to breathe → to rest 34 realizations
ACCEPTED Realization 1
type Derivation
language Ancient Greek
lexeme 1 ψύχω
lexeme 2 ἀναψύχω
meaning 1 to blow, to breathe
direction →
meaning 2 to give rest, refreshment
reference
comment In this case the shift in meaning was possibly the following: 'to breath, to blow' > 'to cool, to refresh' > 'to give rest'
ACCEPTED Realization 2
type Cognates
language 1 Antsi (Ayta Maganchi)
language 2 Kapampangan
lexeme 1 maŋ-is-náwa
lexeme 2 -ináwa
meaning 1 to breathe
direction →
meaning 2 to rest
reference ACD
comment 'to breath' in many Austronesian languages. Also Tagalog gi-nháwa 'ease; comfort; prosperity; wealth; freedom from pain, poverty, trouble, etc.; life of ease; convenience; consolation received, rest, respite, quiet; freedom from anything that tires, troubles, disturbs or pains', Wogeo mañawa 'to rest', Manam manawa 'to rest, take a rest, repose', Ilokano gi-nʔáwa ‘relief, comfort, ease, rest, relaxation’ (< Tagalog?)
NEW Realization 3
type Polysemy
language Anuta
lexeme mānava
meaning 1 to breathe
direction →
meaning 2 to rest
reference Ross, Pawley, Osmond: 5, 294
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 4
type Polysemy
language Arosi
lexeme manawa
meaning 1 to breathe
direction →
meaning 2 to rest
reference ACD Ross, Pawley, Osmond: 5, 113
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 5
type Polysemy
language Classical Arabic
lexeme ʔarāḥa
meaning 1 to breathe (said of a man or a horse))
direction →
meaning 2 to have rest

اراح بَعِيرَهُ (ʔarāḥa baˁīru-hu)


He alighted from his camel to rest him and to alleviate him.
reference Lane: 1179
comment
NEW Realization 6
type Polysemy
language Dagur
lexeme амьслаагу
meaning 1 to breathe
direction →
meaning 2 to rest, make a pause for rest
reference Тумурдэй Цыбенов Краткий дагурско-русский словарь: 14
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 7
type Polysemy
language Embera
lexeme ɨ̃ɲã'ba
meaning 1 breathe, breath
direction —
meaning 2 rest
reference IDS
comment CLICS-3
ACCEPTED Realization 8
type Polysemy
language Erzya
lexeme укстамс
meaning 1 to sigh Микита куваксто укстась
Nikita sighed deeply
direction →
meaning 2 to have rest максомс ломантненень укстамс
to let people have rest
reference
comment ЭрзРС 692
NEW Realization 9
type Cognates
language 1 Faghani (Fagani)
language 2 Cheke Holo (Maringe)
lexeme 1 manawa
lexeme 2 ñafa
meaning 1 to breathe
direction →
meaning 2 to rest
reference Ross, Pawley, Osmond: 5, 293
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 10
type Polysemy
language Farsi
lexeme تنفس tanaffos
meaning 1 breath تنفس کردن tanaffos kardan
to breath
direction —
meaning 2 pause, break
reference Rubinčik 1970: 402
comment ПРС 219. Borrowed from the Arabic nfs 'to breathe', like in Swahili.
ACCEPTED Realization 11
type Polysemy
language Futunan
lexeme mānava
meaning 1 to breathe
direction →
meaning 2 to rest
reference ACD
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 12
type Polysemy
language Geez
lexeme ʔanfasa
meaning 1 to breathe, to exhale ʔarāwit za-yānaffəsu ʔəsāta

beasts which breathe fire
direction —
meaning 2 to have rest, to relax ʕabiya gəbra faṣṣamka wa-ʔanfaska 

