bile, gall
→
poison
4 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Ancient Greek | |
| Lexeme | χολή | |
| Meaning 1 | bile | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | poison | |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | poison - snake poison or that of the Learnean Hydra LSJ 1997 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Farsi | |
| Lexeme | زهر zahr | |
| Meaning 1 | bile, gall | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | poison | زهر مهلك zahr-e mohlek deadly poison |
| Reference | Rubinčik 1970: 772 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Latin | |
| Lexeme | fel | |
| Meaning 1 | bile | fel nigrum black bile |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | poison | fel vipereum snake poison (poet.) |
| Reference | ||
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Syriac | |
| Lexeme | mertā | |
| Meaning 1 | fel | mertā ʔukāmtā black bile |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | venenum | mertā dḥewyā snake poison |
| Reference | LSyr.: 400 | |
| Comment | The lexeme goes back to the Proto-Semitic root *mi/ar(r)-at-, *mirār-at 'gall, gall-bladder' (see SED I No. 188). The meaning of 'poison' is present also in a number of other Semitic languages (official Aramaic, Postbiblical Hebrew). | |