twelve December 9 realizations Multi-area
ACCEPTED Realization 1
type Motivation
language Burmese
lexeme 1 hcai.hnac (ဆယ့်နှစ်)
lexeme 2 hcai.hnacla (ဆယ့်နှစ်လ)
meaning 1 twelve
direction
meaning 2 (colloquial) December (used in the context of stating specific dates)
reference SEAlang Burmrse
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 2
type Derivation
language Cantonese Chinese
lexeme 1 sap6 ji6 (十二)
lexeme 2 sap6 ji6 jyut6 (十二月)
meaning 1 twelve
direction
meaning 2 December
reference <personally collected data>
comment
NEW Realization 3
type Derivation
language Guarani
lexeme 1 pakõi + jasy
lexeme 2 jasypakõi
meaning 1 twelve
direction
meaning 2 December
reference Canese, Alcaraz 2016: 35, column 1
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 4
type Derivation
language Japanese
lexeme 1 jūni (十二)
lexeme 2 jūnigatsu (十二月)
meaning 1 twelve
direction
meaning 2 December
reference BJaRS
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 5
type Motivation
language Korean
lexeme 1 sibi (십이)
lexeme 2 sibiwol (십이월)
meaning 1 twelve
direction
meaning 2 December
reference <personally collected data>
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 6
type Motivation
language Mandarin Chinese
lexeme 1 shí'èr (十二)
lexeme 2 shí'èryuè (十二月)
meaning 1 twelve
direction
meaning 2 December
reference BKRS
comment
NEW Realization 7
type Derivation
language Rengao
lexeme 1 mŏ̀yʹ jằt bar + khăy
lexeme 2 khăy mŏ̀yʹ jằt bar
meaning 1 twelve + moon
direction
meaning 2 December
reference Gregerson & Gregerson 2026: 184
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 8
type Derivation
language Udihe
lexeme 1 ӡа̄ӡӯ
lexeme 2 ӡа̄ӡӯ бя
meaning 1 twelve
direction
meaning 2 December
reference Podmaskin 1984: 233
comment
ACCEPTED Realization 9
type Motivation
language Vietnamese
lexeme 1 mười hai
lexeme 2 tháng mười hai
meaning 1 twelve
direction
meaning 2 December
reference SEAlang Vietnamese
comment