spawn, roe
—
calf of a leg
13 realizations
Related shifts
ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Russian | |
Lexeme | икра (ikra) | |
Meaning 1 | calf of a leg | |
Direction | — | |
Meaning 2 | spawn, roe | |
Reference | BAS: 5, 279-281 | |
Comment | In modern Russian, these words are perceived as homonyms. The possibility of their common origin is being actively discussed, but has not yet been conclusively proven. |
ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Komi | |
Lexeme | пӧк | |
Meaning 1 | calf of a leg | ёді пӧк bream roe |
Direction | — | |
Meaning 2 | spawn, roe | кок пӧксӧ курччалісны лӧдзьяс calves were bitten by horseflies |
Reference | Beznosikova et al. 2000 | |
Comment |
ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Udmurt | |
Lexeme | мызь | |
Meaning 1 | calf of a leg | мызь лэзьыны to spawn |
Direction | — | |
Meaning 2 | spawn, roe | |
Reference | Kirillova 2008 | |
Comment |
ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Hungarian | |
Lexeme | ikra | |
Meaning 1 | (rare) calf of a leg | krámba harapott a kutya. The dog bit my calf |
Direction | — | |
Meaning 2 | spawn, roe | A hal lerakja ikráit. The fish lays their eggs |
Reference | MEK 1978 | |
Comment | From Slavic |
ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Dutch | |
Lexeme | kuit | |
Meaning 1 | calf, fleshy part of the lower leg | kuitbeen fibula, calf bone in a leg |
Direction | — | |
Meaning 2 | spawn, roe (fish eggs) | haring of kuit (idiomatic) clear decision between two options, lit. 'milt or roe' |
Reference | <personally collected data> | |
Comment |
ACCEPTED Realization 6 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Bulgarian | |
Lexeme | икра | |
Meaning 1 | (old, dialect) calf of a leg | |
Direction | — | |
Meaning 2 | (old, dialect) spawn, roe | |
Reference | ESSJa: 8, 217 | |
Comment | In modern Bulgarian прасец 'calf of leg', хайвер 'roe' |
ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Macedonian | |
Lexeme | икра | |
Meaning 1 | (dialect) calf of a leg | |
Direction | — | |
Meaning 2 | spawn, roe | |
Reference | ESSJa: 8, 217 | |
Comment | Modern Macedonian лист 'calf of leg' |
ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Cognates | |
Language | Czech | |
Lexeme 1 | ikro | |
Lexeme 2 | jikra (usually pl. jikry) | |
Meaning 1 | (dialect) calf of a leg | |
Direction | — | |
Meaning 2 | spawn, roe | |
Reference | ESSJa: 8, 217 | |
Comment | Czech lýtko 'calf of leg' |
ACCEPTED Realization 9 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Slovak | |
Lexeme 1 | ikra, ikro | |
Lexeme 2 | ikra (usually pl. ikry) | |
Meaning 1 | (dialect) calf of a leg | |
Direction | — | |
Meaning 2 | spawn, roe | |
Reference | ESSJa: 8, 217 | |
Comment | Slovak lýtko 'calf of leg' |
ACCEPTED Realization 10 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Polish | |
Lexeme | ikra | |
Meaning 1 | (dialect) calf of a leg | |
Direction | — | |
Meaning 2 | spawn, roe | |
Reference | ESSJa: 8, 217 | |
Comment | Polish łydka 'calf of leg' |
ACCEPTED Realization 11 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Lithuanian | |
Lexeme | ìkras | |
Meaning 1 | (anat.) calf | |
Direction | — | |
Meaning 2 | fish-egg | |
Reference | Derksen 2015: 199 | |
Comment | The meaning 'calf', which is already attested in Bretke's bible translation (1579—1590), is not mentioned in the DLKŽ. Usually ikrai (pl.) 'roe, spawn, caviar'. |
ACCEPTED Realization 12 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Latvian | |
Lexeme | ikri (pl.) | |
Meaning 1 | (anat.) calves | |
Direction | — | |
Meaning 2 | roe, spawn, caviar | |
Reference | Derksen 2015: 199 | |
Comment | ikrs m. ‘(anat.) calf ’ (Salaca, northern Latvia); ikra f. ‘roe, spawn’ (in Ulmann's Lettisch-Deutsches Worterbuch, 1872) |
ACCEPTED Realization 13 | ||
---|---|---|
Type | Polysemy | |
Language | Romanian | |
Lexeme | icră | |
Meaning 1 | spawn, roe | icre de nisetru sturgeon caviar |
Direction | — | |
Meaning 2 | calf of a leg | cu icre mari with big calves |
Reference | DRRS: 1, 991 | |
Comment | From Slavic |
Identity of Proto-Slavic *jьkra ‘roe, spawn’ and *jьkra ‘calf of leg’ has been debated since the 1880s and was supported by most scholars. Probably from initial meaning ‘something swollen, bloated’. Фасмер 2, 125-126; Черных 1, 342, Derksen 2008, 210, ESSJa 8, 217-220. Baltic examples could appear under the Slavic influence or were descendants of common Proto-Baltic word (Derksen 2015).