beaver (Castor fiber)
↔
otter (Lutra lutra)
11 realizations
MACROAREA: Eurasia
Related shifts
| ID | Relation type | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
-
Comment
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 (ID: 3762) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Cognates | |
| language 1 | Gagauz | |
| language 2 | Kyrghyz | |
| lexeme 1 | kunduz | |
| lexeme 2 | қундуз | |
| meaning 1 | beaver | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | otter | |
| reference | ESTJA: 6, 146 | |
| comment | In the majority of Turkic languages the word means "beaver". Old Uyghur qunduz 'beaver'; Bashkir ҡондоҙ 'beaver', Southern Altai кумдус 'beaver', Tuvan кундус 'odder', Uzbek qunduz 'odder', Turkish kunduz 'beaver', Azerbaijani qunduz 'beaver', Chuvash хӑнтӑр 'beaver' |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 (ID: 26921) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Hindi | |
| lexeme | ūd (ऊद) | |
| meaning 1 | beaver (Castor fiber) | |
| direction | ← | |
| meaning 2 | otter (Lutra lutra) | |
| reference | English Wiktionary | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 3 (ID: 40480) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Syncretism | |
| language | Lezgian | |
| lexeme | хундуз | |
| meaning 1 | beaver (Castor fiber) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | otter (Lutra lutra) | |
| reference | LezgRus | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 (ID: 27627) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Modern Written Arabic | |
| lexeme | كَلْب الماء kalb-u l-māʔ-i | |
| meaning 1 | beaver (Castor fiber) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | otter (Lutra lutra) | |
| reference | Wehr: 979 | |
| comment | lit. water dog |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 (ID: 26935) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Old Irish | |
| lexeme | dobrán | |
| meaning 1 | beaver (Castor fiber) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | otter (Lutra lutra) | |
| reference | eDIL | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 6 (ID: 51956) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Udmurt | |
| lexeme | кама | |
| meaning 1 | (dialect) beaver (Castor fiber) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | (dialect) otter (Lutra lutra) | |
| reference | Kirillova 2008 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 7 (ID: 51957) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Udmurt | |
| lexeme | палкуас | |
| meaning 1 | (dialect) beaver (Castor fiber) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | (dialect) otter (Lutra lutra) | |
| reference | Kirillova 2008 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 8 (ID: 51958) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Udmurt | |
| lexeme | уад | |
| meaning 1 | beaver (Castor fiber) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | otter (Lutra lutra) | |
| reference | Kirillova 2008 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 9 (ID: 51953) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Syncretism | |
| language | Udmurt | |
| lexeme | мый | |
| meaning 1 | beaver (Castor fiber) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | otter (Lutra lutra) | |
| reference | Kirillova 2008 | |
| comment | From Proto-Permic *moj 'beaver', from Proto-Uralic *maja. Cognates include Finnish majava and Northern Sami mádjit 'beaver'. |
|
| NEW Realization 10 (ID: 51954) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Syncretism | |
| language | Udmurt | |
| lexeme | вудор | |
| meaning 1 | beaver (Castor fiber) | |
| direction | ← | |
| meaning 2 | otter (Lutra lutra) | |
| reference | Kirillova 2008 | |
| comment | From Proto-Permic *vurd, borrowed from a Middle Iranian language, ultimately from Proto-Indo-Iranian *udrás (compare Ossetian урдӕ (urdæ) and Sanskrit उद्र (udra)), from Proto-Indo-European *udrós. Cognates include Komi-Zyrian вурд (vurd) and Komi-Permyak вурд (vurd). | |
| NEW Realization 11 (ID: 51955) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Internal cognates | |
| language | Udmurt | |
| lexeme | вад | |
| meaning 1 | (dialect) beaver (Castor fiber) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | otter (Lutra lutra) | |
| reference | Kirillova 2008 | |
| comment | ||