blood
↔
red
54 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Relation type | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
| NEW Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Agi | |
| lexeme | xaməŋka | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Ambulas (Abelam) | |
| lexeme | ñəky | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Ancient Hebrew | |
| lexeme 1 | *ʔădāmā | |
| lexeme 2 | ʔādōm | |
| meaning 1 | red blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | HALOT: 15 | |
| comment | The lexeme A is hapax Legomenon (Dt. 32:43). At the Proto-Afrasian level it was possible that the term "red" *ʔdm was derived from blood *dam. | |
| NEW Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Ari (New Guinea) | |
| lexeme | dede | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Awa (New Guinea) | |
| lexeme | nehe | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Awiyaana | |
| lexeme | naema | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Batsbi | |
| lexeme 1 | c̣ejg[î] | |
| lexeme 2 | c̣egẽ | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | ← | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | Bertlani (ed.) 2018: 161-162 | |
| comment | c̣egōrẽ 'spotted with blood, covered in blood' | |
| NEW Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Bauwaki | |
| lexeme | dana | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Bine | |
| lexeme | uːdi | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | Kunini and Sebe dialects |
|
| NEW Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Bogaya (Pogaya) | |
| lexeme | sokoya | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 11 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Chaha | |
| lexeme 1 | däm | |
| lexeme 2 | dämyä | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | EDG: 206 | |
| comment | Note, however, that neither in Chaha nor in the related languages the relevant terms for red are basic colour terms. Terms for 'red' derived from däm 'blood' are also present in Mesqan, Ezha, Muher, Gogot, Endegen, Ennemor (EDG 206). | |
| NEW Realization 12 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Chipaya | |
| lexeme | lxok | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 13 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Djabugay | |
| lexeme | galbal | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 15 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Faiwol | |
| lexeme | kʰaim | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | Lowbip dialect |
|
| NEW Realization 16 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Gadsup | |
| lexeme | naarei | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 17 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Hindi | |
| lexeme | rakt (रक्त) | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | Bahri 1989 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 18 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kalam | |
| lexeme | lkañ | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 19 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kamano | |
| lexeme | kóra | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 22 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kunza | |
| lexeme | lari | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 23 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Lau (Malaita island) | |
| lexeme 1 | 'abu | |
| lexeme 2 | 'abua | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | red, crimson | |
| reference | Fox 1974: 3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 24 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Lemio | |
| lexeme | kəgai | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 25 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Lihir | |
| lexeme 1 | dala- | |
| lexeme 2 | dal | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | Ross, Pawley, Osmond: 5, 83 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 26 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Lisu | |
| lexeme | sɿ³¹ | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 27 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Manam | |
| lexeme 1 | dara(ka) | |
| lexeme 2 | dara-dara | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | Ross, Pawley, Osmond: 5, 83 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 28 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Manat (Paynamar) | |
| lexeme | amus | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 29 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Marathi | |
| lexeme | rakta (रक्त) | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | (rare) red | |
| reference | Molesworth 1857 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 30 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Meriam (Eastern Torres Strait) | |
| lexeme 1 | mam | |
| lexeme 2 | mamamamam | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | Ray 1907: 152 | |
| comment | Rivers 1901 | |
| NEW Realization 31 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Mum | |
| lexeme | ñaŋgu | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 32 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Mussau-Emira | |
| lexeme 1 | rae- | |
| lexeme 2 | ra(i)-ra(ia) | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | Ross, Pawley, Osmond: 5, 82 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 33 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Nend | |
| lexeme | ntɨ | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 34 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | North Tairora | |
| lexeme | naare | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 35 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Numfor (Biak) | |
| lexeme | riːk | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 36 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Pali | |
| lexeme | lohita | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | ← | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | Pali-English Dictionary, London: Chipstead 1921–1925 https://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/pali_query.py?qs=lohita&searchhws=yes&matchtype=exact |
|
| NEW Realization 37 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Parawen | |
| lexeme | kʌ:ra | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 38 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Purari (Namau) | |
| lexeme | aro | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 39 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Rajasthani | |
| lexeme | ragat (रगत) | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red, crimson | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | Bhanwar Lal Suthar and Sukhveer Singh Gahlot (1998), Rajasthani-Hindi-English Dictionary, page 280. Jodhpur: Bharat Printers (Press) |
|
| NEW Realization 40 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Rerau | |
| lexeme | jigalu | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 41 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Rumu (Kairi) | |
| lexeme | hokore | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 43 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Sanskrit | |
| lexeme | lóhita (लोहित) | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | ← | |
| meaning 2 | red | cittaṃ saṃtānena bhavaṃ yaknā rudraṃ tanimnā paśupatiṃ sthūlahṛdayenāgniṃ hṛdayena rudraṃ lohitena śarvam matasnābhyām mahādevam antaḥpārśvenauṣiṣṭhahanaṃ śiṅgīnikośyābhyām (चित्तꣳ संतानेन भवं यक्ना रुद्रं तनिम्ना पशुपतिꣳ स्थूलहृदयेनाग्निꣳ हृदयेन रुद्रं लोहितेन शर्वम् मतस्नाभ्याम् महादेवम् अन्तःपार्श्वेनौषिष्ठहनꣳ शिङ्गीनिकोश्याभ्याम् ॥). Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) I.4.36 [I hail] Citta with the sinew, Bhava with the liver, Rudra with the
taniman, Paśupati with the thick heart, Agni with the heart, Rudra with
the blood, Śarva with the kidneys, Mahādeva with the intestinal flesh,
him that slayest most quickly with the entrails. |
| reference | MW: 909 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 44 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Sanskrit | |
| lexeme | rakta (रक्त) | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | MW: 861-862 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 45 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Sumerian | |
| lexeme | dara | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to be red. brown | |
| reference | ePSD2 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 46 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Tabo | |
| lexeme | hawi | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 47 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Takia | |
| lexeme 1 | dar | |
| lexeme 2 | dara(n) | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | Ross, Pawley, Osmond: 5, 83 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 48 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Tamil | |
| lexeme 1 | cempulam | |
| lexeme 2 | cemmai | |
| meaning 1 | battleground (lit. 'bloody earth') | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red colour | |
| reference | Tamil-Russian dictionary: 582 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 49 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Thai | |
| lexeme | loo-hìt (โลหิต) | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | Morev 1964: 699 SEAlang Thai | |
| comment | from Pali |
|
| NEW Realization 50 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Urdu | |
| lexeme | rakt (رکت) | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | Platts, John T. (1884) A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co. https://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/platts_query.py?qs=%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4&searchhws=yes&matchtype=exact |
|
| NEW Realization 51 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Wagi | |
| lexeme | karag | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | Kamba and Silibob dialects |
|
| NEW Realization 52 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Woleaian | |
| lexeme | c̣c̣ā | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | be red | |
| reference | Ross, Pawley, Osmond: 5, 84 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 53 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Yaben | |
| lexeme | ʔʌdu | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 54 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Yagaria | |
| lexeme | góla | |
| meaning 1 | blood | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | red | |
| reference | CLICS-3 | |
| comment | ||