cattle → <curse: bad person> 10 realizations
ACCEPTED Realization 1
type Polysemy
language Abaza
lexeme ħajwan
meaning 1 livestock
direction →
meaning 2 bad person
reference Tugov 1967
comment скот
ACCEPTED Realization 2
type Polysemy
language Abaza
lexeme ɕamaq’ə
meaning 1 cattle
direction →
meaning 2 bad person
reference Tugov 1967
comment крупный рогатый скот
ACCEPTED Realization 3
type Polysemy
language Amharic
lexeme ənsəsa
meaning 1 'animal (often a domestic animal)'
meaning 2 'blockhead, dolt, simpleton'
reference
comment K 1213
ACCEPTED Realization 4
type Polysemy
language English
lexeme cattle
meaning 1 cattle twenty head of cattle
двадцать голов рогатого скота
meaning 2 rabble (disdainf.)
reference
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 5
type Polysemy
language English
lexeme beast
meaning 1 beast beast of prey
хищный зверь
meaning 2 stubborn, unpleasant person (playful)
reference
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 6
type Polysemy
language Hungarian
lexeme marha
meaning 1 cattle száz darab marha
one hundred head of cattle
direction →
meaning 2 bad, rude person
reference Гальди 1974: 482
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 7
type Polysemy
language Lezgian
lexeme hajwan
meaning 1 animal, beast кIвалин гьайван
tame animal
meaning 2 simpleton, dupe; ignorant
reference
comment (LezgRus 97). As a swear word is used in many languages of Daghestan.
ACCEPTED Realization 8
type Borrowing
language 1 Polish
language 2 Russian
lexeme 1 bydło
lexeme 2 быдло (bydlo)
meaning 1 cattle
direction —
meaning 2 stupid, weak willed people obedient to force
reference
comment "В устах помещиков - крепостников - презрительное обозначение крестьянской массы, как безвольного, бессловесного и покорного стада, опекаемого помещиком." (Landowners used it as a contemptous reference to the mass of peasants, regarded as weak-willed, mute and obedient flock patronized by the squire.) (Ushakov)
ACCEPTED Realization 9
type Polysemy
language Russian
lexeme скот, скотина (skot, skotina)
meaning 1 cattle, livestock a. Рогатый скот 'flocks and herds'. Вагон для скота 'cattle box'.
direction —
meaning 2 brute Всякому дураку подарки давай, всякий скот на водку просит. (Сухово-Кобылин)
Every fool wants his present, every brute asks money to buy vodka. (Sukhovo-Kobylin)
reference
comment (Ushakov)
ACCEPTED Realization 10
type Polysemy
language Yakut
lexeme сүөhү
meaning 1 cattle ынах сүөhү
livestock
meaning 2 brute
reference
comment ЯРС 349.

© Anna A. Zalizniak et al. 2000-2025