to make hard
→
to learn, study
2 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
-
Comment
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Russian | |
| lexeme 1 | твёрдый (tvёrdyj) | |
| lexeme 2 | затвердить (zatverdit') | |
| meaning 1 | hard, solid | твердое вещество 'solid substance' 'solid substance' |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to learn something by heart | затвердить урок 'to learn the lesson by heart' |
| reference | BTS | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Tigrinya | |
| lexeme | ʔaṣnəʕe | |
| meaning 1 | to strengthen, reinforce, to cement, secure, steady | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | to study, read over, memorize, learn by heart | ʔabärtiʕu ʔaṣnəʕe ‘to study hard, swot, be a grind’ |
| reference | ||
| comment | cf. ṣənuʕ ‘strong, tough, hard’. KT 2592 | |