to see/to look at
→
to have opinion
26 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Swahili | |
| Lexeme | ona | |
| Meaning 1 | to see, to notice | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to think | ona kama 'to take smn, smth for smn, smth; to consider smn, smth for smn, smth' |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Polikanov | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Amharic | |
| Lexeme | ayyä | |
| Meaning 1 | to see, look, look at, to look out | zor bəye tämällätku gən mənəm alayyähum 'I turned round and watched but saw nothing' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to regard, consider, view, to treat (s.th. as...) | əndä nəgus əyyäw 'consider him as a king'; ṭəyyaḳewən bäne mängäd alayyäwəm 'he did not regard this question in the same way as I did' |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | (K 1282). | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Russian | |
| Lexeme | rassmatrivat' | |
| Meaning 1 | to discern, to contemplate | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to regard, to consider | Я рассматриваю эту работу как первый этап 'I regard this work as the first stage' |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Spanish | |
| Lexeme | ver | |
| Meaning 1 | to see/to look at | |
| Meaning 2 | to have opinion | es su manera de ver las cosas 'This is his way of seeing things' |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Narumov 1995: 785 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Hungarian | |
| Lexeme | néz | |
| Meaning 1 | to look | hosszasan nézni valakit 'to look at someone for a long time' |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to regard as | jó embernek nézem 'I consider him a good person' |
| Reference | Гальди 1974: 564 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Hungarian | |
| Lexeme | lát | |
| Meaning 1 | to see | semmit sem lehet látni 'it is impossible to see anything' |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to regard as | jónak látni 'to consider to be good' |
| Reference | Гальди 1974: 443-444 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Mongolian (Khalkha) | |
| Lexeme | uʒe- | |
| Meaning 1 | to see/to look at | |
| Meaning 2 | to have opinion | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | French | |
| Lexeme | regarder | |
| Meaning 1 | to look | regarder le paysage 'to look at the landscape' |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to consider, regard as | Au risque d'être regardé comme un esprit rétrograde 'Risking to seem a conservative' |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | English | |
| Lexeme | see | |
| Meaning 1 | to see | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to consider, regard as | America is seen as the land of opportunity 'America is seen as the land of opportunity' |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | French | |
| Lexeme | voir | |
| Meaning 1 | to see | Sans lunettes, il ne peut rien voir. 'He cannot see anything without his glasses.' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to have opinion | je vois cela autrement que vous 'My opinion about this matter is different from yours' |
| Reference | Larousse online | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 11 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Russian | |
| Lexeme | videt' | |
| Meaning 1 | to see | Я своими глазами видела, как он тебя поцеловал. 'I saw him kiss you with my own eyes.' |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to see | Я не вижу в этом ничего дурного. 'I do not see anything bad about that.' |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | In Russian also possibly another type of opinion, supposition. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 12 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Classical Arabic | |
| Lexeme | raʔā´ | |
| Meaning 1 | to see | raʔaytu-hu ḳāʔim-an 'I saw him standing' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to consider, to think, judge, hold smb. be smb. | raʔaytu zayd-an ʕālim-an 'I knew/thought Zeyd to be learned' |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | (Lane 998). | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 13 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Semantic evolution | |
| Language | French | |
| Lexeme | considérer | |
| Meaning 1 | to stare, to gaze | loin de chercher l'occassion de regarder les gens à la dérobée [il] les considérait le plus souvent bien en face 'Instead of taking a moment to observe these people secretly, he most often observed them being right in front of their eyes' |
| Meaning 2 | to consider | considérer qn. comme... 'to regard smn (as smn)' |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Borrowed in Engl., "consider" has both meanings. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 14 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Georgian | |
| Lexeme 1 | čan- | |
| Lexeme 2 | čn- | |
| Meaning 1 | to appear, to be seen | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to think | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | "In New Georigian different types of vocalization are related to the semantic differentiation of stems" [Климов 1964: 218-219] | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 15 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Ancient Greek | |
| Lexeme | θεωρέω | |
| Meaning 1 | to look | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to contemplate, consider; to to judge of one thing by another | θεωρέω τὴν ἔννοιαν ἐκ τῶν ἔργων 'to judge about the thoughts basing on the actions' |
| Reference | LSJ | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 16 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Norwegian | |
| Lexeme | betrakte | |
| Meaning 1 | to to look at | han betraktet henne oppmerksomt 'he considered her attentively' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to consider as | vi betrakter saken som avgjort 'we consider this matter to be settled' |
| Reference | BO | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 17 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Danish | |
| Lexeme | betragte | |
| Meaning 1 | to look attentively at | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to consider as | |
| Reference | DDO | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 18 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Swedish | |
| Lexeme | betrakta | |
| Meaning 1 | to look attentively at | han betraktade henne uppmärksamt 'he considered her attentively' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to consider as | vi betraktar problemet som löst 'we consider this problem to be solved' |
| Reference | SAO | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 19 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Swedish | |
| Lexeme | betrakta | |
| Meaning 1 | to look attentively at | han betraktade henne uppmärksamt 'he considered her attentively' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to consider as | vi betraktar problemet som löst 'we consider this problem to be solved' |
| Reference | SAO | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 20 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Icelandic | |
| Lexeme | líta | |
| Meaning 1 | to look at | hún lítur í spegilinn 'she looks in the mirror' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to consider as | ég lít svo á að verkefninu sé lokið; líta stórt á sig 'I consider the work to be done; to have a high opinion of oneself' |
| Reference | ISLEX | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 21 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Russian | |
| Lexeme | видеть | |
| Meaning 1 | to see | я вижу дерево 'I you a tree' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to have opinion | я не вижу в этом ничего дурного 'I don't see anything wrong with that' |
| Reference | <personally collected data> | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 22 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Meadow Mari | |
| Lexeme | ужаш | |
| Meaning 1 | to see/to look at | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to have opinion | Марий-влак Савлим ончылъеҥлан ужыт улмаш. «Ончыко» 'The men considered Savli to be an advanced man' |
| Reference | Marij jylme muter | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 23 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Serbian | |
| Lexeme | гледати (gledati) | |
| Meaning 1 | to see/to look at | гледати некоме у очи 'to look someone in the eye' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to have opinion | гледати реално на догађаје 'to have a realistic opinion about the events ' |
| Reference | Vujanitsh et al. 2007: 199 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 24 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Croatian | |
| Lexeme | gledati | |
| Meaning 1 | to see/to look at | gledati živo 'to look with interest' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to have opinion | drukčije gledam na to 'I have a different opinion about it' |
| Reference | HJP | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 25 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Turkish | |
| Lexeme | gör- | |
| Meaning 1 | to see/to look at | bunu gördün mü? 'Have you seen it?' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to have opinion | 1) düsman görmek 2) siz nasıl görüyorsunuz, Ahmet evlenir mi Ayşe’yle? '1) to consider someone as an enemy 2) do you think that Ahmet will marry Ayşe?' |
| Reference | Baskakov 1977: 349 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 26 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Semantic evolution | |
| Language | Irish Gaelic | |
| Lexeme | feic | |
| Meaning 1 | to see/to look at | rud a fheiceail 'to see sth.' |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to have opinion | ni fheictear dom go bhfuil an firinne aige 'he doesn't seem to me to be staiting the truth' |
| Reference | Ó Dónaill 1977: 529 | |
| Comment | ||
Cf. also Turk. gör- (ЭСТЯ 3, p. 78). 'to regard someone as' (KKal, Uz.), to estimate, percieve (Kirg. Tuvinian), to consider (Tur., Nogh., Turkm., Uz.)