back (body part)
→
mountain ridge
25 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Ancient Greek | |
| lexeme | ῥάχις | |
| meaning 1 | back | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | ridge of a hill or mountain | |
| reference | ||
| comment | (LSJ 1566). Cf. rachia 'rocky shore, shore rock, surf' (Murzaev 1974: 132). | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Armenian | |
| lexeme 1 | вогн | |
| lexeme 2 | вогунк | |
| meaning 1 | spinal bone | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | mountain range | |
| reference | ||
| comment | (Murzaev 1974: 130) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Bulgarian | |
| lexeme | grăb | |
| meaning 1 | back | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | mountain crest | |
| reference | ||
| comment | (Murzaev 1974: 132) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | English | |
| lexeme | back | |
| meaning 1 | back | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | mountain crest | We now rambled about on the broad back of the hill. Теперь мы бродили по широкой вершине холма |
| reference | ||
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Finnish | |
| lexeme | selkä | |
| meaning 1 | back | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | range, hill | |
| reference | ||
| comment | (Murzaev 1974: 132) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | German | |
| lexeme | Rücken | |
| meaning 1 | back | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | mountain range, mountain spine | |
| reference | ||
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Italian | |
| lexeme | schiena | |
| meaning 1 | back | soffrir dolori alla schiena to feel pain in the back |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | mountain range | |
| reference | ||
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Japanese | |
| lexeme | se (背) | |
| meaning 1 | back | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | mountain crest | |
| reference | ||
| comment | EDICT. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kazakh | |
| lexeme | арка | |
| meaning 1 | back | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | hill, range | |
| reference | ||
| comment | The same in Uyghur (Murzaev 1974: 129, 132). | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Khakas | |
| lexeme | арға | |
| meaning 1 | back | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | mountain range | |
| reference | ||
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 11 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Lak | |
| lexeme | barʜ | |
| meaning 1 | back | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | mountain range | |
| reference | ||
| comment | (Murzaev 1974: 132) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 12 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Latin | |
| lexeme | dorsum | |
| meaning 1 | back | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | range | |
| reference | ||
| comment | (Murzaev 1974: 132; Glare 573-574) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 13 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Lezgian | |
| lexeme | q’asq’an | |
| meaning 1 | back and shoulders | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | range | дагъдин кьаскьан mountain range |
| reference | ||
| comment | (LezgRus 198) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 14 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Lithuanian | |
| lexeme | gubrỹs | |
| meaning 1 | back, scruff | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | hill | |
| reference | ||
| comment | (Murzaev 1974: 132) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 15 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Lithuanian | |
| lexeme | kaũbre | |
| meaning 1 | hump, back | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | hill | |
| reference | ||
| comment | (Murzaev 1974: 132) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 16 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Lithuanian | |
| lexeme | kupra | |
| meaning 1 | back, hunch | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | hill, mound | |
| reference | ||
| comment | (Murzaev 1974: 132) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 17 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Mongolian (Khalkha) | |
| lexeme | nuruu | |
| meaning 1 | spinal cord | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | mountain range | |
| reference | ||
| comment | (Murzaev 1974: 130, 132) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 18 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Mongolian (Khalkha) | |
| lexeme | ser | |
| meaning 1 | spinal cord | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | hill, range | |
| reference | ||
| comment | (Murzaev 1974: 131, 132) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 19 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Nganasan | |
| lexeme | чиридеə | |
| meaning 1 | spinal cord | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | mountain crest, mountain range | |
| reference | ||
| comment | НМС 3606 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 20 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Osetin | |
| lexeme | раг | |
| meaning 1 | back | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | mountain range, mountain spine | |
| reference | ||
| comment | (Murzaev 1974: 131, 132) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 21 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Russian | |
| lexeme | хребет (hrebet) | |
| meaning 1 | spine | спинной хребет spine, vertebral column |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | range (of mountains) | горный хребет mountain range |
| reference | MAS | |
| comment | (Murzaev 1974: 132) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 22 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Sanskrit | |
| lexeme | pṛṣṭhá | |
| meaning 1 | back | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | mountain range | |
| reference | ||
| comment | Кочергина 406 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 23 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Swahili | |
| lexeme | mgongo | |
| meaning 1 | back | geuka mgongo to turn one's back |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | mountain crest, roof crest | mgongo wa mlima mountain range |
| reference | ||
| comment | Polikanov | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 24 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Tigrinya | |
| lexeme | zəban | |
| meaning 1 | 'back (of the body)' | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | 'ridge, plateau' | |
| reference | ||
| comment | (KT 1990) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 25 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Tuvan | |
| lexeme | сирт | |
| meaning 1 | back | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | mountain crest, mountain range | |
| reference | ||
| comment | The same in all Turkic languages. The same in: Turkish [(Murzaev 1974: 132] | |
Ср. также англ. back 'спина'. В сочетании со словами, обозначающими холмы и горы, означает верхнюю поверхность. Ср. We now rambled about on the broad back of the hill 'Теперь мы бродили по широкой вершине холма' (N. Hawthorne по OED).