shoulder-blade, scapula
↔
shoulder
12 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 | |
| 434 | shoulder | — | back (body part) | Open |
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Ancient Greek | |
| Lexeme 1 | ὠμοπλάτη | |
| Lexeme 2 | ὦμος | |
| Meaning 1 | shoulder-blade, scapula | |
| Direction | ← | |
| Meaning 2 | shoulder | |
| Reference | LSJ | |
| Comment | πλάτη 'flat object' | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Balinese | |
| Lexeme | pala | |
| Meaning 1 | shoulder-blade, scapula | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | shoulder | |
| Reference | SEALang Balinese | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Gawwada (Ale) | |
| Lexeme | hašitto | |
| Meaning 1 | shoulder-blade, scapula | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | shoulder | |
| Reference | World Loanword Database | |
| Comment | CLICS-3 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Kawi (Old Javanese) | |
| Lexeme | puṇḍak | |
| Meaning 1 | shoulder-blade, scapula | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | shoulder | |
| Reference | SEALang Balinese | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Lao | |
| Lexeme | bāː lāi | |
| Meaning 1 | shoulder-blades | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | shoulders | |
| Reference | SEAlang Lao | |
| Comment | bāː 'shoulder', lāi 'deltoid muscle, shoulder'. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Semantic evolution | |
| Language 1 | Late Latin | |
| Language 2 | Medieval Latin | |
| Lexeme 1 | spatula, spathula | |
| Lexeme 2 | spatula | |
| Meaning 1 | shoulder-blade, scapula | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | man's shoulder | |
| Reference | Niermeyer: 982 | |
| Comment | Meyer-Lübke 612. Classical Latin spathula 'broad, flat piece' dim. of Classical Latin spatha 'straight sword'. French épaule, Catalan espatlla, Friulian spale, Occitan espatla, Italian spalla, Romansch spatla, Sicilian spaḍḍa 'shoulder' are from Vulgar Latin *spatla (< spatula). Compare learned loanwords Catalan espàtula, French spatule, Italian spatula, Occitan espatula, Sicilian spatula 'spatula'. Portuguese semi-learned espádua has both senses 'scapula; shoulder blade' and 'shoulder'. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Malay | |
| Lexeme 1 | tulang lĕmbusir | |
| Lexeme 2 | lĕmbusir | |
| Meaning 1 | shoulder-blade, scapula | |
| Direction | ← | |
| Meaning 2 | shoulder of beef | |
| Reference | SEALang Malay | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Cognates | |
| Language 1 | Malay | |
| Language 2 | Tagalog | |
| Lexeme 1 | belikat | |
| Lexeme 2 | balíkat | |
| Meaning 1 | shoulder-blade, scapula | |
| Direction | → | |
| Meaning 2 | shoulder | |
| Reference | ACD | |
| Comment | Sundanese walikat, Old Javanese walikat, Madurese balikat 'shoulder blade', Makassarese (Salayar) 'shoulder'. Probably borrowing from Malay and Javanese to Tagalog and Makassarese. | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Phong | |
| Lexeme | ba:j.33 | |
| Meaning 1 | shoulder-blade, scapula | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | shoulder | |
| Reference | IDS | |
| Comment | Tum (Toum) variety. CLICS-3 | |
| ACCEPTED Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Portuguese | |
| Lexeme | espádua | |
| Meaning 1 | shoulder-blade, scapula | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | shoulder | |
| Reference | DPLP | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 11 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Derivation | |
| Language | Vietnamese | |
| Lexeme 1 | bả vai | |
| Lexeme 2 | vai | |
| Meaning 1 | shoulder-blade, scapula | |
| Direction | ← | |
| Meaning 2 | shoulder | |
| Reference | SEAlang Vietnamese | |
| Comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 12 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Polysemy | |
| Language | Yahgan (Yagán, Yámana) | |
| Lexeme | touka | |
| Meaning 1 | shoulder-blade, scapula | |
| Direction | — | |
| Meaning 2 | shoulder | |
| Reference | IDS | |
| Comment | CLICS-3 | |
Dybo 1996. CLICS-3 172-1482