woman
↔
wife
52 realizations
-
Comment
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Sanskrit | |
| Lexeme | vanitā | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | ← | |
| Meaning 2 | loved wife , mistress | |
| Reference | MW | |
| Comment | MW918, Кочергина 563. From vanita solicited , asked , wished for , desired , loved | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Swahili | |
| Lexeme | mke | |
| Meaning 1 | wife | mke mwenza one of the wives (in a mosleme family) |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | woman | mke ajifunguaye a woman in labour |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Polikanov | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Kott | |
| Lexeme 1 | alat | |
| Lexeme 2 | alit | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Старостин 1995, 180 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Farsi | |
| Lexeme | زن zan | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | زن گرفتن zan gereftan to marry |
| Reference | Rubinčik 1970: 766 | |
| Comment | ПРС 420. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Burmese | |
| Lexeme | мэ̀йммá | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Novikov et al. 1976, 421 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Arin | |
| Lexeme 1 | kemel | |
| Lexeme 2 | kekmelte | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Старостин 1995, 266 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Sanskrit | |
| Lexeme | jáni | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | MW | |
| Comment | MW 411, Кочергина 218 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | French | |
| Lexeme | femme | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | femme aux yeux noirs a black-eyed woman |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | femme qui aime son mari a wife that loves her husband |
| Reference | CNRTL | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Armenian | |
| Lexeme | kin | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | АрмРС 350 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Russian | |
| Lexeme 1 | žena | |
| Lexeme 2 | ženščina | |
| Meaning 1 | wife | |
| Meaning 2 | woman | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 11 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Aghul | |
| Lexeme | xir | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | (Sulejmanov 2003). The same in the Tabassaran ШИВ, cf. (TabRus 349). | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 12 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Old Slavonic | |
| Lexeme | жена | |
| Meaning 1 | wife | |
| Meaning 2 | woman | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Both meanings are present in Bulg., Mac., Serb. жена, Slovak., Sloven., Czech žena. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 13 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Moksha | |
| Lexeme | ава | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | Serebrennikov et al. 1998: 22 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 14 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Uzbek | |
| Lexeme | ayol | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 15 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | German | |
| Lexeme | Frau | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 16 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Karaim | |
| Lexeme | хатын | |
| Meaning 1 | wife | |
| Meaning 2 | woman | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 17 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Gagauz | |
| Lexeme | karı | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | кары рубасы female clothes |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 18 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Sanskrit | |
| Lexeme | vadhū | |
| Meaning 1 | woman, the female of any animal , (esp.) a cow or mare | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | a bride or newly-married woman , young wife spouse, any wife | |
| Reference | MW | |
| Comment | MW917, Кочергина 562. from vah MW933 to carry , transport; to be with child | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 19 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Sanskrit | |
| Lexeme | strīˊ | |
| Meaning 1 | woman , female , female of any animal | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife, mother | |
| Reference | MW | |
| Comment | MW1260, Кочергина 752 from sū MW1240 to beget , procreate , bring forth , bear , produce , yield | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 20 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Icelandic | |
| Lexeme | kona | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | tvær konur sátu við borðið two women were sitting at the table |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | vinirnir fóru saman á skemmtistað með konum sínum the friends were walking around the city with their wives |
| Reference | ISLEX | |
| Comment | Берков | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 21 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Lezgian | |
| Lexeme | pab | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | паб я вун! you are fancy pants! (insult addressed to a man) |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | (LezgRus 256-257) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 22 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Evenki | |
| Lexeme | асӣ (asī) | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | Vasilevič 1958: 38 Boldyrev 2000: 1, 46 | |
| Comment | The second meaning emerges in the presence of the possessive suffixes (asīv 'my wife' etc.) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 23 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Geez | |
| Lexeme | bəʔsit | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | bəʔsit nabiyt 'a female prophet' (Jud. 4:4) |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | naśāʔkāhā təkunka bəʔsita 'you took her so that she becomes your wife' (Deut 21:11) |
| Reference | LGz.: 83 | |
| Comment | (LGz. 83; LLA 520). | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 24 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Sanskrit | |
| Lexeme | yoṣaṇā | |
| Meaning 1 | girl, maiden, young woman | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | MW | |
| Comment | MW858, Кочергина 534 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 25 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Sanskrit | |
| Lexeme | pramadā | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Кочергина 435 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 26 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Kubachi | |
| Lexeme | хьунул | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | ххял хьунне a lot of women |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | хьугулла уцце brother of wife |
| Reference | Magomedov, Saidov-Akkutta 2017: 399 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 27 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Udmurt | |
