to see/to look at
→
to have opinion
37 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
| NEW Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Adyghe | |
| lexeme | еплъын | |
| meaning 1 | to see/to look at | сыхьатым еплъын to look at the watch |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to have opinion | ащ ыIорэр тэрэзэу сэ сеплъы I think he is telling the truth |
| reference | Txarkaxo 1991: 79 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Amharic | |
| lexeme | ayyä | |
| meaning 1 | to see, look, look at, to look out | zor bəye tämällätku gən mənəm alayyähum 'I turned round and watched but saw nothing' |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to regard, consider, view, to treat (s.th. as...) | əndä nəgus əyyäw 'consider him as a king'; ṭəyyaḳewən bäne mängäd alayyäwəm 'he did not regard this question in the same way as I did' |
| reference | ||
| comment | (K 1282). | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Ancient Greek | |
| lexeme | θεωρέω | |
| meaning 1 | to look | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to contemplate, consider; to to judge of one thing by another | θεωρέω τὴν ἔννοιαν ἐκ τῶν ἔργων to judge about the thoughts basing on the actions |
| reference | LSJ | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Bulgarian | |
| lexeme | виждам | |
| meaning 1 | to see/to look at | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to have opinion | |
| reference | RNBE | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Classical Arabic | |
| lexeme | raʔā´ | |
| meaning 1 | to see | raʔaytu-hu ḳāʔim-an 'I saw him standing' |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to consider, to think, judge, hold smb. be smb. | raʔaytu zayd-an ʕālim-an 'I knew/thought Zeyd to be learned' |
| reference | ||
| comment | (Lane 998). | |
| NEW Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Croatian | |
| lexeme | gledati | |
| meaning 1 | to see/to look at | gledati živo to look with interest |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to have opinion | drukčije gledam na to I have a different opinion about it |
| reference | HJP | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Danish | |
| lexeme | betragte | |
| meaning 1 | to look attentively at | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to consider as | |
| reference | DDO | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | English | |
| lexeme | see | |
| meaning 1 | to see | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to consider, regard as | America is seen as the land of opportunity |
| reference | ||
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | French | |
| lexeme | regarder | |
| meaning 1 | to look | regarder le paysage to look at the landscape |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to consider, regard as | Au risque d'être regardé comme un esprit rétrograde Risking to seem a conservative |
| reference | ||
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | French | |
| lexeme | voir | |
| meaning 1 | to see | Sans lunettes, il ne peut rien voir. He cannot see anything without his glasses. |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to have opinion | je vois cela autrement que vous My opinion about this matter is different from yours |
| reference | Larousse online | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 11 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Semantic evolution | |
| language | French | |
| lexeme | considérer | |
| meaning 1 | to stare, to gaze | loin de chercher l'occassion de regarder les gens à la dérobée [il] les considérait le plus souvent bien en face Instead of taking a moment to observe these people secretly, he most often observed them being right in front of their eyes |
| meaning 2 | to consider | considérer qn. comme... to regard smn (as smn) |
| reference | ||
| comment | Borrowed in Engl., "consider" has both meanings. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 12 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Georgian | |
| lexeme 1 | čan- | |
| lexeme 2 | čn- | |
| meaning 1 | to appear, to be seen | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to think | |
| reference | ||
| comment | "In New Georigian different types of vocalization are related to the semantic differentiation of stems" [Климов 1964: 218-219] | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 13 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Hungarian | |
| lexeme | néz | |
| meaning 1 | to look | hosszasan nézni valakit to look at someone for a long time |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to regard as | jó embernek nézem I consider him a good person |
| reference | Гальди 1974: 564 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 14 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Hungarian | |
| lexeme | lát | |
| meaning 1 | to see | semmit sem lehet látni it is impossible to see anything |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to regard as | jónak látni to consider to be good |
| reference | Гальди 1974: 443-444 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 15 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Icelandic | |
| lexeme | líta | |
| meaning 1 | to look at | hún lítur í spegilinn she looks in the mirror |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to consider as | ég lít svo á að verkefninu sé lokið; líta stórt á sig I consider the work to be done; to have a high opinion of oneself |
| reference | ISLEX | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 16 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Semantic evolution | |
| language | Irish Gaelic | |
| lexeme | feic | |
| meaning 1 | to see/to look at | rud a fheiceail to see sth. |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to have opinion | ni fheictear dom go bhfuil an firinne aige he doesn't seem to me to be staiting the truth |
| reference | Ó Dónaill 1977: 529 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 17 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Khoekhoe | |
| lexeme 1 | mû | |
| lexeme 2 | mûǂgāǀgau | |
| meaning 1 | to see/to look at | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | opinion, view, attitude | |
| reference | Haacke Khoekhoe 2002: 93 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 18 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Komi | |
| lexeme | видзӧдлас | |
| meaning 1 | look (n.) | мелі видзӧдлас affectionate look |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | opinion | висьтавны ассьыд видзӧдлас express your opinion |
| reference | Beznosikova et al. 2000 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 19 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Meadow Mari | |
