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26 realizations
Related shifts
ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Lak | |
Lexeme | bak' | |
Meaning 1 | head | |
Direction | → | |
Meaning 2 | leader, boss | аьралуннал бакI 'the army leader' |
Reference | ||
Comment | (Khajdakov 1962: 50). Cf. the derivative бакIчи 'leader, head, chief' (p. 51). |
ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Derivation | |
Language | Nganasan | |
Lexeme 1 | ңойбуо | |
Lexeme 2 | ңойбу | |
Meaning 1 | head | |
Direction | — | |
Meaning 2 | chief | |
Reference | NMS: 2039, 2042 | |
Comment |
ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Swahili | |
Lexeme | kichwa | |
Meaning 1 | head | kichwa wazi 'with uncovered head' |
Direction | — | |
Meaning 2 | leader | |
Reference | ||
Comment | Polikanov |
ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Semantic evolution | |
Language | Icelandic | |
Lexeme | höfuð | |
Meaning 1 | head | |
Direction | → | |
Meaning 2 | chief | |
Reference | Berkov et al. 1962 | |
Comment |
ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Komi | |
Lexeme | юр | |
Meaning 1 | head | |
Direction | → | |
Meaning 2 | head, superior | овмöсса юр 'the master of the household' |
Reference | Beznosikova et al. 2000: 775 | |
Comment | also юрлысь 'head' (юрлысь Коми Республикаса 'The Head of the Komi Republic') |
ACCEPTED Realization 6 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Armenian | |
Lexeme | glux (գլուխ) | |
Meaning 1 | head | |
Direction | — | |
Meaning 2 | leader, chief | |
Reference | Galstjan 1984: 160 | |
Comment |
ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Kildin Saami | |
Lexeme | вуэййв | |
Meaning 1 | head | выгклэ вӯйвэнѣ 'to shake one's head' |
Direction | — | |
Meaning 2 | chief, chairman | сыййт Совеhт вуэййв 'the chairman of the village council' |
Reference | Kuruč 1985: 60 | |
Comment |
ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Buriat | |
Lexeme | толгой | |
Meaning 1 | head | |
Direction | — | |
Meaning 2 | head, master, leader | |
Reference | Čeremisov 1973: 425-426 | |
Comment |
ACCEPTED Realization 9 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Uzbek | |
Lexeme | бош | |
Meaning 1 | head | |
Meaning 2 | head, boss | бош инженер 'chief engineer' |
Reference | ||
Comment | The same in Gagauz баш (ГРМС 75). |
ACCEPTED Realization 10 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | English | |
Lexeme | head | |
Meaning 1 | head | |
Direction | — | |
Meaning 2 | head, boss | head of the department 'head of the department' |
Reference | Koptjevskaja-Tamm 2008: 27 | |
Comment |
ACCEPTED Realization 11 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Russian | |
Lexeme 1 | голова (golova) | |
Lexeme 2 | golova | |
Meaning 1 | head | |
Direction | — | |
Meaning 2 | chief | городской голова 'mayor' |
Reference | MAS | |
Comment |
ACCEPTED Realization 12 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Derivation | |
Language | Hungarian | |
Lexeme | fej | |
Meaning 1 | head | fejbe ütni 'to hit somebody on the head' |
Direction | — | |
Meaning 2 | chief | az állam feje 'head of state' |
Reference | Gal’di 1987: 214, 252-253 | |
Comment | Also adjective fő 'main, principal' and 'chief' (családfő 'head of the family', kormánifő 'head of the government') derivated from fej |
ACCEPTED Realization 13 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Semantic evolution | |
Language 1 | Latin | |
Language 2 | French | |
Lexeme 1 | caput | |
Lexeme 2 | chef | |
Meaning 1 | head | oscitat in campis caput a cervice revulsum 'the head torn off from its neck gapes on the ground (Ennius)' |
