grandfather
→
ancestor
16 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Belarusan | |
| Lexeme 1 | дзед | |
| Lexeme 2 | дзяды | |
| Meaning 1 | grandfather | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | ancestors | |
| Reference | Slounik.org | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Brahui | |
| Lexeme | pīra | |
| Meaning 1 | grandfather | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | ancestor | |
| Reference | Bray_Brahui dictionary: 237 | |
| Comment | Variants: pīra (perī) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Hill Mari | |
| Lexeme | тьотя | |
| Meaning 1 | grandfather | Тьотям доно коктын араваш кузен шӹцнӓ I sat down on the cart with my grandfather. |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | ancestor | Пӓшӓжӹмӓт, тьотявлӓ перви кыцелӓ ӹштенӹт, тенгелӓок ӹштӹкӓленӹт. They worked the same way as their ancestors in the old days. |
| Reference | Marij jylme muter | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Italian | |
| Lexeme 1 | nonno | |
| Lexeme 2 | nonni | |
| Meaning 1 | grandfather | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | ancestors | al tempo dei nostri nonni at the time of our grandparents |
| Reference | Vocabolario Treccani | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Italian | |
| Lexeme 1 | avo | |
| Lexeme 2 | avi | |
| Meaning 1 | (archaic) grandfather | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | ancestors | |
| Reference | Vocabolario Treccani | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Kui | |
| Lexeme | ake | |
| Meaning 1 | grandfather | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | ancestor | |
| Reference | Winfield Kui Vocabulary: 3 | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Lao | |
| Lexeme | ay ɲā kaː | |
| Meaning 1 | grandfather | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | ancestor | |
| Reference | SEAlang Lao | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Manda | |
| Lexeme | aku | |
| Meaning 1 | grandfather | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | ancestor | |
| Reference | Ramakrishna Manda: 9 | |
| Comment | Meaning 2: grandfather (mother's father) | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Pengo | |
| Lexeme | ako | |
| Meaning 1 | grandfather (maternal) | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | ancestors (maternal) | |
| Reference | Burrow-Bhattacharya's Pengo: 193 | |
| Comment | Second meaning usually is in Plural. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Portuguese | |
| Lexeme 1 | avô | |
| Lexeme 2 | avós | |
| Meaning 1 | grandfather | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | ancestors | |
| Reference | Feerštejn, Starec 2005 | |
| Comment | Second meaning in plural. | |
| NEW Realization 11 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Romanian | |
| Lexeme 1 | bunic | |
| Lexeme 2 | bunici | |
| Meaning 1 | grandfather | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | ancestors | |
| Reference | MDA2 | |
| Comment | plural |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 12 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Russian | |
| Lexeme 1 | дед | |
| Lexeme 2 | деды | |
| Meaning 1 | grandfather | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | ancestor | Наши деды не знали картофеля. Our ancestors (lit. grandfathers) did not know potatoes. |
| Reference | <personally collected data> | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 13 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Spanish | |
| Lexeme 1 | abuelo | |
| Lexeme 2 | abuelos | |
| Meaning 1 | grandfather | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | ancestors | |
| Reference | Narumov 1995 | |
| Comment | only in pl. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 14 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Turkish | |
| Lexeme | dede | |
| Meaning 1 | grandfather | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | each of the ancestors, starting from the grandfather, backwards. | |
| Reference | TDKS | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 15 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Ukrainian | |
| Lexeme 1 | дід | |
| Lexeme 2 | діди | |
| Meaning 1 | grandfather | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | ancestors | |
| Reference | SUM-11 | |
| Comment | Only plural | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 16 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Welsh | |
| Lexeme | taid | |
| Meaning 1 | grandfather | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | forefather, ancestor | |
| Reference | GPC | |
| Comment | ||
Also Russian Деды, Belarusan Дзяды, Ukrainian Діди, Polish Dziady - Forefathers' Eve, the feast of the deceased, in the Slavic tradition calendar period for rituals and customs that were dedicated to the spirits of the ancestors. Usually was celebrated at least twice a year (so-called Dziady wiosenne 'spring dziady' and Dziady jesienne 'autumn dziady').