plant (biol.)
→
gunpowder
7 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Semantic evolution | |
| language 1 | Ancient Greek | |
| language 2 | Byzantine Greek | |
| lexeme | βοτάνη | |
| meaning 1 | plant | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | gunpowder | |
| reference | ||
| comment | Buck 1397 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Botlikh | |
| lexeme | гьунчIа | |
| meaning 1 | grass, plant (biol.) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | (gun)powder | |
| reference | Alekseev, Azaev 2019: 182 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Cognates | |
| language 1 | Church Slavonic | |
| language 2 | Russian | |
| lexeme 1 | sелїе | |
| lexeme 2 | zel'e | |
| meaning 1 | plant | Егда же возрастетъ, болѣе всѣхъ sелїй есть… and when it grows up, it [the mustard seed] gets bigger than any other plant (Mathew 13, 32) |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | gunpowder (obs.) | |
| reference | ||
| comment | Седакова 2005, 126 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Latvian | |
| lexeme 1 | zāle | |
| lexeme 2 | bi(s)zāles (pl.) | |
| meaning 1 | grass, plant | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | gunpowder | |
| reference | ||
| comment | The first part is derived from bise 'gun'. The semantic calque from Mid. High Germ. Büssenkrūt Buck 1397 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Middle High German | |
| lexeme | krūt | |
| meaning 1 | plant, herb | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | gunpowder | |
| reference | ||
| comment | Hence the Germ. Kraut 'grass, top', Dan. krudt 'gunpowder', Swed.krut 'gunpowder', Dutch. Kruit 'gunpowder', kruid 'plant' | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Osetin | |
| lexeme 1 | xos | |
| lexeme 2 | toppyxos | |
| meaning 1 | hay | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | gunpowder | |
| reference | ||
| comment | Абаев 4, 220-221 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Romanian | |
| lexeme | iarbă | |
| meaning 1 | grass, plant | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | gunpowder | |
| reference | DEX98 | |
| comment | DEX98 | |
Вероятно, трава - > снадобье - > порох.