The Database of Semantic Shifts in the languages of the world

ID	Meaning 1	Direction	Meaning 2

Comment

ACCEPTED Realization 1
type		Polysemy
language		Ancient Greek
lexeme		πλησίος
meaning 1	close, near
meaning 2	neighbour
reference
comment		LSJ 1420

ACCEPTED Realization 2
type		Polysemy
language		Classical Arabic
lexeme		ḳarīb-
meaning 1	near, nearby	huwa ḳarīb-un minnī He is next to me
direction	—
meaning 2	close, relative	hād̲ihi l-marʔat-u ḳarībat-ī This woman is my relative
reference
comment		Lane 2507-08. Cf. Also the Ge'ez ḳarba 'draw near, be near, approach, come close, be connected, be akin'; maḳrab 'near, neighboring, relative'

ACCEPTED Realization 3
type		Polysemy
language		Danish
lexeme		nær
meaning 1	near	på nært hold in close proximity
direction	→
meaning 2	close (of relations)	nær ven a close friend
reference		DDO
comment

ACCEPTED Realization 4
type		Derivation
language		Latin
lexeme 1		am-
lexeme 2		amicus
meaning 1	next to (preposition)
meaning 2	friend
reference
comment		В.Пизани "Этимология", p. 115 (parallel with amo 'love' is secondary).

ACCEPTED Realization 5
type		Polysemy
language		Lezgian
lexeme		muq’ʷa
meaning 1	close; soon	a. мукьва вахтара 'after some time, in the nearest future' - через некоторое время, в ближайшее время
meaning 2	relative
reference
comment		(LezgRus 243)

ACCEPTED Realization 6
type		Polysemy
language		Moksha
lexeme		мала
meaning 1	close	мала велень ломань a person from the next village
meaning 2	close, dear	мала ломань significant other
reference
comment		МокшРС 358

ACCEPTED Realization 7
type		Polysemy
language		Norwegian
lexeme		nær
meaning 1	near	på nært hold in close proximity
direction	→
meaning 2	close (of relations)	det er et nært forhold mellom dem they have a close relationship
reference		BO
comment

ACCEPTED Realization 8
type		Derivation
language		Old Church Slavonic
lexeme 1		искрь
lexeme 2		искрьнии
meaning 1	near, not far
meaning 2	neighbour, friend
reference
comment

ACCEPTED Realization 9
type		Polysemy
language		Russian
lexeme		blizkij
meaning 1	near(by), close	близкие выстрелы shots in the neighbourhood
meaning 2	native, dear	близкий приятель an intimate friend
reference
comment

ACCEPTED Realization 10
type		Polysemy
language		Swedish
lexeme		nära
meaning 1	near	nära grannländer lands which are situated near each other
direction	→
meaning 2	close (of relations)	de är nära vänner they are close friends
reference		SAO
comment

ACCEPTED Realization 11
type		Polysemy
language		Tibetan
lexeme		bcar-ba
meaning 1	proximity	bcar bzhugs-pa to be constantly next to smn
meaning 2	close, intimate	bcar b'i mdze'a bshes intimate friend
reference
comment		Рерих 3, 38.