pine-tree
→
spruce (Picea)
7 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
| NEW Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Syncretism | |
| Language | Abaza | |
| Lexeme | мзагIв | |
| Meaning 1 | pine-tree | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | spruce (Picea) | |
| Reference | Tugov 1967: 278-279 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Cognates | |
| Language 1 | Ancient Greek | |
| Language 2 | Old Norse | |
| Lexeme 1 | πεύκη | |
| Lexeme 2 | fiohta | |
| Meaning 1 | pine tree | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | fir tree | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Gagauz | |
| Lexeme | çam | |
| Meaning 1 | pine tree | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | fir tree | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ГРМС 527 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Irish Gaelic | |
| Lexeme | giúis | |
| Meaning 1 | pine tree | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | fir tree | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Cognates | |
| Language 1 | Khakas | |
| Language 2 | Yakut | |
| Lexeme 1 | haraɣaj | |
| Lexeme 2 | xaryja | |
| Meaning 1 | pine tree | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | fir tree | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | 'Pine' also: Shor., Haladzh., Uzb., Uyg., Kum., Tat., Bash., Nog., Kaz., Karakalp., Alt. In Kyrgyz it is 'fir wood' СИГТЯ 2006, 420 | |
| NEW Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Nganasan | |
| Lexeme | ко" | |
| Meaning 1 | pine-tree | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | spruce (Picea) | |
| Reference | Kosterkina, Momde, Ždanova 2001: 67 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Semantic evolution | |
| Language 1 | Old English | |
| Language 2 | Middle English | |
| Lexeme 1 | furh | |
| Lexeme 2 | fyrre | |
| Meaning 1 | pine tree | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | fir tree | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ||
Buck 530-531