to calculate, count
→
to read
43 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
-
Comment
| NEW Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Ahom | |
| lexeme | ʼan | |
| meaning 1 | to count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to read | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Dami (Marik) | |
| lexeme | i-wese-ya | |
| meaning 1 | count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | read | |
| reference | ||
| comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| NEW Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Erzya | |
| lexeme | ловномс | |
| meaning 1 | to calculate, count | ловномс кеменьс; ловномс ярмакт count to ten, count money |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to read | ловномс Пушкинэнь; ловномс книга read Pushkin, read books |
| reference | Serebrennikov et al. 1993: 348 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Estonian | |
| lexeme | lugema | |
| meaning 1 | count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | read, consider | |
| reference | ||
| comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Finnish | |
| lexeme | luke- | |
| meaning 1 | calculate, count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | read | |
| reference | ||
| comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| NEW Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Hungarian | |
| lexeme | olvasni | |
| meaning 1 | to calculate, count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to read | |
| reference | Gal’di 1987: 582 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Itelmen | |
| lexeme | ањл̹нэ'л̹кас | |
| meaning 1 | to count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to read | |
| reference | Volodin, Xalojmova 1989: 14 PIRS: 36, 163 | |
| comment | ԓны- - PIRS |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Itelmen | |
| lexeme | л̹нэс | |
| meaning 1 | to count | əњчэ'н қл̹ныхэ'н count the fish! |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to read | ты'н книга қл̹ных read this book |
| reference | Volodin, Xalojmova 1989: 52 PIRS: 163 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Karelian | |
| lexeme | lukie | |
| meaning 1 | to calculate, count | joko luvit kaikki porot? did you count all the deer? |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to read | hiän lukou kirjua he is reading a book |
| reference | Zajkov, Rugoeva 1999: 94 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kildin Saami | |
| lexeme | лōгкэ | |
| meaning 1 | to count | лōгкэ ōдтэсьт to count smb |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to read | лōгкэ ōд кнӣга to read a new book |
| reference | Kuruč 1985: 161 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 11 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kilivila | |
| lexeme | -kalava- | |
| meaning 1 | count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | read | |
| reference | ||
| comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 12 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kiribati | |
| lexeme | wareka | |
| meaning 1 | count, calculate | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | read | |
| reference | ||
| comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| NEW Realization 13 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Komi | |
| lexeme | лыддьыны | |
| meaning 1 | to calculate, count | гораа лыддьыны read aloud |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to read | быд ур лыддьыны count every penny |
| reference | Beznosikova et al. 2000 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 14 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Komi-Permyak | |
| lexeme | лыддьыны | |
| meaning 1 | to calculate, count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to read | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | https://dict.fu-lab.ru/term?tid=1307914 |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 15 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Koryak | |
| lexeme | йылӈык | |
| meaning 1 | to count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to read | |
| reference | ||
| comment | КорРС 43 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 16 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kwamera | |
| lexeme | -awsini | |
| meaning 1 | count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | read | |
| reference | ||
| comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 17 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Lak | |
| lexeme | bukːin | |
| meaning 1 | to count | цава-к1ива т1ий буккин to count in order |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to read | лу буккин to read a book |
| reference | ||
| comment | [Хайдаков 1962: 65] | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 18 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Lango | |
| lexeme | kwànnò, kwân | |
| meaning 1 | count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | read | |
| reference | ||
| comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 19 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Mari | |
| lexeme | luɗa | |
| meaning 1 | count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | read | |
| reference | ||
| comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 20 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Maya | |
| lexeme | xok | |
| meaning 1 | count, number | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | read | |
| reference | ||
| comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 21 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Mekeo | |
| lexeme | e-kuapi (-na) | |
| meaning 1 | count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | read | |
| reference | ||
| comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 22 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Motu | |
| lexeme | dulahi-a | |
| meaning 1 | count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | read | |
| reference | ||
| comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 23 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Nahuatl | |
| lexeme | tlapōhua | |
| meaning 1 | count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | read | |
| reference | ||
| comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 24 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Navajo | |
| lexeme | ʻííníshtaʼ | |
| meaning 1 | count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | read | |
| reference | ||
| comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 25 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Nganasan | |
| lexeme | туобталудя | |
| meaning 1 | to count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to read | |
| reference | ||
| comment | НМС 2924 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 26 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Old East Slavic | |
| lexeme | чисти | |
| meaning 1 | to count, to calculate | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to read | |
| reference | ||
| comment | In Russian the derivatives of this verb acquired different meanings: считать 'to count' and читать 'to read'. Morphological relationships between the lexemes читать and считать is the following: читать - is the old imperfective form of чисти, считать is imperfecive. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 27 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Paiwan | |
| lexeme 1 | supu | |
| lexeme 2 | ki-supu | |
| meaning 1 | to sum, amount, number, count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to read | |
| reference | ACD | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 28 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Rutul | |
| lexeme | кьыле гьыъын / q'ɨle hɨʔɨn | |
| meaning 1 | to calculate, count | йицIды йыкьама кьыле гьыъын / jic'dɨ jɨq'ama q'ɨle hɨʔɨn to count to ten |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to read | гъигьене кьыле гьыъын / ʁihene q'ɨle hɨʔɨn to read outloud |
| reference | Ismailova 2011: 297 Ismailova 2011: 331 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 29 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Samoan | |
| lexeme | faitau | |
| meaning 1 | count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | read | |
| reference | ||
| comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| NEW Realization 30 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Selkup | |
| lexeme | то̄ргу | |
| meaning 1 | to calculate, count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to read | |
| reference | Consolidated Selkup | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 31 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Shan | |
| lexeme | ʼàan (ဢၢၼ်ႇ) | |
| meaning 1 | to calculate, count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to read | |
| reference | SEAlang Shan | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 32 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Somali | |
| lexeme | tirin | |
| meaning 1 | to calculate, count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to read poetry | |
| reference | Alejnikov 2012: 320 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 33 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Sumerian | |
| lexeme | šid | |
| meaning 1 | to calculate, count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to read aloud, recite | |
| reference | Haser 2000: 181 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 34 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Tai Lue | |
| lexeme | ʼaan¹ (ᦀᦱᧃᧈ) | |
| meaning 1 | to count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to read | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | Hanna, William J. (2019), Dai Lue - English Dictionary, SIL International |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 35 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Takia | |
| lexeme | -siti | |
| meaning 1 | count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | read | |
| reference | Haser 2000: 181 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 36 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Thai | |
| lexeme | àan (อ่าน) | |
| meaning 1 | to count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to read | |
| reference | SEAlang Thai | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 37 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Thao | |
| lexeme | shupilh | |
| meaning 1 | to count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to read | |
| reference | ACD | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 38 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Tolai (Kuanua) | |
| lexeme | luk | |
| meaning 1 | count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | read | |
| reference | ||
| comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |
| NEW Realization 39 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Tundra Yukaghir | |
| lexeme | чуҥ- | |
| meaning 1 | to calculate, count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to read | |
| reference | Kurilov 2001: 567 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 40 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Udihe | |
| lexeme | таŋи- | |
| meaning 1 | to count | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to read | |
| reference | ||
| comment | Кормушин 1998, 293 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 41 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Udmurt | |
| lexeme | лыдӟыны | |
| meaning 1 | to read | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to calculate, count | |
| reference | Kirillova 2008 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 42 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Yakut | |
| lexeme | аах | |
| meaning 1 | to calculate, count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to read | |
| reference | SakhaTyla.Ru | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 43 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Yoruba | |
| lexeme | kà | |
| meaning 1 | count | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | read | |
| reference | ||
| comment | Haser 2000, 181 | |