| Lexeme | кышномурт | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | Kirillova 2008 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 28 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Abaza | |
| Lexeme | phʷəs | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | Tugov 1967 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 29 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Tofa | |
| Lexeme | эпшi | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | өғнүӊ эъпшi ҷарыы female side of the chum |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | эъпшiӊ ғайдал? where is your wife? |
| Reference | Rassadin 2016: 583 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 30 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Malto (Sauria Paharia, references do not distinguish from Kumarbhag Paharia) | |
| Lexeme | buḍya | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | Mahapatra 1987: 97 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 31 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Tamil | |
| Lexeme | āṭṭi | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | Tamil lexicon: 216 | |
| Comment | Also: piriyai (2704), peṇṭāṭṭi (2858). | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 32 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Kannada | |
| Lexeme | peṃḍati | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | Kannada-English Etymological Dictionary: 655 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 33 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Parji | |
| Lexeme | ayal | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | Parji dictionary: 148 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 34 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Gadaba (Kondekor- Mudhili) | |
| Lexeme | āyal | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | Bhaskararao Konekor Gadaba language: 90 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 35 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Kui | |
| Lexeme | mṛehali | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | Winfield Kui Vocabulary: 79 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 36 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Pengo | |
| Lexeme | āṛ | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | Burrow-Bhattacharya's Pengo: 195 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 37 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Khamnigan Mongol | |
| Lexeme | gergen | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | ← | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | 1) mu:xail gergen či da:
2) gergen basagan 1) you are a bad woman 2) old maid |
| Reference | Damdinov, Sundueva 2015: 113 | |
| Comment | The meaning 'wife' is original here. Gergen is derived from ger 'house' and in many other Mongolic language has the only meaning 'wife' | |
| NEW Realization 38 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Batsbi | |
| Lexeme 1 | pstʼuy-nŏ | |
| Lexeme 2 | pstʼu | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | ← | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | Kadagidze & Kadagidze 1984: 593 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 39 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Serbian | |
| Lexeme | жена (žena) | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | tlačenje žene od muškarca oppression of women by men |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | Carica Milica, žena Cara Lazara Tsarina Milica, wife of Tsar Lazar |
| Reference | CLARIN.SI | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 40 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Croatian | |
| Lexeme | žena | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | moja žena my wife |
| Reference | HJP | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 41 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Malak-Malak | |
| Lexeme | alawarr | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | Lindsay et al. 2017: 2 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 42 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Turkish | |
| Lexeme | hatun | |
| Meaning 1 | woman, madam, lady | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife (colloquial) | |
| Reference | Baskakov 1977: 391 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 43 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Turkish | |
| Lexeme | karı | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | karı koca husband and wıfe |
| Direction | ← | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | karı oynatmak to have fun with women |
| Reference | Baskakov 1977: 515 | |
| Comment | 'Wife' is the primary meaning, and 'woman' a secondary one. |
|
| NEW Realization 44 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Veps | |
| Lexeme | ak | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | Zajceva, Mullonen 1972: 27 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 45 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Estonian | |
| Lexeme | naine | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | Veskimägi et al. 1995: 470 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 46 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Rutul | |
| Lexeme | хьыдылды / xɨdɨldɨ | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | хьылешды валыгмар / xɨlešdɨ walɨgmar woman's clothes |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | хьыдылды сихъиргын / xɨdɨldɨ siqirgɨn to divorce one's wife |
| Reference | Alisultanov, Sulejmanova 2019: 410 | |
| Comment | In (Ismailova 2011) it is not mentioned that the word 'хьыдылды' (xɨdɨldɨ) has a meaning 'wife' |
|
| NEW Realization 47 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Even | |
| Lexeme | аси | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | Robbek, Robbek 2005: 47 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 48 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Maori | |
| Lexeme | wahine | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | MD | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 49 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Hopi | |
| Lexeme | wuuti | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | Albert, Shaul 1985: 108 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 50 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Ndyuka (Aukan, Eastern Maroon Creole) | |
| Lexeme | uman | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | <personally collected data> | |
| Comment | From English woman https://www-01.sil.org/americas/suriname/Aukan/English/AukanEngDictIndex.html |
|
| NEW Realization 51 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Doromu-Koki | |
| Lexeme | rema | |
| Meaning 1 | woman | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | Bradshaw 2021: 165 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 52 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Western Abenaki | |
| Lexeme | -skwa | |
| Meaning 1 | female | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | wife | |
| Reference | <personally collected data> | |
| Comment | Masta, Henry Lorne. 1932. Abenaki Indian Legends, Grammar and Place Names. Odanak, P.Q., Canada. |
|