Direction | → | |
Meaning 2 | chief | chef d'entreprise 'director, leader of an enterprise' |
Reference | Robert historique: 719-724 | |
Comment |
ACCEPTED Realization 14 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Mandarin Chinese | |
Lexeme | shǒu | |
Meaning 1 | head | |
Direction | — | |
Meaning 2 | head, leader, chief, originator | |
Reference | BKRS: 2791 | |
Comment |
ACCEPTED Realization 15 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Farsi | |
Lexeme | سر sar | |
Meaning 1 | head | سرش درد ميكند sar-aš dard mikonad 'he has a headache' |
Direction | — | |
Meaning 2 | head, boss | |
Reference | Rubinčik 1970: 2, 26 | |
Comment | В значении "старший, главный" употребляется в первой части в сложных словах |
ACCEPTED Realization 16 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Geez | |
Lexeme | rəʔs | |
Meaning 1 | head | təḳbāʔ rəʔəsaka wataḫaḍab gaṣṣaka Matth. 6:17: 'let you anoint your head and wash your face' |
Direction | → | |
Meaning 2 | chief (leader) | rəʔsa kāhənāt 'the head of the priests'; |
Reference | ||
Comment | LGz. 459; LLA 294-295. |
ACCEPTED Realization 17 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Khmer | |
Lexeme | kba:l | |
Meaning 1 | head | |
Direction | → | |
Meaning 2 | head, chief | |
Reference | Gorgoniev 1984: 89 | |
Comment |
ACCEPTED Realization 18 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Lezgian | |
Lexeme | q’il | |
Meaning 1 | head | |
Direction | — | |
Meaning 2 | head, leader | колхоздин кьил 'the director of a collective farm' |
Reference | LezgRus: 203-204 | |
Comment | The same in Tabassaran (КIУЛ), cf. (TabRus 214). |
ACCEPTED Realization 19 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Sanskrit | |
Lexeme | mūrdhán | |
Meaning 1 | head | |
Direction | → | |
Meaning 2 | chief (applied to persons) | |
Reference | MW | |
Comment | MW 826 |
ACCEPTED Realization 20 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Derivation | |
Language | Yaqui (Hiaki) | |
Lexeme 1 | kova | |
Lexeme 2 | kovanao | |
Meaning 1 | head | |
Direction | → | |
Meaning 2 | governor, leader of a religious society | |
Reference | Dictionary Yaqui: 82-83 | |
Comment |
ACCEPTED Realization 21 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Udmurt | |
Lexeme | йыр | |
Meaning 1 | head | |
Direction | → | |
Meaning 2 | chief (n.) | |
Reference | Kirillova 2008 | |
Comment |
NEW Realization 22 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Batsbi | |
Lexeme | kortô | |
Meaning 1 | head | |
Direction | → | |
Meaning 2 | head, chief, leader, director, instructor | |
Reference | Bertlani (ed.) 2013: 388 | |
Comment |
NEW Realization 23 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Thai | |
Lexeme | ˈhǔa | |
Meaning 1 | head | |
Direction | → | |
Meaning 2 | boss | |
Reference | Morev 1964: 831 | |
Comment |
NEW Realization 24 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Serbian | |
Lexeme | глава (glava) | |
Meaning 1 | head | Uvek me boli glava kad je ovakvo vreme. ' I always get a headache when the weather is like this. |
Direction | → | |
Meaning 2 | boss, leader | глава државе ' leader of state |
Reference | CLARIN.SI Vujanitsh et al. 2007: 194 | |
Comment |
NEW Realization 25 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Croatian | |
Lexeme | glava | |
Meaning 1 | head | |
Direction | → | |
Meaning 2 | boss | |
Reference | HJP | |
Comment |
NEW Realization 26 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Arosi | |
Lexeme | bwau- | |
Meaning 1 | head | |
Direction | → | |
Meaning 2 | chief, leader | |
Reference | ACD | |
Comment |