lung
↔
liver
40 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Relation type | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
| NEW Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Adang | |
| lexeme | faˈlaːd | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | LexiRumah 3.0.0 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Borrowing | |
| language 1 | Aghul | |
| language 2 | Farsi | |
| lexeme 1 | жигер | |
| lexeme 2 | جگر jegar | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | ← | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | Ramazanov 2010: 274 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Albanian | |
| lexeme | mëlçi | |
| meaning 1 | (colloquial) lung | |
| direction | ← | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Ambulas (Abelam) | |
| lexeme 1 | biyaat wutmi | |
| lexeme 2 | wutmi | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | ← | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | Kundama et al. 1987: 15, 92 | |
| comment | biyaat 'froth, bubbles' liver also gélé wutmi 'black (dark) wutmi' |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Argobba | |
| lexeme | häfa | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | LArg: 204 | |
| comment | The meanings 1 and 2 are recorded for different varieties of South Argobba (LArg. 204). For North Argobba, cf. the term ṭɛyyɨm nɨfḥa "liver" (Wetter 2010:248), apparently lit. "black lung" since the word nɨfḥa must be a derivative from nɛffɛḥ "to blow" (Wetter 2010:33). | |
| NEW Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Azerbaijani | |
| lexeme 1 | ağciyər | |
| lexeme 2 | qaraciyər | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | Azərbaycanca-rusca lüǧet 2006 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Bulgarian | |
| lexeme | дроб | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | Bernštejn 1966: 134 | |
| comment | бял дроб 'lungs', черен дроб 'liver' | |
| NEW Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Bulgarian | |
| lexeme | джигер | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | RNBE | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Cherokee | |
| lexeme 1 | tsuwela (ᏧᏪᎳ) | |
| lexeme 2 | uwela (ᎤᏪᎳ) | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | ← | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | Cherokeedictionary.net | |
| comment | ? |
|
| NEW Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Coatlan Mixe | |
| lexeme 1 | möchjot | |
| lexeme 2 | jot | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | ← | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | Hoogshagen & Hoogshagen 1993: 107-108 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 11 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Cuicatec | |
| lexeme 1 | chi2ni4va4 | |
| lexeme 2 | chi2ni4 | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | ← | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | Anderson, Roque 1983: 537 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 12 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Ekari (Kapauku) | |
| lexeme 1 | gekege emaje | |
| lexeme 2 | emaje | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | ← | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | Tigi dialect Doble Marion. Kapauku-Malayan-Dutch-English Dictionary The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1960 18, 25 |
|
| NEW Realization 13 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Finongan | |
| lexeme 1 | benepnin faa | |
| lexeme 2 | benepnin | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | ← | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | Rice 2015: 37 | |
| comment | faa 'white' |
|
| NEW Realization 14 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Fula | |
| lexeme | jofe | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | Niang Mamadou 1996: 49 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 15 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Gagauz | |
| lexeme | ceer | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | Gajdarži et al. 1973 | |
| comment | ГРМС 185. The dictionary has more similar examples, presumably for the differentiation positions, e.g. : ак җеер 'lung', кара җеер 'liver' (i.e. white җеер and black җеер) | |
| NEW Realization 16 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Grass Koiarj | |
| lexeme 1 | iru habaka | |
| lexeme 2 | iru inika | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | Dutton 2003: 91 | |
| comment | habaka 'froth, foam, bubbles', inika 'flower, seed' |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 17 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Cognates | |
| language 1 | Hunjara-Kaina Ke | |
| language 2 | Aeka | |
| lexeme | komo | |
| meaning 1 | liver | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | lung(s) | |
| reference | TransNewGuinea.org | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 18 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Khinalug | |
| lexeme 1 | x̂ırıż biyar | |
| lexeme 2 | miċə biyar | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | white biyar vs. black biyar |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 19 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kuot | |
| lexeme | bәsok | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | TransNewGuinea.org | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 20 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Lezgian | |
| lexeme 1 | жигер | |
| lexeme 2 | чIулав жигер | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | LezgRus | |
