free
→
can, to be able
8 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
| NEW Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Croatian | |
| Lexeme | slobodno | |
| Meaning 1 | freely | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | can, to be able | Slobodno uđi! You can come in. |
| Reference | HJP | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Dutch | |
| Lexeme | vrij | |
| Meaning 1 | free | vrij zijn to be free |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | can, to be able | mag ik zo vrij zijn? Can I? |
| Reference | Mironov 1987: 783-784 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | French | |
| Lexeme | libre | |
| Meaning 1 | free | un paysan libre a free peasant |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | able to do sth. | les habitués de la place des Vosges étaient libres de l'apercevoir accoudé à la fenêtre the habitués of the Place des Vosges had the possibility to notice him leaning against the window |
| Reference | CNRTL | |
| Comment | Cf. also the obsolete expression Il est libre à qqn de + inf.: 'It is allowed to' | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Hungarian | |
| Lexeme | szabad | |
| Meaning 1 | free | szabad város; szabad ember; Aki börtönben van, az nem szabad free city; free person; one who is in prison, is not free. |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | one may (+ inf) ; it is allowed (to inf.) | neki nem szabad inni; szabad itt dohányozni?; szabad oda bemenni? he is not allowed to drink; is it allowed to smoke here?; is it allowed to go in there? |
| Reference | Gal’di 1987: 668 | |
| Comment | From Slavic *svobodьnъ 'free' (Church Slavonic свободь (svodogь), Slovene slobod, Bulgarian слободен, Serbo-Croatian slȍbodan, Polish swobodny, Czech svobodný (Zaicz 2006)) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Russian | |
| Lexeme 1 | свободный | |
| Lexeme 2 | свободен | |
| Meaning 1 | free | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | can, to be able | Ты свободен делать, что хочешь. You are free to do what you want. |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Russian | |
| Lexeme 1 | вольный (vol'nyj) | |
| Lexeme 2 | волен (volen) | |
| Meaning 1 | free, independed, not-imprisoned, unrestricted | Там были двое заключенных и трое вольных (Tam byli dvoe zaključennyx i troe vol'nyx) There were two prisoners and three freemen |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | having permission or opportunity | Вы вольны поступать как считаете нужным. (Vy vol'ny postupat' kak sčitaete nužnym) You are free to do as you see fit. |
| Reference | BAS: 2, 634-636 | |
| Comment | Second meaning only in short form of an ajective. | |
| NEW Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Serbian | |
| Lexeme | слободно (slobodno) | |
| Meaning 1 | freely | слободно живети to live freely |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | can, to be able | Је ли слободно да седнем? Can I sit down? |
| Reference | Vujanitsh et al. 2007: 240 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Yakut | |
| Lexeme | кѳҥүл (kɵŋyl) | |
| Meaning 1 | freedom, independence | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | permission | кѳҥүл ыл- (kɵŋyl ɯl-) to get a permission |
| Reference | Slepcov 1972: 179 | |
| Comment | ||