bull
→
elephant
4 realizations
Multi-area
Related shifts
| ID | Relation type | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
-
Comment
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Latin | |
| lexeme 1 | bos | |
| lexeme 2 | Luca bos | |
| meaning 1 | bull, ox, cow | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | elephant | |
| reference | Lewis, Short | |
| comment | Lūca 'Lucanian' + bōs, to mean elephant because the Romans first saw elephants in Heraclea, a city in Lucania, as part of Pyrrhus of Epirus's army. Varr. L. L. 7, 389, Lucr. 5, 1302; 1339; Sil. 9, 573; Aus. Ep. 15, 12; Plin. 8, 6, 6, § 16. |
|
| NEW Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Cognates | |
| language 1 | Lele (Guinea) | |
| language 2 | Soninke | |
| lexeme 1 | kàma | |
| lexeme 2 | wun-gaN/wun-gaame | |
| meaning 1 | bull | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | elephant | |
| reference | EvoSem | |
| comment | Mande *ɠàma elephant The 𝓔𝓿𝓸𝕃𝕖𝕩 comparative dictionary of Mande by Valentin Vydrin |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Sumerian | |
| lexeme 1 | am | |
| lexeme 2 | am-si /amsi/ | |
| meaning 1 | wild bull | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | elephant | |
| reference | ePSD2 | |
| comment | 'horned bull' |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Cognates | |
| language 1 | Tibetan | |
| language 2 | Mandarin Chinese | |
| lexeme 1 | glang | |
| lexeme 2 | xiàng (象) | |
| meaning 1 | ox | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | elephant | |
| reference | STEDT | |
| comment | Old Chinese *s-[d]aŋʔ Gurung ⁴ɬaː 'bull', Kanauri laṅ 'cow', Lahu hɔn 'elephant', Tamang (Risiangku) ⁴klap 'bullock, ox, steer' ,Tamang (Taglung) kʰlap 'ox', Tibetan (Jirel) lāngq 'bull', Tibetan (Sherpa) lāngq 'bull', Tibetan (Written) glaṅ 'elephant', Tibetan (Written) glɑŋ 'bullock, ox, elephant', Yi (Wuding) xu̱² 'elephant' |
|