free of charge vain, in vain 20 realizations Multi-area
SUSPENDED Realization 1 (ID: 6642)
type Polysemy
language Ancient Greek
lexeme μέλεος
meaning 1 gratuitious, undeserved
direction
meaning 2 vain
reference
comment LSJ 1096 проверить
NEW Realization 2 (ID: 27603)
type Polysemy
language Belarusan
lexeme дарэмны
meaning 1 free of charge
direction
meaning 2 in vain
reference Slounik.org
comment
NEW Realization 3 (ID: 20061)
type Polysemy
language Croatian
lexeme džaba
meaning 1 free of charge dajem džaba
I give it for free
direction
meaning 2 in vain džaba se trudiš, džaba pričaš
you are trying in vain, you are talking in vain
reference HJP
comment
NEW Realization 4 (ID: 20062)
type Polysemy
language Croatian
lexeme budava
meaning 1 free of charge dobit ćeš ostatak iz košare praktički badava
You will have the rest of the products in basket practically for free.
direction
meaning 2 in vain badava ga čekaš
You are waiting for him in vain
reference HJP
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 5 (ID: 9555)
type Cognates
language Evenki
lexeme bosko
meaning 1 for free, for nothing
direction
meaning 2 in vain
reference
comment The meanings are distributed between dialects
ACCEPTED Realization 6 (ID: 6203)
type Polysemy
language Gagauz
lexeme dicäba
meaning 1 for free, for nothing
direction
meaning 2 in vain
reference
comment ГРМС 141. The polysemic lexeme has been borrowed from Rumanian. Cf. also the form җaба with the same meanings (ГРМС 183).
ACCEPTED Realization 7 (ID: 5781)
type Polysemy
language German
lexeme umsonst
meaning 1 for free, for nothing
direction
meaning 2 in vain
reference Duden: 777
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 8 (ID: 1969)
type Polysemy
language Hausa
lexeme a banza
meaning 1 for nothing, for free
direction
meaning 2 in vain
reference
comment Хауса 12
ACCEPTED Realization 9 (ID: 6571)
type Polysemy
language Komi
lexeme прöста
meaning 1 for free прöста босьтны
to take for free
direction
meaning 2 in vain прöста мырсьыны
to make efforts in vain
reference
comment КомиРС 531
NEW Realization 10 (ID: 37728)
type Polysemy
language Lezgian
lexeme гьавайда
meaning 1 free of charge
direction
meaning 2 vain, in vain
reference LezgRus: 96
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 11 (ID: 5584)
type Polysemy
language Nanai
lexeme бай
meaning 1 for free, for nothing
direction
meaning 2 in vain
reference Onenko 1989: 56
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 12 (ID: 5780)
type Polysemy
language Romanian
lexeme degeaba
meaning 1 for free, for nothing
direction
meaning 2 in vain
reference DEX98
comment DEX98, NODEX
ACCEPTED Realization 13 (ID: 5364)
type Polysemy
language Russian
lexeme даром (darom)
meaning 1 for nothing, for free a. Даром не брать ничего, а платить. 'Don't take anything for free, you should pay.' b. Лошадку даром взял, за 30 рублей. ' I got the horse practically for nothing, for 30 roubles.'
direction
meaning 2 in vain a. Все труды пропали даром. 'All work was vain.' b. Даром слова не молви, на ветер. 'Do not say a word in vain, to the four winds.' c. Даром (попусту) молва не ходит. 'The rumours do not spread for nothing.'
reference
comment Cf. examples with negation from Dal': Недаром ("не зря") говорится, что дело не годится 'Not for nothing it is said, that this thing is not good'.
NEW Realization 14 (ID: 35598)
type Polysemy
language Rutul
lexeme гьавайи
meaning 1 free of charge
direction
meaning 2 vain, in vain
reference Alisultanov, Sulejmanova 2019: 96
comment
NEW Realization 15 (ID: 20063)
type Polysemy
language Serbian
lexeme џаба (džaba)
meaning 1 free of charge добити нешто џаба
to get something for free
direction
meaning 2 in vain џаба се трудити
to try in vain
reference Vujanitsh et al. 2007: 1525
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 16 (ID: 8639)
type Polysemy
language Swahili
lexeme bwerere
meaning 1 for free, for nothing
direction
meaning 2 something useless
reference
comment Polikanov
ACCEPTED Realization 17 (ID: 5118)
type Polysemy
language Tabassaran
lexeme hawajidi
meaning 1 for free, very cheaply гьавайиди алабхъунзуз
I got it very for a very low price
direction
meaning 2 in vain уву гьавайиди гъягъюб гъабхьну
You should not have gone there.
reference
comment The same in Lezgian (гьавайда), cf. (LezgRus 96).
ACCEPTED Realization 18 (ID: 8655)
type Polysemy
language Tigrinya
lexeme bəbəlaš
meaning 1 'in vain, for nothing, gratis'
direction
meaning 2 'uselessly, in vain'
reference
comment KT 1091
NEW Realization 19 (ID: 23237)
type Polysemy
language Turkish
lexeme hasbî
meaning 1 free of charge, gratuitious

hasbî bir çalışma


working without payment

direction
meaning 2 in vain

hasbî azar işitti


he was criticized without a reason

reference Baskakov 1977: 388
comment
SUSPENDED Realization 20 (ID: 8707)
type Polysemy
language Ukrainian
lexeme дурно (durno)
meaning 1 for free, for nothing (colloq.)
direction
meaning 2 in vain
reference
comment