| comment | lung also тухул, liver also лекь 'black жигер' |
|
| NEW Realization 21 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Luang (Wetan) | |
| lexeme | ati | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | LexiRumah 3.0.0 | |
| comment | CLICS-3 | |
| NEW Realization 22 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Matsés (Mayoruna) | |
| lexeme 1 | isese padish | |
| lexeme 2 | isese | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | ← | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | Fleck 2012: 112 | |
| comment | padish 'soft, weak, fragile' |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 23 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Nyangumarta | |
| lexeme | ralyu-ralyu | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | Bowern, Atkinson 2012 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 24 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Ottoman Turkish | |
| lexeme | ciger (جگر) | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | ak ciğer (آق جگر) 'lung' kara ciğer (قره جگر) 'liver' |
|
| NEW Realization 25 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Reta (Retta) | |
| lexeme | kalɔla | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | LexiRumah 3.0.0 | |
| comment | CLICS-3 | |
| NEW Realization 26 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Romanian | |
| lexeme 1 | ficați | |
| lexeme 2 | ficat | |
| meaning 1 | (regional) lungs | |
| direction | ← | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | MDA2 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 27 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Romanian | |
| lexeme 1 | maiurile (maierele) albe | |
| lexeme 2 | mai (mai negru) | |
| meaning 1 | (regional) lungs | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | (regional) liver | |
| reference | MDA2 | |
| comment | From Hungarian máj 'liver' |
|
| NEW Realization 28 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Romanian | |
| lexeme 1 | plămîn | |
| lexeme 2 | plămîni negre | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | MDA2 | |
| comment | rom Latin pulmōnem, accusative of pulmō, probably through metathesis from a Vulgar Latin root *plumonem |
|
| NEW Realization 29 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Borrowing | |
| language 1 | Rutul | |
| language 2 | Farsi | |
| lexeme 1 | джигаьр | |
| lexeme 2 | جگر jegar | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | ← | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | Алисултанов А. С., Сулейманова Т. С. Рутульско-русский словарь. Махачкала. 2019. 147 |
|
| NEW Realization 30 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Sa'a (South Malaita, Apae'aa | |
| lexeme | sae- | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | Ross, Pawley, Osmond: 5, 190 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 31 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Internal cognates | |
| language | Sumerian | |
| lexeme 1 | mur | |
| lexeme 2 | ur₅ /ur/ | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | ePSD2 | |
| comment | The same cuneiform sign |
|
| NEW Realization 32 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Tem (Kotokoli) | |
| lexeme 1 | fʊʊrʊ́ʊ | |
| lexeme 2 | fɔ́ɔ́rɛ | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | fʊʊrʊ́ʊ kʊdɔḿ 'liver hepatitis' Abassa Sarata, Moumouni Zoubéra, Snead Rebecca. Tɔ́m bíya kpeewú (Dictionnaire Tem-Français) 133, 140 |
|
| NEW Realization 33 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Tok Pisin | |
| lexeme 1 | wetliva | |
| lexeme 2 | liva | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 34 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Tolai (Kuanua) | |
| lexeme 1 | kat longolongo | |
| lexeme 2 | kat | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | Rickard et al.: 70 | |
| comment | liver also kat tuna |
|
| NEW Realization 35 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Tommo So | |
| lexeme 1 | kíndɛ bùúdú bààdù | |
| lexeme 2 | kíndɛ | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | ← | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | McPherson 2009: 172 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 36 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Turkish | |
| lexeme | ciğer | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | Jusipova 2005 | |
| comment | akciğer 'lung(s)', karaciğer 'liver' | |
| NEW Realization 37 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Wamas | |
| lexeme | game- | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | TransNewGuinea.org | |
| comment | CLICS-3 | |
| NEW Realization 38 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Xavante | |
| lexeme 1 | dapawapu | |
| lexeme 2 | dapa | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | ← | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | Hall et al. 1987: 26 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 39 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Yegha | |
| lexeme 1 | ghámo | |
| lexeme 2 | jungári ghámo | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | TransNewGuinea.org Farr & Farr 2008: 221, 276 | |
| comment | otherwise in TransNewGuinea.org gomo 'liver' - Yega dialect, 'lung' - Korafe dialect | |
| NEW Realization 40 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Yoruba | |
| lexeme 1 | ẹ̀dọ̀ fúrú | |
| lexeme 2 | ẹ̀dọ̀ | |
| meaning 1 | lung | |
| direction | ← | |
| meaning 2 | liver | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | Sachnine Michka. Dictionnaire usuel yorùbá-français - suivi d'un index français-yorùbá 1997 104 |
|
CLICS-3 688-1224