language
↔
people, nation
4 realizations
FAMILY: Indo-European
Related shifts
| ID | Relation type | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
-
Comment
| NEW Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Old Church Slavonic | |
| lexeme | ѩзꙑкъ | |
| meaning 1 | language | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | people, nation | |
| reference | Cejtlin et al. 1994 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Old East Slavic | |
| lexeme | ѧзꙑкъ, ꙗзꙑкъ, ѩзꙑкъ | |
| meaning 1 | language | по размѣшеньи же ꙗзꙑкъ . Богъ вѣтромъ великомъ раздруши столпъ (Hypatian Codex) after the mixing of the tongues God destroyed the tower [of Babel] with the great wind |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | people, nation | В Афетовѣ же части сѣдить Русь . Чюдь . и вси ꙗзꙑцѣ: Мерѧ . Мурома . Всь . Мордва (Hypatian Codex) In the share of Japheth lies Rus, Chud, and all the tribes: Merya, Muroma, Ves, Mordva |
| reference | Sreznevskij: 1647 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Old English | |
| lexeme | þēod | |
| meaning 1 | language | and hēo mihton sprecan on ǣghwylcere þēode ðe betwux heofonum and eorðan wǣre (Wulfstan archbishop of York Homilies) and they could speak in every language there was between heaven and earth |
| direction | ← | |
| meaning 2 | people, nation | ...on þǣm twām Ægyptum [sindon] fēower and twēntiġ þēoda. (Orosius’, History Against the Pagans) ...in the two Egypts, there are twenty-four peoples. |
| reference | Bosworth, Toller | |
| comment | Proto-Germanic *þeudō 'people, tribe' | |
| NEW Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Romanian | |
| lexeme | limbǎ | |
| meaning 1 | language | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | (obsolete) people, nation | |
| reference | Andrianov, Mixalchi 1954: 496 | |
| comment | From Latin lingua 'tongue' > 'language' | |