old woman
↔
witch, sorceress
3 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
-
Comment
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Semantic evolution | |
| Language | Cornish | |
| Lexeme | gwragh | |
| Meaning 1 | old woman | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | witch | |
| Reference | Gerlyver kernewek | |
| Comment | First meaning in Williams 1865, 201 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Spanish | |
| Lexeme | bruja | |
| Meaning 1 | ugly, evil-looking, or frightening old woman | |
| Direction | ↔ | |
| Meaning 2 | witch | |
| Reference | Narumov 1995 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Irish Gaelic | |
| Lexeme | cailleach | |
| Meaning 1 | nun, old woman, hag; midwife | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | witch | |
| Reference | Ó Dónaill 1977 | |
| Comment | From Old Irish caillech 'nun' → 'housekeeper, elderly woman, crone, hag' from caille 'veil', from Latin pallium 'type of clothing' | |