You have completed a great deed and you had rest.
reference LLA: 706
comment The meaning B is more widespread (cf. also ʔastanfasa 'to breathe', ibid.). The meaning A is the original one, the root goes back to the Proto-Semitic *npš 'to breathe' (cf. SED I No. 46).
NEW Realization 13
type Polysemy
language Gela (Nggela)
lexeme ahe-ahe
meaning 1 to breathe
direction →
meaning 2 to rest
reference Ross, Pawley, Osmond: 5, 295
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 14
type Polysemy
language Jarawara
lexeme hasi na
meaning 1 to breathe Oko hasi ni fafawaraba ke.
My breathing is weak.
direction —
meaning 2 to rest Hasi onahabana oke, mata.
I'm going to take a little rest.
reference
comment JED 80.
ACCEPTED Realization 15
type Polysemy
language Karaim
lexeme тын-
meaning 1 to breath
direction →
meaning 2 to have rest
reference
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 16
type Polysemy
language Kumak
lexeme horêân
meaning 1 to breathe
direction →
meaning 2 to take a rest
reference François 2008: 183
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 17
type Polysemy
language Makonde
lexeme ku-pumula
meaning 1 to breathe
direction →
meaning 2 to take a rest
reference François 2008: 182
comment
NEW Realization 18
type Polysemy
language Malak-Malak
lexeme pirrpak
meaning 1 to be windy, to blow (from a mouth)
direction →
meaning 2 to rest, take a break
reference Lindsay et al. 2017: 23
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 19
type Polysemy
language Mwotlap
lexeme mōkheg
meaning 1 to breathe
direction →
meaning 2 to take a rest
reference François 2008: 183
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 20
type Polysemy
language Nahuatl
lexeme imi’iyo
meaning 1 to breathe
direction →
meaning 2 to take a rest
reference François 2008: 183
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 21
type Polysemy
language Osetin
lexeme улæфын (ūlæfyn)
meaning 1 to breath
direction —
meaning 2 to have rest
reference Abaev: 4, 14
comment
NEW Realization 22
type Polysemy
language Pukapukan
lexeme waka-manava
meaning 1 to breathe
direction →
meaning 2 to rest
reference Ross, Pawley, Osmond: 5, 295
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 23
type Derivation
language Russian
lexeme 1 дышать (dyšat')
lexeme 2 отдыхать (otdyhat')
meaning 1 breath
direction —
meaning 2 to have rest
reference BTS
comment
NEW Realization 24
type Polysemy
language Samoan
lexeme mānava
meaning 1 to breathe
direction →
meaning 2 to rest from work
reference Ross, Pawley, Osmond: 5, 294
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 25
type Polysemy
language Sanskrit
lexeme āçvas
meaning 1 to breath freely
direction —
meaning 2 to have rest
reference
comment Кочергина 103-104
ACCEPTED Realization 26
type Polysemy
language Swahili
lexeme tanafusi
meaning 1 to breath
direction →
meaning 2 to have rest, to make a break
reference
comment Polikanov
ACCEPTED Realization 27
type Polysemy
language Swahili
lexeme pumua
meaning 1 to breath
direction →
meaning 2 to make a break
reference
comment Polikanov
NEW Realization 28
type Polysemy
language Tagalog
lexeme hingá
meaning 1 to breathe
direction →
meaning 2 to rest
reference SEAlang Tagalog
comment
NEW Realization 29
type Polysemy
language Turkish
lexeme teneffüs
meaning 1 breathing
direction →
meaning 2 school break between classes
reference Baskakov 1977: 848
comment


ACCEPTED Realization 30
type Polysemy
language Tuyuca
lexeme ye'e-ri-sã
meaning 1 breathe, breath
direction —
meaning 2 rest
reference IDS
comment CLICKS-3
NEW Realization 31
type Polysemy
language Tuyuca
lexeme ye'e-ri-sã
meaning 1 to breathe
direction —
meaning 2 to rest
reference IDS CLICS-3
comment
NEW Realization 32
type Polysemy
language Vaeakau-Taumako (Pileni)
lexeme ma(a)nava
meaning 1 to breathe
direction →
meaning 2 to rest
reference Ross, Pawley, Osmond: 5, 294
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 33
type Polysemy
language Waorani
lexeme gẽbã
meaning 1 breathe, breath
direction —
meaning 2 rest
reference IDS
comment CLICS-3
NEW Realization 34
type Polysemy
language Wintu
lexeme phur
meaning 1 breath
direction —
meaning 2 rest
reference Schlichter 1981: 179-180
comment

Pitkin Harvey. Wintu Dictionary Berkeley, University of California Press, 1985; 456-457

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