father
→
founder
24 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
-
Comment
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | English | |
| Lexeme | father | |
| Meaning 1 | father | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | an important male figure in the origin and early history of something | he's held to be the father of abstract art |
| Reference | ODE | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Turkish | |
| Lexeme | baba | |
| Meaning 1 | father | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | founder | |
| Reference | Jusipova 2005 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Ancient Greek | |
| Lexeme | πατήρ | |
| Meaning 1 | father | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | founder, author | οἱ πατέρες τῶν ἀτόμων 'the authors of the atomic theory' |
| Reference | LSJ | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Latin | |
| Lexeme | pater | |
| Meaning 1 | father | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | founder | Herodotus pater historiae |
| Reference | Glare | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Romanian | |
| Lexeme | tată | |
| Meaning 1 | father | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | a man considered as ancestor, founder of a dynasty, a nation, etc. | |
| Reference | DEX98 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Karachay-Balkar | |
| Lexeme | ата (ata) | |
| Meaning 1 | father | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | founder | Жуковский орус авиацияны атасыды 'Zhukovsky is the father of Russian aviation' |
| Reference | Tenišev, Sujunčev 1985: 85-86 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Tuvan | |
| Lexeme | ада | |
| Meaning 1 | father | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | founder | |
| Reference | Tenišev 2008: 10 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Yakut | |
| Lexeme | аҕа (ağa) | |
| Meaning 1 | father | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | founder | Саха литератураын аҕата 'founder of Yakut literature' |
| Reference | Slepcov 1972: 29-30 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Indonesian | |
| Lexeme | bapak | |
| Meaning 1 | father | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | founder, founding father | |
| Reference | Stevens, Schmidgall-Tellings 2010: 92 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Malay | |
| Lexeme | bapak | |
| Meaning 1 | father | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | founder | |
| Reference | Rott et al. 1977.: 36 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 11 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Danish | |
| Lexeme | fader | |
| Meaning 1 | father | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | founder | |
| Reference | Krymova et al. 2004: 157 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 12 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | German | |
| Lexeme | Vater | |
| Meaning 1 | father | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | founder | |
| Reference | Moskal'skaja (ed.) 2001 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 13 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Norwegian | |
| Lexeme | far | |
| Meaning 1 | father | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | founder | |
| Reference | Arakin 2000: 1, 224-225 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 14 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Modern Greek | |
| Lexeme | πατέρας | |
| Meaning 1 | father | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | founder | |
| Reference | Xorikov, Malev 1993: 610 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 15 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Pashto | |
| Lexeme | plār | |
| Meaning 1 | father | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | founder | |
| Reference | Aslanov 1985: 180 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 16 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Italian | |
| Lexeme | padre | |
| Meaning 1 | father | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | founder | Petrarca è il padre della poesia, Einstein è il padre della fisica moderna, Saussure è il padre della linguistica moderna |
| Reference | Zor'ko et al. 2002: 612 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 17 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Spanish | |
| Lexeme | padre | |
| Meaning 1 | father | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | founder | |
| Reference | DRAE | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 18 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Portuguese | |
| Lexeme | pai | |
| Meaning 1 | father | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | founder | |
| Reference | Feerštejn, Starec 2005: 592 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 19 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Russian | |
| Lexeme | отец (otec) | |
| Meaning 1 | father | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | founder | Жуковский был отцом русской авиации 'Zhukovsky was the father of Russian aviation' |
| Reference | BAS: 8, 1364-1366 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 20 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Hungarian | |
| Lexeme | apa | |
| Meaning 1 | father | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | founder | |
| Reference | Gal’di 1987: 41 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 21 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Azerbaijani | |
| Lexeme | ata | |
| Meaning 1 | father | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | founder | Üzeyir Hacibəyov şərq musiqisinin atasıdır 'Üzeyir Hacibəyov is the father of oriental music' |
| Reference | Azərbaycanca-rusca lüǧet 2006: 161 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 22 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Borrowing | |
| Language 1 | Sanskrit | |
| Language 2 | Telugu | |
| Lexeme 1 | janaka | |
| Lexeme 2 | janakuḍu | |
| Meaning 1 | father | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | founder | |
| Reference | Gwynn Telugu Dictionary: 201 | |
| Comment | While borrowed, the word has lost its meanings: in Sanscrit it had a meaning 'progenitor, husband', and in Telugu in has not. | |
| NEW Realization 23 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Malay | |
| Lexeme | bapak | |
| Meaning 1 | father | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | founder, creator | |
| Reference | Rott et al. 1977.: 36 | |
| Comment | ||
| NEW Realization 24 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Serbian | |
| Lexeme | отац (otac) | |
| Meaning 1 | father | Oženjen, otac dvoje dece. ' Married, father of two children. |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | founder | отац модерне писмености ' founder of modern literacy ' |
| Reference | CLARIN.SI Vujanitsh et al. 2007: 895 | |
| Comment | ||