<foreigner>
→
syphilis
8 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | English | |
| lexeme 1 | Gall | |
| lexeme 2 | gallican | |
| meaning 1 | French | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | syphilis | |
| reference | ||
| comment | Also Port. mal gálico, Sp. mal (morbo) gálico, Ital morbo gallico, Pol. Choroba gallicka, gallik | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | French | |
| lexeme 1 | de Naples | |
| lexeme 2 | mal (maladie) de Naples | |
| meaning 1 | Neapolitan | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | syphilis | |
| reference | ||
| comment | Also the Fr. vérole de Naples, Port. mal de Napoles, Pol. niemoc niepolitanska. These names keep the memories of the first well attested outbreak of syphilis in Europe during the Italian campaign of the French king Charles VIII, especially concerning his capture of Naples in 1495. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | French | |
| lexeme 1 | d’Espagne | |
| lexeme 2 | mal d’Espagne | |
| meaning 1 | spanish | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | syphilis | |
| reference | ||
| comment | Also Port. mal de Castilla, Eng. Spanish pox, Germ. spanische Krankheit, Pol. choroba hispańska. These names reflect the idea that syphilis had been carried in Europe from America after Columbus' expeditions. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | French | |
| lexeme 1 | prussien | |
| lexeme 2 | maladie prussienne | |
| meaning 1 | Prussian | armée prussienne Prussian army |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | syphilis | |
| reference | CNRTL | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | German | |
| lexeme 1 | Franzose | |
| lexeme 2 | Franzosenkrankheit | |
| meaning 1 | French | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | syphilis | |
| reference | ||
| comment | die Franzosen haben ‘to have syphilis’, lit. ‘to have the French’. | |
| NEW Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Semantic evolution | |
| language | Hungarian | |
| lexeme | franc | |
| meaning 1 | French | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | syphilis | |
| reference | Zaicz 2006: 219 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Italian | |
| lexeme 1 | marocchino | |
| lexeme 2 | marocchinato | |
| meaning 1 | Moroccan | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | syphilis | |
| reference | ||
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Russian | |
| lexeme | nemcy | |
| meaning 1 | germans | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | hard chancre | Уж эти немцы, чуть только один сядет, глядишь, уж их десяток Oh, these Germans, one of them sits down, and immediately there are a dozen of them there |
| reference | ||
| comment | сиб. СРНГ 21, 78 | |
Березович 2007, 440-441 Также франц. французские mal florentin 'флорентийская болезнь', польск. łamanie włoskie 'болезнь итальянская', англ. Irish button 'ирландская пуговица', рус. вятск. татарская оспа41