to have smell
→
to smell bad
13 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
-
Comment
| NEW Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | English | |
| Lexeme | to smell | |
| Meaning 1 | to have a particular smell, whether good or bad | The roses smell lovely. |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to smell bad; to stink. | Ew, this stuff smells. |
| Reference | <personally collected data> | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Erzya | |
| Lexeme | чине | |
| Meaning 1 | smell | цецянь чине the fragrance of flowers |
| Meaning 2 | bad smell | Кудынестэнть качадсь чинэтькак стака чине The house was stinking with rot |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ЭрзРС 749 | |
| NEW Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Hill Mari | |
| Lexeme | ӱпшӓш | |
| Meaning 1 | to have smell | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to smell bad | |
| Reference | Savatkova 2008 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Karelian | |
| Lexeme | haisu | |
| Meaning 1 | smell | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | bad smell | |
| Reference | Zajkov, Rugoeva 1999: 21 | |
| Comment | Also haju 'smell', 'bad smell' |
|
| NEW Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Kubachi | |
| Lexeme | кквягI | |
| Meaning 1 | smell | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | bad smell | |
| Reference | Magomedov, Saidov-Akkutta 2017: 221 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Cognates | |
| Language 1 | Latvian | |
| Language 2 | Lithuanian | |
| Lexeme 1 | smarda | |
| Lexeme 2 | smardas | |
| Meaning 1 | smell, appetite, desire | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | stench | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Cf. also the Slavic смрадъ 'stench, strong smell' -MR AZ: Old East Slavic смрадъ, смородъ 'strench' (Sreznevskij III: 446) Фасмер: сморо́дина, укр. сморо́дина, ср.-нж.-нем. stinkstruk "черная смородина", нов.-в.-н. Stinkbaum – то же (Прицель–Ессен 335): stinken "вонять", так как листья черной смородины издают острый запах (Мi. ЕW 310; Преобр. II, 339).(https://gufo.me/dict/vasmer/%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4) |
|
| NEW Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Moksha | |
| Lexeme | шини | |
| Meaning 1 | fragrant, odorous | Сон указовась, роди, кайсемс ёткозост всякай шини тишенят, капёрхт-месть, чесноконя... ( И. Девин, Нардише) She, it seems, advised putting all sorts of fragrant herbs, dill, garlic |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | stinking, smelly | шини ведь smelly liquid |
| Reference | Serebrennikov et al. 1998 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Osetin | |
| Lexeme | smag | |
| Meaning 1 | smell | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | bad smell | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | The second meaning is mainly present in the Iron dialect. Абаев 3, 128 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Cognates | |
| Language 1 | Polish | |
| Language 2 | Russian | |
| Lexeme 1 | woń | |
| Lexeme 2 | вонь (von') | |
| Meaning 1 | smell | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | stench | |
| Reference | <personally collected data> | |
| Comment | In Old Russian von' - "smell, odour" | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Swahili | |
| Lexeme | mnuko | |
| Meaning 1 | smell | |
| Meaning 2 | bad smell, stench | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | Polikanov | |
| NEW Realization 11 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Turkish | |
| Lexeme | kokmak | |
| Meaning 1 | to smell, have a smell | Bu çiçek çok güzel kokuyor. This flower smells so good. |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | to have a bad smell; stink, reek | Burası kokuyor. This place stinks. |
| Reference | <personally collected data> | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 12 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Veps | |
| Lexeme | duh | |
| Meaning 1 | smell | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | bad smell | |
| Reference | Zajceva, Mullonen 1972: 70 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 13 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Yazghulami | |
| Lexeme | bi | |
| Meaning 1 | smell | |
| Meaning 2 | stinking, stinky | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ЭСИЯ 2, 142-143. In the majority of the Iranian languages this root has the meaning of 'smell, fragrance' | |