to know
↔
can, to be able
6 realizations
Multi-area
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 (ID: 31878) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Abkhaz | |
| lexeme | адырра (adərra) | |
| meaning 1 | to know | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | can, to be able | |
| reference | Genko 1998: 85 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 (ID: 47553) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Internal cognates | |
| language | German | |
| lexeme 1 | können | |
| lexeme 2 | kennen | |
| meaning 1 | to know | wir kennen diesen jungen Mann We know this young man |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | can, to be able | ich komme, sobald ich kann I'll come as soon as I can. |
| reference | DWDS | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 (ID: 52119) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Semantic evolution | |
| language 1 | Old English | |
| language 2 | English | |
| lexeme 1 | cunnan | |
| lexeme 2 | can | |
| meaning 1 | to know | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | can, to be able | |
| reference | OED: 332 | |
| comment | Bybee J. L., Perkins R., Pagliuca W. The evolution of grammar: Tense, aspect and modality in the languages of the world. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994б , p. 192: Can predicates that (i) mental enabling conditions exist in the agent (ii) enabling conditions exist in the agent (iii) enabling conditions exist
for the completion of the main predicate situation.
|
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 (ID: 40993) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Sumerian | |
| lexeme | zu | |
| meaning 1 | to be able to | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | to know | |
| reference | ePSD2 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 6 (ID: 10592) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Cognates | |
| language 1 | Zway | |
| language 2 | Amharic | |
| lexeme 1 | čāl | |
| lexeme 2 | c̆alä | |
| meaning 1 | to know | ʔēnɛ yɛbɛlɛyhum čāl He knows that he ate his dinner. |
| direction | ← | |
| meaning 2 | to be able, can, be capable of | |
| reference | AED: 1004 EDG: 174 Meyer 2005: 286 | |
| comment | Goes back to root PWS *khl 'to be able, can' [Kogan 2015: 86; EDG 173, 368]. Cf. also, in Chaha, Ezha, Ennemor, Gyeto, Mesqan xarä, Ennemor harä etc. 'to know, recognize' [EDG 368]. | |
Petrova 2006, sections 3, 4