to strike, hit
→
to play (a musical instrument)
14 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Adyghe | |
| lexeme | jewen | |
| meaning 1 | to beat, to hit someone | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to play musical instruments, music | шыкIэпщынэм ео plays the violin |
| reference | Šaov 1975: 110 Txarkaxo 1991: 79 | |
| comment | In Txarkaxo 1991 - еон |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Amharic | |
| lexeme | mätta | |
| meaning 1 | to beat, to hit | wəššawən bädulla yəmättal näbbär He was beating the dog with a stick. |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to pluck (a stringed instrument), to play (the drum, violin) | bägäna mätta to play the begena-harp |
| reference | Leslau 1973: 99 AED: 241 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Azerbaijani | |
| lexeme | çal- | |
| meaning 1 | to beat, to hit | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to play musical instruments | |
| reference | ARRAL: 58 | |
| comment | The same in other Turk. Languages, cf. Turk.çal- (ТуРС 166). | |
| NEW Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Batsbi | |
| lexeme | toxar | |
| meaning 1 | to beat, hit | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to play (a musical instrument) | |
| reference | Mikeladze, Gigashvili 2012: 355 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Batsbi | |
| lexeme | tepxar | |
| meaning 1 | to beat, hit | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to play (a musical instrument) | |
| reference | Mikeladze, Gigashvili 2012: 341 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Classical Arabic | |
| lexeme | ḍaraba | |
| meaning 1 | to beat | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to play (a guitar, etc.) | ḍaraba l-ʔālāt-i to play musical instruments |
| reference | BK: II 16 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Karaim | |
| lexeme | цал- | |
| meaning 1 | to hit, to throw | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to play (musical instruments) | чалгъы чалына Music is being played |
| reference | ||
| comment | КРПС 611-612, 622. Cf. The derivatives цалгъы 'music', цалгъыцы 'musicians'. The forms in ч- are dialectal. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Lezgian | |
| lexeme | jaʁun | |
| meaning 1 | to hit, to beat | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to play musical instruments, music | |
| reference | ||
| comment | (LezgRus 400) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Cognates | |
| language 1 | Maranao | |
| language 2 | Tagalog | |
| lexeme 1 | togtog | |
| lexeme 2 | tugtog | |
| meaning 1 | to hit | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to play musical instruments | |
| reference | ||
| comment | The Proto-Austronesian *CugCug 'to strike'. The second meaning is present also in the languages: Pangasinan, Cebuano. Сирк 2008, 156-157 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Swahili | |
| lexeme | piga | |
| meaning 1 | to beat, to hit, to batter | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to play | piga baragumu; piga ngoma (gitaa, tarumbeta n. k.) to blow the horn, to play the drum, the trumpet, the guitar etc. |
| reference | ||
| comment | Polikanov | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 11 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Tabassaran | |
| lexeme | jiwub | |
| meaning 1 | to beat, to hit, to give a dab, to batter | гъирмаж йивуб to strike with a whip |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to play musical instruments, music | чюнгюр йивуб to play the chungur |
| reference | ||
| comment | (TabRus 184) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 12 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Tigre | |
| lexeme | zabṭa | |
| meaning 1 | to beat, to hit | salas zabbəṭṭo ʔəgəl la-ḥante wārayu He hits thrice the one who once threatened him. |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to play musical instruments | ʕəndər tarfa ḥaḳoki man zabbəṭṭo ʔəb bāzā The flute was left behind (=at your back), who plays the "baza" melody on it? 'And the musicians play flutes' |
| reference | PPEA: I 209: 7-8 WTS: 499 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 13 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Yaqui (Hiaki) | |
| lexeme | poona | |
| meaning 1 | to bang, beat, knock, pound | Yoóko empo puetata ponne Tommorrow you will be knocking at the door |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | toplay (instrument, radio, phonograph) | |
| reference | Dictionary Yaqui: 126 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 14 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Yaqui (Hiaki) | |
| lexeme | hipona | |
| meaning 1 | to beat drum | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to play music in general | |
| reference | Dictionary Yaqui | |
| comment | ||
The semantic shift, apparently, is originally associated with playing percussion (and, possibly, stringed) instruments. Later the verb begins to denote playing on any (including wind) instruments, and derivatives from it can even denote music in general (as in Karaim).