bone
—
great
2 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 | |
| 8327 | bone | → | fat (adj.)(of a person) | Open |
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Classical Arabic | |
| Lexeme 1 | عَظْم ʕaẓm- | |
| Lexeme 2 | عَظُمَ ʕaẓuma | |
| Meaning 1 | bone | عَظْم الكتف shoulder bone |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to be great, important, awful | |
| Reference | BK: I 293 | |
| Comment | See Kogan - Militarev 2003. The PS *ˁaṯ̣m is reconstructed with 3 meanings: 'to be big, large, numerous', 'to be sturdy, strong, powerful', and 'to be fearsome'. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Cognates | |
| Language 1 | Ancient Hebrew | |
| Language 2 | Geez | |
| Lexeme 1 | gäräm | |
| Lexeme 2 | garama | |
| Meaning 1 | bone | gərāmāw kī-məṭīl barzel (Job 40:18) its (Leviathan's) bones are like iron poles |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | to be great, awful | wa-za-yəgarrəm ʔəm-nagaśta mədr (Ps. 75:13) and who is greater than the kings of the earth |
| Reference | HALOT: 195 LLA: 1153 Kogan 2015: 454 | |
| Comment | Proto-EthS *grm ‘to be amazing, awesome’ is probably connected with PCS *gVrm- ‘bone, body’ (SED I No. 94) with a semantic evolution otherwise attested in Semitic and elsewhere (Kogan–Militarev 2003:296‒297). | |
Cf. also Hittite ḫaštai 'Knochen, Gebein(e); Widerstandskraft' (Tischler 202; suggested in Kogan - Militarev 2003).