land (vs. sea) → bottom 4 realizations
ACCEPTED Realization 1
type Polysemy
language Geez
lexeme mədr
meaning 1 land, earth wa-samayo ʔəgzəʔabəḥer la-yabs mədra wa-la-məʔlādātihu la-māy samayo bāḥra (Gen. 1:10); mədra kona (Jud. 5:18)

And God called the dry place land, and he called the gatherings of the water sea; it became earth.
direction →
meaning 2 bottom mədra gəbb (Dan. 6:24); mədra bāḥr (Job 38:16)

the bottom of the pit; the bottom of the sea
reference LLA: 217
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 2
type Polysemy
language German
lexeme Boden
meaning 1 earth, soil vom Schiff aus festen Boden betreten 'to come down from the ship to the firm ground'
direction →
meaning 2 bottom (of a cointainer, sea, river, etc.) ein Glas bis auf den Boden leeren 'to drink the glass to the bottom'
reference
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 3
type Polysemy
language German
lexeme Grund
meaning 1 earth, soil auf eigenem Grund und Boden leben 'to live upon one's own land'
direction →
meaning 2 bottom (of the sea etc.) auf den Boden sinken 'to go to the bottom, to drown'
reference
comment
NEW Realization 4
type Polysemy
language Syriac
lexeme ˀarˁā
meaning 1 land, earth
direction —
meaning 2 ground floor, bottom
reference LSyr.: 51 SL: 104
comment

From PS *ˀarṣ̂- ‘earth’ (Kogan 2011: 189; Kogan 2015: 30).

© Anna A. Zalizniak et al. 2000-2025