man (male)
→
male (animal)
52 realizations
Related shifts
| ID | Meaning 1 | Direction | Meaning 2 |
-
Comment
| ACCEPTED Realization 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Akhvakh | |
| lexeme | экlвабе | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | Magomedova, Abdulaeva 2007: 466 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 2 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Archi | |
| lexeme | mekɬe | |
| meaning 1 | male (of men) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | World Loanword Database | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Bagvalal | |
| lexeme | кунтlаб | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | Magomedova 2004: 217 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Bezhta | |
| lexeme | aboddās | |
| meaning 1 | male (of men) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | World Loanword Database | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Bezhta | |
| lexeme | bikinab | |
| meaning 1 | male (of men) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | World Loanword Database | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 6 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Buginese | |
| lexeme | lai | |
| meaning 1 | male (of men) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (of animals) | |
| reference | ACD | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 7 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Ceq Wong (Cheq Wong) | |
| lexeme | tuŋkal | |
| meaning 1 | male (of men) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | World Loanword Database | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 8 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Chamalal | |
| lexeme | квинтIаб | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | Magomedova 1999: 185 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 9 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Classical Armenian | |
| lexeme | orj (որձ) | |
| meaning 1 | male | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | Petrosean, Matatʿeay 1879 | |
| comment | In Modern Armenian only 'male (of an animal)' |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Eastern Canadian Inuktitut | |
| lexeme | aŋuti | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | Fortescue et al. 2010: 38 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 11 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Farsi | |
| lexeme | nar (نر) | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | the male of any species | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 12 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Finnish | |
| lexeme | uros | |
| meaning 1 | (dated, poetic) man, hero (adult male person, especially a strong and brave one) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | Vahros, Ščerbakov 2007 English Wiktionary | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 13 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Gagauz | |
| lexeme | erkek | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | Gagauzça-rusça-romınca sözlük = Гагаузско-русско-румынский словарь = Dicţionar găgăuz-rus-român / Fundaţia pentru susţinerea şi dezvoltarea ştiinţei şi culturii găgăuzilor "CAINAC"; alcăt. P. Cebotari, I. Dron. - Ch.: PONTOS, 2002 |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 14 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Godoberi | |
| lexeme | кунтIа | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | П. А. Саидова. Годоберинско-русский словарь. - Махачкала, |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 15 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Hausa | |
| lexeme | námíjì | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | World Loanword Database IDS | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 16 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Hup | |
| lexeme | tiyǐʔ | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | World Loanword Database | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 17 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Cognates | |
| language 1 | Isneg (Isnag) | |
| language 2 | Bontok | |
| lexeme | láki | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | ACD | |
| comment | Ilokano lakí-en 'masculine; manly (woman); tomboy; lesbian', Kankanaey láki 'male; cock, he (applied only to animals)', Ifugaw láki 'male quadruped; mostly applied to bigger pigs', Ifugaw (Batad) lāki 'a male pig, domestic or wild, either castrated or uncastrated', Ibaloy daki 'man, male, boy', Pangasinan lakí 'male; boy', Remontado lá 'man', Hanunóo láki 'masculinity, quality of being male', lakí 'ancestor, male ancestor; in a general sense, any direct, distant male progenitor', Aklanon eáki 'man, male', Cebuano lakí 'male animal or plant; paramour', l<in>áki 'man’s bicycle; ride astraddle like a man', lakin-un 'a female that acts like a male, tomboy', Maranao laki 'brother to a woman', Tiruray lagey 'a male; term of reference used by a female to refer to a male of her own generation', Klata laʔi 'man, male', Tboli logi 'man, boy, male; brother, a male sibling', Belait lai 'male, man', Kelabit laʔih 'male', Berawan (Long Terawan) lakkeh 'man, male', Berawan (Long Teru) lakkeh 'male, man', Narum lahay 'man, male', Miri lakayh 'man, male', Kenyah (Long Wat) lakəy 'man, male', Kenyah (Long Anap) laki 'man, male', Kayan (Uma Juman) lakiʔ 'male', Kiput laay 'male, of humans, man', Seru lakeh 'male', Malagasy láhi 'male, masculine (much used in the names of plants, etc.)', ana-dahi 'a woman’s brother; used also of men when women are speaking', Samihim laki 'man', Iban laki 'male; husband; male of a pair, e.g. of mortice and tenon joint, press-studs', Malay laki 'husband', laki-laki 'male; manly; masculine', Acehnese lakòë 'husband', Alas laki 'husband', Karo Batak laki 'vocative for ‘grandfather’', Toba Batak lahi 'young, of fruits', lahi-lahi 