breathing soul 16 realizations
ACCEPTED Realization 1
type Polysemy
language Aleut
lexeme anr(i)
meaning 1 breath
direction
meaning 2 spirit, soul
reference François 2008: 197
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 2
type Polysemy
language Ancient Greek
lexeme 1 ψυχή (psykhē)
lexeme 2 psūkhē
meaning 1 breath
direction
meaning 2 soul
reference François 2008: 194 Dvoreckij 1958
comment
NEW Realization 3
type Derivation
language Batsbi
lexeme 1 sa daxar
lexeme 2 sa
meaning 1 to breathe
direction
meaning 2 soul
reference Bertlani (ed.) 2013: 248-249
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 4
type Polysemy
language Beja
lexeme šūk
meaning 1 breathing, breath
direction
meaning 2 soul
reference François 2008: 199
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 5
type Derivation
language Classical Arabic
lexeme 1 نَفَس nafas-
lexeme 2 نَفْس nafs-
meaning 1 puff, breath
direction
meaning 2 soul
reference BK: II 1310
comment
NEW Realization 6
type Polysemy
language Estonian
lexeme hing
meaning 1 breathing
direction
meaning 2 soul
reference EKSS
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 7
type Polysemy
language Icelandic
lexeme andi
meaning 1 breath halda niðri í sér andanum
to hold one's breath
direction
meaning 2 soul Andar framliðinna voru á sveimi
The souls of the dead were floating around
reference ISLEX
comment Берков
NEW Realization 8
type Polysemy
language Itelmen
lexeme фчифч
meaning 1 breathing
direction
meaning 2 soul
reference PIRS: 272
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 9
type Derivation
language Latin
lexeme 1 spirare
lexeme 2 spiritus
meaning 1 to blow, to breathe
direction
meaning 2 spirit
reference François 2008: 195
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 10
type Polysemy
language Latin
lexeme anima
meaning 1 breath anima continere
to hold one's breath
direction
meaning 2 soul
reference
comment Glare 132
ACCEPTED Realization 11
type Semantic evolution
language 1 Latin
language 2 French
lexeme 1 anima
lexeme 2 âme
meaning 1 breathing
direction
meaning 2 soul
reference Sakhno 2009: 95
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 12
type Derivation
language Nganasan
lexeme 1 бачебса, бачюо
lexeme 2 бачюʔ
meaning 1 breath
direction
meaning 2 soul
reference NMS: 78-80 Kosterkina, Momde, Ždanova 2001: 22
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 13
type Polysemy
language Sanskrit
lexeme ātman
meaning 1 breath
direction
meaning 2 the individual soul, spiritual force of the person
reference François 2008: 194
comment
NEW Realization 14
type Polysemy
language Selkup
lexeme гвэй ~ ӷвэй
meaning 1 breathing
direction
meaning 2 soul
reference Consolidated Selkup
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 15
type Derivation
language Syriac
lexeme 1 nəšam
lexeme 2 nəšamtā
meaning 1 spiravit
direction
meaning 2 spiritus, anima
reference LSyr.: 451 Payne Smith: 2476-2477
comment In SED I No. 51, the Proto-Semitic verb *nšm 'to breath' is reconstructed, and also the Proto-Semitic noun *nVšam(-at)- 'breath, respiration', with later development into 'spirit, soul'.
NEW Realization 16
type Polysemy
language Tatar
lexeme җамыйаң
meaning 1 to breath
direction
meaning 2 soul
reference Баязитова 2009
comment