| lexeme | ужаш | |
| meaning 1 | to see/to look at | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to have opinion | Марий-влак Савлим ончылъеҥлан ужыт улмаш. «Ончыко» The men considered Savli to be an advanced man |
| reference | Marij jylme muter | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 20 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Mongolian (Khalkha) | |
| lexeme | uʒe- | |
| meaning 1 | ||
| meaning 2 | ||
| reference | ||
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 21 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Norwegian | |
| lexeme | betrakte | |
| meaning 1 | to to look at | han betraktet henne oppmerksomt he considered her attentively |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to consider as | vi betrakter saken som avgjort we consider this matter to be settled |
| reference | BO | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 22 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Borrowing | |
| language 1 | Old French | |
| language 2 | English | |
| lexeme 1 | regarder | |
| lexeme 2 | regard | |
| meaning 1 | to look at | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to consider | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=regard |
|
| NEW Realization 23 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Romanian | |
| lexeme | privi | |
| meaning 1 | to see/to look at | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to have opinion | |
| reference | MDA2 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 24 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Russian | |
| lexeme | рассматривать | |
| meaning 1 | to discern, to contemplate | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to regard, to consider | Я рассматриваю эту работу как первый этап I regard this work as the first stage |
| reference | MAS: III, 664 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 25 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Russian | |
| lexeme | videt' | |
| meaning 1 | to see | Я своими глазами видела, как он тебя поцеловал. I saw him kiss you with my own eyes. |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to see | Я не вижу в этом ничего дурного. I do not see anything bad about that. |
| reference | ||
| comment | In Russian also possibly another type of opinion, supposition. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 26 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Russian | |
| lexeme | видеть | |
| meaning 1 | to see | я вижу дерево I you a tree |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to have opinion | я не вижу в этом ничего дурного I don't see anything wrong with that |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 27 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Russian | |
| lexeme 1 | смотреть | |
| lexeme 2 | сомтреть | |
| meaning 1 | to look at | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to consider | Смотрите на меня теперь как на вашего отца (Достоевский) Consider me your father now |
| reference | MAS: II, 158 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 28 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Russian | |
| lexeme | видеть | |
| meaning 1 | to see | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to consider | Я видел в нем друга |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | Активный словарь русского языка, 2014. 2, 117 |
|
| NEW Realization 29 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Serbian | |
| lexeme | гледати (gledati) | |
| meaning 1 | to see/to look at | гледати некоме у очи to look someone in the eye |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to have opinion | гледати реално на догађаје to have a realistic opinion about the events |
| reference | Vujanitsh et al. 2007: 199 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 30 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Somali | |
| lexeme | jeedid | |
| meaning 1 | to see/to look at | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to mean | |
| reference | Alejnikov 2012: 175 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 31 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Spanish | |
| lexeme | ver | |
| meaning 1 | ||
| meaning 2 | es su manera de ver las cosas This is his way of seeing things |
|
| reference | ||
| comment | Narumov 1995: 785 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 32 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Swahili | |
| lexeme | ona | |
| meaning 1 | to see, to notice | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to think | ona kama to take smn, smth for smn, smth; to consider smn, smth for smn, smth |
| reference | ||
| comment | Polikanov | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 33 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Swedish | |
| lexeme | betrakta | |
| meaning 1 | to look attentively at | han betraktade henne uppmärksamt he considered her attentively |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to consider as | vi betraktar problemet som löst we consider this problem to be solved |
| reference | SAO | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 34 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Swedish | |
| lexeme | betrakta | |
| meaning 1 | to look attentively at | han betraktade henne uppmärksamt he considered her attentively |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to consider as | vi betraktar problemet som löst we consider this problem to be solved |
| reference | SAO | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 35 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Tatar | |
| lexeme | күрү | |
| meaning 1 | to see/to look at | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to have opinion | |
| reference | Asylgaraev, Ganiev et al. (eds.) 2007: 1, 683 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 36 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Turkish | |
| lexeme | gör- | |
| meaning 1 | to see/to look at | bunu gördün mü? Have you seen it? |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to have opinion | 1) düsman görmek 2) siz nasıl görüyorsunuz, Ahmet evlenir mi Ayşe’yle? 1) to consider someone as an enemy 2) do you think that Ahmet will marry Ayşe? |
| reference | Baskakov 1977: 349 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 37 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Yakut | |
| lexeme | көр | |
| meaning 1 | to see/to look at | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to have opinion | |
| reference | SakhaTyla.Ru | |
| comment | ||
Cf. also Turk. gör- (ЭСТЯ 3, p. 78). 'to regard someone as' (KKal, Uz.), to estimate, percieve (Kirg. Tuvinian), to consider (Tur., Nogh., Turkm., Uz.)