'manly, masculine', Rejang lakəy 'man, husband', Sundanese laki 'man; male, masculine (only in combination); pestle (used with mortar)', Old Javanese laki 'man, male, husband', Javanese laki 'sexual intercourse; husband', a-laki 'to marry', ŋe-laki 'to mate or breed (of animals)', Balinese laki 'male; man; husband', Sasak laki 'man; male, masculine', Muna laki 'leading bull (of a herd of cows or buffaloes)', Chamorro lahi 'man, male, boy; also used in direct address among friends', lahe-n 'son of, man of', Donggo rahi 'husband', Ngadha ata saki 'man; husband', Palu'e ata laki 'man, male', Sika laʔi 'man; husband', Lamaholot lake 'husband; male', Adonara lake 'husband', Kodi laghi 'husband', Waiyewa lai 'husband', Lamboya lai 'husband', Kelabit də-laʔih 'male', Malay (Kedah) de-laki 'male', Karo Batak di-laki 'male, masculine; boy, man; husband', Ilokano laláki 'boy; man; anything masculine; male', Agta (Dupaningan) lalláki 'man, male (historically a plural)', Isneg laláki 'male', Bontok laláki 'man, male, boy', Ifugaw laláki 'man', Isinay laláki 'man, boy, male', Kapampangan laláki 'man, male', Tagalog laláki, laláke 'man, an adult male; male, masculine', Bikol laláki 'boy, lad; man; male', Hanunóo laláki 'man, boy, male', Masbatenyo laláki 'male, man (refers to animate beings)', Aklanon l<in>a-eakí 'to act like a man (said of a woman)', Waray laláki 'man, male', Hiligaynon laláki 'male, man, boy, male illicit lover', Palawan Batak lalaki 'man, human male', Cebuano laláki 'human male; turn out to be a boy; paramour', Malagasy laláhy 'man', Iban le-laki 'male', Malay le-laki 'male; masculine', Sundanese la-laki 'male; masculine', Mongondow lo-laki 'man; male, masculine; brother (woman speaking)', Wolio lalaki 'lord, nobleman, king (chess)', Ilokano ka-laki-an 'the male (of a pair of animals); masculine', Bontok ka-laláki-yan 'brother or male cousin of a female Ego', Ibaloy ka-leki-an 'bull, stallion, mature male carabao; (of deer) buck', Old Javanese ka-laki-laki(n) 'manliness, manly courage, virility' |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 18 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Itelmen | |
| lexeme | ильльх, иӽԓӽ | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | PIRS: 65, 81 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 19 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kali'na (Carib) | |
| lexeme | wokɨlɨ | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | World Loanword Database | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 20 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kankanaey | |
| lexeme | laláki | |
| meaning 1 | male (of men) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (of animals) | |
| reference | ACD | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 21 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Cognates | |
| language 1 | Kannada | |
| language 2 | Kodagu | |
| lexeme 1 | gaṇḍu | |
| lexeme 2 | kaṇḍë | |
| meaning 1 | strength, manliness, bravery; the male sex, a male, man | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (of dogs and other animals, mostly wild; not of cats) | |
| reference | DEDR: 1173 | |
| comment | Tamil kaṇṭan 'warrior, husband', Malayalam kaṇṭan 'the male, esp. of cat', Tulu gaṇḍu 'male, valiant, stout', gaṇḍusu 'husband',gaṇṭè, gaṇṭapuccè 'male cat' |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 22 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kanuri | |
| lexeme | bî | |
| meaning 1 | male (of men) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | World Loanword Database | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 23 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Karelian | |
| lexeme | uros | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | Zajkov, Rugoeva 1999: 197 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 24 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Cognates | |
| language | Komi | |
| lexeme | айка | |
| meaning 1 | (Udora dialect) adult man | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | (Pećöra, Iźva and Upper Sysola dialects) male (animal) | |
| reference | KSK | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 25 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Cognates | |
| language | Komi | |
| lexeme | айлов | |
| meaning 1 | (Upper Vychegda dialect) man (male) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | (Udora dialect) male (animal) | |
| reference | KSK | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 26 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Korean | |
| lexeme 1 | suh (숳) | |
| lexeme 2 | sukeot (수컷) | |
| meaning 1 | male | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | male animal | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 27 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Kyrghyz | |
| lexeme | эркек | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | Judaxin 1985 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 28 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Latvian | |
| lexeme | tēviņš | |
| meaning 1 | man | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | aitu tēviņš male sheep, ram |
| reference | LEV 1992 | |
| comment | a diminutive of tēvs 'father' |
|
| NEW Realization 29 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Maori | |
| lexeme | toa | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | IDS | |
| comment | CLICS-3 |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 30 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Mapuche (Mapudungun) | |
| lexeme | wentru | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | World Loanword Database | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 31 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Mongolian (Khalkha) | |
| lexeme | эр | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | эр үнэг male fox |
