elder
→
chief, boss
9 realizations
MACROAREA: Eurasia
Related shifts
| ID | Relation type | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 | |
| 2876 | Dual Proximity | old (vs. young) | → | chief, boss | Open |
-
Comment
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 (ID: 30594) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Finnish | |
| lexeme | vanhempi | |
| meaning 1 | comparative degree of vanha 'old' | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | senior | vanhempi konstaapeli senior constable |
| reference | Vahros, Ščerbakov 2007 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 (ID: 30593) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Georgian | |
| lexeme | uprosi (უფროსი) | |
| meaning 1 | elder | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | boss | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 (ID: 26083) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kazakh | |
| lexeme | аға | |
| meaning 1 | elder | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | superior in position | |
| reference | Syzdykova, Xusain (eds.) 2008: 22 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 (ID: 24243) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Koryak | |
| lexeme | мэйӈычгʼын | |
| meaning 1 | elder | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | boss | |
| reference | Žukova 1990: 59 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 (ID: 26026) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kubachi | |
| lexeme | хвалел | |
| meaning 1 | elder | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | boss | |
| reference | Magomedov, Saidov-Akkutta 2017: 377 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 6 (ID: 30595) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Medieval Latin | |
| lexeme | senior | |
| meaning 1 | elder | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | lord, sir | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 (ID: 13568) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Nivkh | |
| lexeme | пилаӈ | |
| meaning 1 | oldest in family | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | hunter group leader | |
| reference | Savel'eva, Taksami 1970: 259 | |
| comment | From пиладь 'to be adult' | |
| NEW Realization 8 (ID: 48858) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Rengao | |
| lexeme 1 | krăʹ | |
| lexeme 2 | kaʹdrăʹ | |
| meaning 1 | elder | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | leader | |
| reference | Gregerson & Gregerson 2026: 168 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 9 (ID: 30592) | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Russian | |
| lexeme 1 | старший | |
| lexeme 2 | старшой | |
| meaning 1 | elder | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | (dated) foreman, leader of a work team | |
| reference | BAS | |
| comment | Also староста 'village elder', 'churchwarden', 'class monitor', старшина '(military) sergeant major', '(dated, prerevolutionary Russia) foreman' |
|