worm
↔
snake
40 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Relation type | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
| NEW Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Syncretism | |
| language | 'Āre'āre | |
| lexeme | mā | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | Ross, Pawley, Osmond: 4, 413 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Akhvakh | |
| lexeme | бека | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | IDS | |
| comment | CLICS-3 |
|
| NEW Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Andi | |
| lexeme | берка | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | IDS | |
| comment | CLICS-3 |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Botlikh | |
| lexeme | берка | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | беркулъи загьру snake poison |
| reference | Alekseev, Azaev 2019: 67 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Central Siberian Yupik | |
| lexeme | nɨmɨɡʲjaq | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | NorthEuraLex | |
| comment | CLICS-3 |
|
| NEW Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Chukchee | |
| lexeme | kəmʔəɬɣən | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | NorthEuraLex | |
| comment | CLICS-3 |
|
| NEW Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Estonian | |
| lexeme | uss | |
| meaning 1 | (zoology) worm | Kaanid kuuluvad usside hulka. Poiss ajas õnge otsa priske ussi. Leeches are worms. The boy baited a hook with a worm. |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | ussi sisin ussilt salvata saama the hissing of a snake get bitten by a snake |
| reference | EKSS | |
| comment | Uss in the definition of "snake" is commonly used for smaller snakes, that are native to Estonia, such as a viper or a grass snake, whereas larger, poisonous snakes are referred to as madu. Мухель 1973: 588 |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Cognates | |
| language 1 | Finnish | |
| language 2 | Estonian | |
| lexeme 1 | mato | |
| lexeme 2 | madu | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | Kielitoimiston sanakirja EKSS | |
| comment | Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, (editors) Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja https://sanat.csc.fi/wiki/EVE:mato Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus, 2012 https://www.eki.ee/dict/ety/index.cgi?Q=madu |
|
| NEW Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Syncretism | |
| language | Gedaged | |
| lexeme | mot | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | Ross, Pawley, Osmond: 3, 260 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 11 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Syncretism | |
| language | Gumawana (Gumasi) | |
| lexeme | moteta | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | Ross, Pawley, Osmond: 4, 413 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 12 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Cognates | |
| language 1 | Harsusi | |
| language 2 | Akkadian | |
| lexeme 1 | šəbšīb | |
| lexeme 2 | šibbu | |
| meaning 1 | small red worm, centipede | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | a snake | |
| reference | SED II: no. 200 HL: 123 CAD: š 2, 375 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 13 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Hup | |
| lexeme | jɔ̃h | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | Huber, Reed 1992 | |
| comment | CLICS-3 |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 14 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Japanese | |
| lexeme 1 | mushi | |
| lexeme 2 | mamushi | |
| meaning 1 | insect, worm | 畑で虫をついばんでいる鳥 hatake de mushi o tsuibande iru tori a bird pecking at insects in the field |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | viper | まむしのように怖い蛇ではない mamushi no yō na osoroshii hebi de wa nai this snake is not as terrible as a viper |
| reference | BCCWJ | |
| comment | ma-mushi lit. "true worm" | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 15 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Cognates | |
| language 1 | Jewish Aramaic | |
| language 2 | Jibbali | |
| lexeme 1 | hī(ʔ) | |
| lexeme 2 | hɔt | |
| meaning 1 | name of a worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | big, long snake | |
| reference | SED II: no. 95 Jastrow: 328 JL: 100 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 16 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Karelian | |
| lexeme | mato | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | (dialect) snake | |
| reference | Zajkov, Rugoeva 1999 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 17 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Khwarshi | |
| lexeme | бекол | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | IDS | |
| comment | CLICS-3 |
|
| NEW Realization 18 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Koryak | |
| lexeme | ынгэм | |
| meaning 1 | worm, caterpillar | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | viper | |
| reference | Žukova 1990: 88 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 19 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Syncretism | |
| language | Kwaio | |
| lexeme | waa | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | ACD | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 20 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Syncretism | |
| language | Kwaio | |
| lexeme | wā | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | Ross, Pawley, Osmond: 3, 260 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 21 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Syncretism | |
| language | Kwaio | |
| lexeme | wā | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | Ross, Pawley, Osmond: 4, 413 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 22 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Lak | |
| lexeme | шатта | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | IDS | |
| comment | CLICS-3 Balikhar dialect |
|
| NEW Realization 23 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Syncretism | |
| language | Lau (Malaita island) | |
| lexeme | wā | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | Ross, Pawley, Osmond: 4, 413 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 24 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Manam | |
| lexeme 1 | mwata-mwata | |
| lexeme 2 | mwata | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | ← | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | ACD | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 25 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Mandarin Chinese | |
| lexeme | chóng (虫) | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | BKRS | |
| comment | Also 'insect' | |
| NEW Realization 26 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Middle English | |
| lexeme | worm | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | MED | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 27 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Syncretism | |
| language | Minaveha | |
| lexeme | mwata-mwata | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | small snake | |
| reference | Ross, Pawley, Osmond: 4, 413 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 28 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Norwegian | |
| lexeme | orm | |
| meaning 1 | worm | leddorm annelid worm |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | hoggorm viper |
| reference | BO | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 29 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Old English | |
| lexeme | wyrm | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | Bosworth, Toller | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 30 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Saliba (New Guinea) | |
| lexeme 1 | mwata-mwata | |
| lexeme 2 | mwata | |
| meaning 1 | earthworm | |
| direction | ← | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | ACD | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 31 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Sanskrit | |
| lexeme | vihrut | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | a species of a snake | |
| reference | MW: 1003 | |
| comment | Кочергина 614 | |
| NEW Realization 32 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Tindi | |
| lexeme | бекʼа | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | IDS | |
| comment | CLICS-3 |
|
| NEW Realization 33 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Tundra Yukaghir | |
| lexeme | t͡ʃitnej kødʲe | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | NorthEuraLex | |
| comment | CLICS-3 |
|
| NEW Realization 34 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Tver Karelian | |
| lexeme | mado | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | Punžina 1994 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 35 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Syncretism | |
| language | Udihe | |
| lexeme | кулига | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | Podmaskin 1984: 219 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 36 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Veps | |
| lexeme | mado | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ, Petrozavodsk: Periodika |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 37 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Wolane | |
| lexeme | tuli | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | serpent, snake | |
| reference | EDG: 597 | |
| comment | From Proto-Semitic *tawliʕ(-at)- 'worm', see SED II No. 230. | |
| NEW Realization 38 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Cognates | |
| language 1 | Woleaian | |
| language 2 | Lakon (Lakona) | |
| lexeme 1 | mwat(a) | |
| lexeme 2 | mwat | |
| meaning 1 | underground worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | ACD | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 39 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Syncretism | |
| language | Woleaian | |
| lexeme | rabwuto | |
| meaning 1 | worm | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | Ross, Pawley, Osmond: 4, 44 | |
| comment | ||
| NEW Realization 40 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Yabem | |
| lexeme | moaʔ | |
| meaning 1 | worm + moaʔ | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | snake | |
| reference | Ross, Pawley, Osmond: 4, 413 | |
| comment | first element in compounds (worm, caterpillar, slug, snail and millipede)’ |
|