| reference | BAMRS 2001-2002 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 32 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Nanai | |
| lexeme | moχa(n) | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | SSTM: 1, 543 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 33 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Nias | |
| lexeme | laʔi | |
| meaning 1 | man, male | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male mousedeer | |
| reference | ACD | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 34 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Pamona (Bare’e) | |
| lexeme | laŋkay | |
| meaning 1 | man | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | ACD | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 35 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Cognates | |
| language 1 | Pangasinan | |
| language 2 | Ibaloy | |
| lexeme 1 | bológ | |
| lexeme 2 | bolog | |
| meaning 1 | boy, male | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | bull; mature male cow or carabao that is not castrated | |
| reference | ACD | |
| comment | Ilokano bulóg 'uncastrated male animal; immodest man', Ifugaw (Batad) bulug 'a breeding domestic male animal' (said to be from Ilokano), Ayta Abellan bolog 'boar, uncastrated male animal (e.g. pig or cow)', Kapampangan bulúg-an 'stud', Tagalog búlog 'virility', bulúg-an 'a boar kept for breeding purposes'. |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 36 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Pendau | |
| lexeme | laŋkay | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male animal | |
| reference | ACD | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 37 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Portuguese | |
| lexeme | macho | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | DILP | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 38 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Derivation | |
| language | Romanian | |
| lexeme 1 | bărbat | |
| lexeme 2 | bărbătuș | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | DEX98 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 39 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Romblomanon | |
| lexeme | lyāki | |
| meaning 1 | boy or man | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | a male animal, fish, mollusk | |
| reference | ACD | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 40 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Saramaccan | |
| lexeme | wómi | |
| meaning 1 | male (of men) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | World Loanword Database | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 41 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Cognates | |
| language 1 | Seediq | |
| language 2 | Pazeh | |
| lexeme | balas | |
| meaning 1 | male, masculine | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male, of animals and fowls | |
| reference | ACD | |
| comment | Saisiyat balaʃ 'male', Paiwan valʸas 'male, of animal (somewhat obscene)', Cebuano bana 'husband', Belait baneh 'husband', Basap bana 'husband', Berawan (Long Teru) binəh 'husband', Bintulu bana 'husband', Tunjung wana 'husband', Kapuas bana 'husband' |
|
| ACCEPTED Realization 42 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Seychellois Creole | |
| lexeme | mal | |
| meaning 1 | male (of men) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | World Loanword Database | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 43 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Simeulue (Simalur) | |
| lexeme | si-lai | |
| meaning 1 | male (of men) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | male (of animals) | |
| reference | ACD | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 44 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Spanish | |
| lexeme | macho | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | DRAE | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 45 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Swahili | |
| lexeme | kiume | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | World Loanword Database | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 46 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Takia | |
| lexeme | tamol | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | World Loanword Database | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 47 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Tindi | |
| lexeme | квинтlаб | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | Magomedova 2003: 211 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 48 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Turkish | |
| lexeme | erkek | |
| meaning 1 | man | genç erkekler young men |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | erkek köpek male dog |
| reference | Baskakov 1977: 276 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 49 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Tuvan | |
| lexeme | эр | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | эр хөйлең men's shirt |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | эр өдүрек drake, male duck |
| reference | Tenišev 2008 | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 50 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Uzbek | |
| lexeme | erkak (эркак) | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | <personally collected data> | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 51 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | White Hmong (Hmong Daw) | |
| lexeme | txiv | |
| meaning 1 | male (of men) | |
| direction | → | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | World Loanword Database | |
| comment | ||
| ACCEPTED Realization 52 | ||
|---|---|---|
| type | Polysemy | |
| language | Yaqui (Hiaki) | |
| lexeme | o’ou | |
| meaning 1 | man (male) | |
| direction | — | |
| meaning 2 | male (animal) | |
| reference | World Loanword Database | |
| comment | ||