crane (Grus)
→
lifting machine
12 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
-
Comment
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Ancient Greek | |
| lexeme | γέρανος | |
| meaning 1 | crane, Grus cinerea | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | crane for lifting weights, esp. used in the theatre | |
| reference | LSJ | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Armenian | |
| lexeme | kṙunk (կռունկ) | |
| meaning 1 | crane (Grus) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | lifting machine | Verambardz krrunknery linum yen stats’ionar yev p’vokhadrovi (anvayin, t’rt’uravor, yerkat’ughayin ynt’ats’k’ov, loghats’vogh). Minch’e 18-rd dari verjy verambardz krrunk patrastum ein p’ayte detalnerits’. 19-rd dari 20-akan t’vakannerin Yerevan yekan metaghits’ patrastvats arrajin verambardz krrunknery (skzbits’ dzerrk’i, isk 30-akan t’vakannerin՝ mekhanikakan haghordakov). Shogiov ashkhatogh arrajin verambardz krrunky karruts’vel e 1830 t’vakanin. (Վերամբարձ կռունկները լինում են ստացիոնար և փոխադրովի (անվային, թրթուրավոր, երկաթուղային ընթացքով, լողացող)։ Մինչե 18-րդ դարի վերջը վերամբարձ կռունկ պատրաստում էին փայտե դետալներից։ 19-րդ դարի 20-ական թվականներին Երևան եկան մետաղից պատրաստված առաջին վերամբարձ կռունկները (սկզբից ձեռքի, իսկ 30-ական թվականներին՝ մեխանիկական հաղորդակով)։ Շոգիով աշխատող առաջին վերամբարձ կռունկը կառուցվել է 1830 թվականին։) Cranes are stationary or portable (wheeled, caterpillar, rail, floating). Until the end of the 18th century, cranes were made of wooden parts. The first cranes made of metal came to Yerevan in the 1920s (initially by hand, and in the 1930s by mechanical transmission). The first steam crane was built in 1830. |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Czech | |
| lexeme | jeřáb | |
| meaning 1 | crane (Grus) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | tech. equipment for lifting and moving heavy load | |
| reference | SSJČ | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Dutch | |
| lexeme | kraan | |
| meaning 1 | crane (Grus) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | lifting machine | |
| reference | Mironov 1987 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | English | |
| lexeme | crane | |
| meaning 1 | crane (Grus) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | a large, tall machine used for moving heavy objects by suspending them from a projecting arm or beam | |
| reference | ODE | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | French | |
| lexeme | grue | |
| meaning 1 | crane (Grus) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | lifting machine | |
| reference | NFRS | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Hungarian | |
| lexeme | daru | |
| meaning 1 | crane (Grus) | Fejem fölött … őszi légen át Vándor darúid V betűje szállt (Petőfi Sándor) Above my head… the letter V of your wandering cranes flew through autumn air |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | machine used to lift a load | A daru emelőműből és mozgatóműből áll, ezt kiegészíti egy tartószerkezet, melyet régen általában fából, ma fémből, legtöbbször acélból készítenek The crane consists of a hoist and an actuator, complemented by a support structure, which used to be usually made of wood, today it is made of metal, mostly steel. |
| reference | MEK 1978 | |
| comment | Under German influence. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Italian | |
| lexeme | gru | |
| meaning 1 | crane (Grus) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | device for lifting and transporting loads by means of flexible parts (ropes, chains) ending with hooks, pincers, buckets, electromagnets (in the case of ferrous scrap), etc., driven, mostly, by electrical motors | |
| reference | Vocabolario Treccani | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Latin | |
| lexeme | grus | |
| meaning 1 | crane | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | a kind of siege-engine | |
| reference | Glare: 777 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Modern Greek | |
| lexeme | γερανός | |
| meaning 1 | crane (Grus) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | large lifting machine | Tα παράνομα παρκαρισμένα αυτοκίνητα τα σήκωσε ο γερανός The illegally parked cars were picked up by the crane of the police |
| reference | DSMG | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 11 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Polish | |
| lexeme | żuraw | |
| meaning 1 | crane (Grus) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | large crane for lifting and carrying a load suspended on a movable arm | |
| reference | WSJP | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 12 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Portuguese | |
| lexeme | grua | |
| meaning 1 | female crane | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | lifting machine | |
| reference | Feerštejn, Starec 2005 | |
| comment | ||