нэс | |
| Meaning 1 | to count | əњчэ'н қл̹ныхэ'н count the fish! |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to read | ты'н книга қл̹ных read this book |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Володин, Халоймова 52 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 27 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Udmurt | |
| Lexeme | лыдӟыны | |
| Meaning 1 | to read | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to calculate, count | |
| Reference | Kirillova 2008 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 28 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Thao | |
| Lexeme | shupilh | |
| Meaning 1 | to count | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to read | |
| Reference | ACD | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 29 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Paiwan | |
| Lexeme 1 | supu | |
| Lexeme 2 | ki-supu | |
| Meaning 1 | to sum, amount, number, count | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to read | |
| Reference | ACD | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 30 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Hungarian | |
| Lexeme | olvasni | |
| Meaning 1 | to calculate, count | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to read | |
| Reference | Gal’di 1987: 582 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 31 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Selkup | |
| Lexeme | то̄ргу | |
| Meaning 1 | to calculate, count | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to read | |
| Reference | Consolidated Selkup | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 32 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Rutul | |
| Lexeme | кьыле гьыъын / q'ɨle hɨʔɨn | |
| Meaning 1 | to calculate, count | йицIды йыкьама кьыле гьыъын / jic'dɨ jɨq'ama q'ɨle hɨʔɨn to count to ten |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to read | гъигьене кьыле гьыъын / ʁihene q'ɨle hɨʔɨn to read outloud |
| Reference | Ismailova 2011: 297 Ismailova 2011: 331 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 33 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Yakut | |
| Lexeme | аах | |
| Meaning 1 | to calculate, count | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to read | |
| Reference | SakhaTyla.Ru | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 34 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Somali | |
| Lexeme | tirin | |
| Meaning 1 | to calculate, count | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to read poetry | |
| Reference | Alejnikov 2012: 320 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 35 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Tundra Yukaghir | |
| Lexeme | чуҥ- | |
| Meaning 1 | to calculate, count | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to read | |
| Reference | Kurilov 2001: 567 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 36 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Erzya | |
| Lexeme | ловномс | |
| Meaning 1 | to calculate, count | ловномс кеменьс; ловномс ярмакт count to ten, count money |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to read | ловномс Пушкинэнь; ловномс книга read Pushkin, read books |
| Reference | Serebrennikov et al. 1993: 348 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 37 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Karelian | |
| Lexeme | lukie | |
| Meaning 1 | to calculate, count | joko luvit kaikki porot? did you count all the deer? |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to read | hiän lukou kirjua he is reading a book |
| Reference | Zajkov, Rugoeva 1999: 94 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 38 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Komi | |
| Lexeme | лыддьыны | |
| Meaning 1 | to calculate, count | гораа лыддьыны read aloud |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to read | быд ур лыддьыны count every penny |
| Reference | Beznosikova et al. 2000 | |
| Comment | ||